| 词条 | Cultural criminology |
| 释义 |
Cultural criminology is a theoretical, methodological, and interventionist approach to the study of crime that seeks to understand crime in the context of its culture.[1] It views both crime and the agencies of control{{clarify|date=June 2012|reason=What are "agents of control"?}} as cultural products. Cultural criminology seeks to highlight how power affects constructions of crime, such as laws created, laws broken, and the interplay of moral entrepreneurship, moral innovation, and transgression.[2] Crime and crime control are believed to be shaped by the meanings assigned by culture. The theory is a perspective that has developed in both the United States and the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s with writings having important cross-national impacts. The theory views crime in the context of an offenders culture as a motive to commit crime. The theory gives motives to a crime whereas other theories such as rational choice explain what was gained. Cultural criminology dates back to the mid-1990s.[3] It draws heavily on the Chicago School of sociology and the 1970s Marxist and neo-Gramscian criminologies. New theories of cultural criminology take into account the role of space in the construction of crime, positing, for example, that where an action takes place is as important as the effect of the action in determining criminality. MethodsOriginally, cultural criminologists utilized one of two main research methods: either ethnographic and fieldwork techniques,[4] or the main qualitative research techniques associated with the scholarly readings.[5] Cultural criminologists today also employ research methods such as participative action research or "narrative criminology". They remain constant, however, in their rejection of abstract empiricism.[1][6] Emotion{{expand section|1=What are the findings on crime and emotion?|date=June 2012}}One of the main tenets of cultural criminology is the role of emotions in crime. The foundational work in this sub-field is considered to be Jack Katz's Seductions of Crime (1988). In this and other works, the goal is to find the overlap between the emotions associated with everyday life and those associated with crime.[7][8] Cultural criminology also studies the role of emotional affect in crime.[9] EdgeworkThe roles of excitement and control in cultural criminology has laid the foundation for the sociological concept of "edgework".[10] Edgework’s focus on prototypically masculine, high-risk pursuits has been criticised by a number of feminist criminologists. More recent works, however, suggest that edgework can be applied to either gender.[11] CriticismSome critics{{who|date=June 2012}} have argued that cultural criminology has foregone hard-nosed economic analysis in the interest of a subjective or narrow cultural focus. Cultural criminologists{{who|date=June 2011}} counter that they are striving to create a sociologically inspired criminology attuned to the distinctive dynamics of the contemporary economy. They contend that the expansion of the global market has brought new forms of crime, crime control, and political resistance. Notes1. ^1 {{cite book|first1=Jeff|last1=Ferrell|first2=Keith|last2=Hayward|first3=Jock|last3=Young|title=Cultural criminology: an investigation|year=2008|publisher=SAGE|location=Los Angeles|isbn=9781412931267}} 2. ^{{cite book |last1=Hayward |first1=Keith |first2=Jock |last2=Young |year=2012 |chapter=Cultural criminology |title=The Oxford Handbook of Criminology |edition=5th |editor1-first=Michael |editor1-last=Maguire |editor2-first=Rod |editor2-last=Morgan |editor3-first=Robert |editor3-last=Reiner |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199590278}} 3. ^{{cite book|editor1-first=Jeff|editor1-last=Ferrell|editor2-first=Clinton|editor2-last=Sanders|title=Cultural criminology|year=1995|publisher=Northeastern University Press|location=Boston|isbn=9781555532352}} 4. ^{{cite book|editor1-first=Ferrell|editor1-last=Jeff|editor2-first=Mark|editor2-last=Hamm|title=Ethnography at the Edge: Crime, Deviance, and Field Research|year=1998|publisher=Northeastern University Press|location=Boston|isbn=9781555533410}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Ferrell|first=Jeff|title=Cultural Criminology|journal=Annual Review of Sociology|date=1 August 1999|volume=25|issue=1|pages=395–418|doi=10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.395}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Young|first=Jock|title=Criminological imagination.|year=2010|publisher=University Of Kent|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0745641072}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last=Young|first=Jock|title=Merton with Energy, Katz with Structure: The Sociology of Vindictiveness and the Criminology of Transgression|journal=Theoretical Criminology|date=August 2003|volume=7|issue=3|pages=388–414|doi=10.1177/13624806030073007}} 8. ^{{cite journal|last=Ferrell|first=Jeff|year=1992|title=Making sense of crime: A review essay on Jack Katz’s Seductions of Crime|journal=Social Justice|volume=19|issue=23|pages=110–123|jstor=29766697}} 9. ^{{cite book|last=Young|first=Alison|year=2009|title=The scene of violence: Crime, cinema, affect|location=London and New York|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134008728}} 10. ^{{cite journal|last=Lyng|first=Stephen|year=1990|title=Edgework: A social psychological analysis of voluntary risk taking|journal=American Journal of Sociology|volume=95|issue=4|pages=851–886|jstor=2780644|doi=10.1086/229379}} 11. ^{{cite journal|last=Rajah|first=Valli|year=2007|title=Resistance as edgework in violent intimate relationships of drug-involved women|journal=British Journal of Criminology|volume=47|issue=2|pages=196–213|doi=10.1093/bjc/azl064}} References
2 : Criminology|Cultural studies |
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