| 词条 | Culture and Imperialism |
| 释义 |
| name = Culture and Imperialism | image = File:Culture and Imperialism.jpg | caption = Cover of the first edition | author = Edward Said | country = | language = English | subject = Imperialism | published = 1993 | publisher = Chatto & Windus | media_type = Print | pages = | isbn = 978-0679750543 | dewey = | congress = | oclc = }} Culture and Imperialism is a 1993 collection of essays by Edward Said, in which the author attempts to trace the connection between imperialism and culture in the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. It followed his highly influential Orientalism, published in 1978. Said conceived of Culture and Imperialism as an attempt to "expand the argument" of Orientalism "to describe a more general pattern of relationships between the modern metropolitan west and its overseas territories."[1] SubjectIn a series of essays, Said argues the impact of mainstream culture (mainly British writers of the 19th and early 20th century, like Jane Austen and Rudyard Kipling) on colonialism and imperialism,[2] and conversely how imperialism, resistance to it, and decolonization influenced the English and French novel.[3] In the introduction to the work, Said explains his focus on the novel: he "consider[s] it the aesthetic object whose connection to the expanding societies of Britain and France is particularly interesting to study. The prototypical modern realistic novel is Robinson Crusoe, and certainly not accidentally it is about a European who creates a fiefdom for himself on a distant, non-European island."[4] On the connection between culture and empire, Said observes that "The power to narrate, or to block other narratives from forming and emerging, is very important to culture and imperialism, and constitutes one of the main connections between them."[5] Hence he analyzes cultural objects in large part to understand how empire works: "For the enterprise of empire depends upon the idea of having an empire... and all kinds of preparations are made for it within a culture; then in turn imperialism acquires a kind of coherence, a set of experiences, and a presence of ruler and ruled alike within the culture."[6] Said defines "imperialism" as "the practice, the theory, and the attitudes of a dominating metropolitan center ruling a distant territory."[7] His definition of "culture" is more complex, but he strongly suggests that we ought not to forget imperialism when discussing it. Of his overall motive, Said states:
The title is thought to be a reference to two older works, Culture and Anarchy (1867–68) by Matthew Arnold and Culture and Society (1958) by Raymond Williams.[9] Said argues that, although the "age of empire" largely ended after World War II, when most colonies gained independence, imperialism continues to exert considerable cultural influence in the present. To be aware of this fact, it is necessary, according to Said, to look at how colonialists and imperialists employed "culture" to control distant land and peoples. ReceptionEdward Said was considered "one of the most important literary critics and philosophers of the late 20th century".[10] Culture and Imperialism was hailed as long-awaited and seen as a direct successor to his main work, Orientalism. While The New York Times review notes the book's heavy resemblance to a collection of lectures, it concludes that "Yet that telegraphic style does not finally mar either the usefulness of 'Culture and Imperialism' or its importance."[9] The book is seen as a "classic study",[11] and has influenced many later authors, books and articles.[12][13] Philosopher and social anthropologist Ernest Gellner criticized Said for "exploiting Western guilt about imperialism."[14] Notes1. ^{{cite book|last1=Said|first1=Edward|title=Culture and Imperialism|date=1993|publisher=Vintage Books (Random House)|location=New York|page=xi}} 2. ^{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Bernstein |title=Edward W. Said, Polymath Scholar, Dies at 67 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/26/obituaries/26SAID.html?position=&ei=5007&en=c9749e2cdc3cc4c1&ex=1379995200&partner=USERLAND&pagewanted=print&position= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000659/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/26/obituaries/26SAID.html?position=&ei=5007&en=c9749e2cdc3cc4c1&ex=1379995200&partner=USERLAND&pagewanted=print&position= |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2016-03-04 |work=The New York Times |date=2003-09-26 |accessdate=2008-10-21 }} 3. ^{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Hughes |title=Envoy to Two Cultures |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,978727,00.html |publisher=Time |date=1993-06-21 |accessdate=2008-10-21}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Said|first1=Edward|title=Culture and Imperialism|date=1993|publisher=Vintage Books (Random House)|location=New York|page=xii}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Said|first1=Edward|title=Culture and Imperialism|date=1993|publisher=Vintage Books (Random House)|location=New York|page=xiii}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Said|first1=Edward|title=Culture and Imperialism|date=1993|publisher=Vintage Books (Random House)|location=New York|page=11}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Said|first1=Edward|title=Culture and Imperialism|date=1993|publisher=Vintage Books (Random House)|location=New York|page=9}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Said|first1=Edward|title=Culture and Imperialism|date=1993|publisher=Vintage Books (Random House|location=New York|page=xiv}} 9. ^1 {{cite news |first=Michael |last=Gorra |title=Who Paid the Bill at Mansfield Park? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/99/10/03/specials/said-culture.html |work=The New York Times |date=1993-02-28 |accessdate=2008-10-21}} 10. ^{{cite news |first=Tyler |last=Tokaryk |title=A bridge to the ivory tower: The legacy of Edward Said |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/viewpoint/vp_tokaryk/20030926.html |publisher=CBC |date=2003-09-26 |accessdate=2008-10-21}} 11. ^{{cite book |last=Pagden |first=Anthony |authorlink=Anthony Pagden |title=The Idea of Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PhGHvDpMlSUC&pg=PA336&dq=culture-and-imperialism+said&ei=7Mn9SO2BJoXWsgOcz7WdDA |accessdate=2008-10-21 |year=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-79552-4 |pages=336}} 12. ^{{cite book |last=Rowe |first=John Carlos |title=Literary Culture and U.S. Imperialism |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=sdWIQn9Ri6wC&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=culture-and-imperialism+said&ots=rV4LdYw51P&sig=NaUquE4d6By3GtFCtLmRltx5P8U#PPR13,M1 |accessdate=2008-10-21 |year=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press, US |pages=xiii |quote=My idea for this work owes much to Said's work in general and in particular to his remarks in Culture and Imperialism[...]}} 13. ^{{cite book |last=Young |first=Louise |title=Japan's Total Empire |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=T0T4yShFqZsC&oi=fnd&pg=PR10&dq=culture-and-imperialism+said&ots=JIL481eQXy&sig=Qj9u42VhQSNV3-HzNOcDk72TU7A#PPA10,M1 |accessdate=2008-10-21 |year=1999 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-21934-2 |pages=9 |quote=There has been a recent explosion of work on culture and imperialism, largely inspired by Edward W. Said's pioneering study Orientalism[...], which was recently reformulated as Culture and Imperialism[...]}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=Cathcart|first1=Brian|title=An academic row turns personal|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/an-academic-row-turns-personal-1490007.html|accessdate=7 July 2017|publisher=The Independent|date=5 June 1993}} External links
9 : 1993 non-fiction books|Books about imperialism|Books of literary criticism|Chatto & Windus books|English-language books|Political books|Postcolonial literature|Sociology books|Works by Edward Said |
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