“Crime Control Act of 1990”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Crime Control Act of 1990 was a large Act of Congress that had a considerable impact on the juvenile crime control policies of the 1990s.^[1] The bill was passed by the Congress on October 27, 1990, and signed into law by President George H. W. Bush on November 29, 1990.^[2]

The Bush administration requested a comprehensive crime bill that would expand the death penalty for federal crimes, reform habeas corpus, limit plea bargaining, revise exclusionary rule, and strengthen penalties for the use of firearms in the commission of a crime. Not all of the sought-after provisions were enacted, but the act made major changes in the areas of child abuse, sexual abuse penalties, victims' rights, and the enforcement of drug laws.^[3] The enacted titles were these:^[2]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite book |last=Shahidullah |first=Shahid M.|year=2008 |title=Crime Policy in America: Laws, Institutions, and Programs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=whWL6D83FBUC&pg=PA75 |page=75 |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=978-0-7618-4098-5 |lccn=2008925824 }}
2. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d101:SN03266:@@@L&summ2=m&#titles |title=Short Titles as Enacted |author= |year=1990 |website=thomas.loc.gov |publisher=Library of Congress |accessdate=July 11, 2014 }}
3. ^{{cite book |last=Shahidullah |first=Shahid M. |year=2008 |title=Crime Policy in America: Laws, Institutions, and Programs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=whWL6D83FBUC&pg=PA14 |location= |publisher=University Press of America |page=14 |isbn=978-0-7618-4098-5 |oclc=243545920 |accessdate=July 11, 2014 }}
4. ^Marion, Nancy. Drugs in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture and the Law.
5. ^Peters John, Report of the February 14, 200 Shootings at Northern Illinois University, Northern Illinois University press, http://www.niu.edu/feb14report/Feb14report.pdf
6. ^Brady Bill, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-103hr1025rh/pdf/BILLS-103hr1025rh.pdf.
7. ^A.M Crim.L.Rev. 793(1996-1997) Money Laundering; Kaufman, Max, Lewis, Adam; Miller, Bruce
8. ^National Coalition For Drug-Free School Zones, https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/140213NCJRS.pdf, web 2015

Further reading

Protecting people from crime in large cities is hard considering that population growths daily.The crime control act of 1990 was put into place to ensure the safety of the people. There were many specific instances where Crime control act protected the people from the danger of the society during the time. Protecting children by ensuring drug-free zones, prevent money laundering, and finally ensure safety by providing stricter gun free zones.

To start, crime control act protected children from drug-free zones. To illustrate, Nancy E Marion book Drugs in American Society. Marion goes on to explain in detail some of the cautions government took to enforce the Drug-free Zones. For example,"posting of signs that identify all school properties are drug-free zones".This shows that many of the areas that were considered to be drug-free zones had signs posted near them to warn people in the community of the location.The drug abuse and drug trafficking in the 1990s were huge. The goal behind the drug-free zone was to attack the drug such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana. Although, this was also the height of the war on drugs. Many of the laws passed under the crime control act sprung new acts within the act itself

Second the prevention of money laundering was another bill that spark under crime control act.According to Peter Reuter article Crime and Justice: A Review of Research states that “money laundering act of converting funds derived from illegal activities into spendable or consumable form.This means that money that cannot be taxed by the American government cannot be spent for legal entities.

Finally, Crime Control Act of 1990 was intended to improve safety in public places by making gun free zones. In recent years, there have been mass shooting in places such as schools, churches, and movie theaters. For example, in 2008 five students were shot at Northern Illinois University including the gunman. Prior to this tragedy bills such as Brady Bill act was already in place through Crime control act of 1990. According to U.S Congress,the bill"prohibits certain persons from shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce or possessing any firearm in or affecting commerce.”This means that cannot have a handgun unless it is the license to a certain state. To ensure the safety of people, just as drug-free zones, in public places there are postings gun free zones areas.

In closings, Crime Control Act of 1990 was passed to give the people a sense of safety. Drug-free zones fight protect those who are in vulnerable areas such as schools protection from people who may sell drugs illegally.Money laundering act gives the government opportunity to crack down on money that was not made legally by bringing an end to corrupt operations.Finally, gun free zones reinsure the safety of individuals in public places with Brady bill which makes it illegal for one to own a gun that is not license with the state in which he or she lives.