| 词条 | Currie Hall | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Currie Building | native_name = | native_language = | other_name = | image = Coats of arms of Canada on Currie Hall Mackenzie Building Royal Military College of Canada.JPG | caption = Coat of arms of Canada on Currie Hall Mackenzie Building Royal Military College of Canada | type = University Hall | location = {{comma separated entries|1=Kingston, Ontario|2=Ontario|3=Canada}} | nearest_city = | area = | elevation = | height = | beginning_label = Established | beginning_date = 1922 | formed = | founded = | founder = | built = 1922 | built_for = | original_use = | demolished = | rebuilt = | restored = | restored_by = | current_use = | architect = Percy Erskine Nobbs | sculptor = | architecture = Gothic Revival | visitors_num = | visitors_year = | visitors_ref = | governing_body = | owner = | year of event = | events = | website = {{Official website|http://www.rmc.ca/index-eng.asp}} | designation1 = National Historic Site of Canada | designation1_offname = | designation1_date = | designation1_number = | designation2 = | designation2_offname = | designation2_date = | designation2_number = }} Currie Hall is a hall within the Currie Building, which is an annex to the Mackenzie Building at the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario. It was built in 1922, and is a Recognized Federal Heritage Building.[1]The hall was designed by Percy Erskine Nobbs and built just after the end of the First World War by Sir Archibald Cameron Macdonell while he was commandant of the Royal Military College of Canada. It was built as a memorial to the Canadian Corps of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. It plays a prominent role in the life of the University. During special events, invited speakers and dignitaries may address the university population or general public from the Great Hall. Many conferences held in Kingston, Ontario may book the halls for lectures or presentations. The Currie building also houses the Language Centre, administrative offices and Otter Squadron - University Training Plan Non Commissioned Members (UTNCM). The building was named in honour of Lieutenant-General Sir Arthur Currie, who is a National Historic Person of Canada. Currie Hall is decorated with the crests and battle colours of every unit that fought in France during World War I. HistoryAt the official opening of Currie Hall at Royal Military College on 17 May 1922, General Sir Arthur Currie remarked: {{quote|I cannot tell you how utterly embarrassed and yet how inexpressibly proud I am to witness this ceremony, and to be present when this hall is officially opened. This hall is to commemorate the deeds of our fellow comrades whom it was my great honour and privilege to command during the latter years of the War. It is a pleasure to look around and see the crests and battle colours of every unit that fought in France; and they remind me of the supreme effort of Canada, and they tell something of how Canada responded to the call to arms.{{sfn|Kryzanowski|1989|p=9}}}} Under the supervision of Eleanor Milne, then Official Sculptor of Canada (1962–93), Maurice Joanisse, then an apprentice carver, sculpted the Royal Coat of Arms of Canada and Canada's motto, Ad mare usque ad mare (English: From Sea to Sea; French: D'un ocean à l'autre), over the main entrance to the building. Joanisse also sculpted the arms of Sir Archibald Cameron Macdonell and General Currie over the main entrance. Joanisse later served as Official Sculptor of Canada 1993 to 2006.[2] DecorationsMajor Stuart Forbes offered to paint the insignia as a gift to the College. General Macdonnell said that "no greater incentive or inspiration could be given to the Gentlemen Cadets of the Royal Military College of Canada than the sight of the emblems worn by the Canadian Corps." [3] His Excellency John Ralston Saul (February 2004){{clarify |reason=What does this date mean? |date=September 2012}} described the Currie Hall decorations, {{quote|This is an astonishing hall in which to speak. If you gaze up at the initials on the ceiling and at the paintings and the painted insignia around the walls, you are reminded that Canada is not a new country. [...] Militarily speaking, we have been at it for a long time. This hall is a conceptualisation of our participation in the First World War. All of that grandeur and tragedy is pulled together here in a remarkable way. I'm not sure that we could reproduce a hall of this sort to describe our military experiences of the last half century."[4]}}The initials of Canada Corps commanders General Sir Arthur Currie; Sir Edwin Alderson (1915–16), and Sir Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy (1916–17) are emblazoned on the ceiling of Currie Hall as are the initials of Sir Henry Edward Burstall, Garnet Hughes, General Macdonell, Louis Lipsett, Frederick Oscar Warren Loomis, M. S. Mercer, Sam Steele, R. E. W. Turner, and David Watson. The badges and battle patches belonging to the units of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th Canadian Divisions of the Canada Corps and the cavalry brigade at the moment of the First World War armistice adorn 132 oak panels on the face of the gallery. The units in England consisted of: Director of Supplies and Transport in London; C.A.S.C. Depot in Borden; C.A.S.C. Detachments at Bordon, Witley, Bramshott, Seaford, East Sussex and Shorncliffe, Kent; Canadian Salvage Corps Detachments at Witley, Bramshott, Seaford, East Sussex and Shorncliffe, Kent. The units in France consisted of: HQ Canadian Base HT and Supply Company; HQ, Canadian Base MT Detachment; Nos. 1 and 2 Canadian Army Auxiliary HT Company; C.A.S.C. Reinforcing Pool; Nos. 1 to 3 Canadian Railhead Supply Detachments; 1st Divisional Train (Nos. 1 to 4 Companies); 2nd Divisional Train (Nos. 5 to 8 Companies); 3rd Divisional Train (Nos. 9 to 12 Companies); 5th Divisional Train Detachment; Canadian Corps Troops MT Company; 1st to 4th Canadian Divisional MT Company; Canadian Engineers MT Company 8th Army CFA Bde Park Section; Nos. 1 to 3 Canadian Field Butchery; Nos. 1 to 4 Canadian Field Bakery; and Nos. 1 to 15 Depot Units of Supply. The units of the Canadian Siberian Expeditionary Force Vladivostok consisted of: No.1 Divisional Train Company; Nos. 16 and 17 Depot Units of Supply; 5th Field Bakery; 5th Field Butchery and the MT Section.{{off topic paragraph |reason=The article is about the building; |date=September 2012}}[5] Coats of armsNineteen coats of arms tell the story of Canada's experience during the First World War. The first four brigades of the Canada Corps trained in Valcartier and Quebec City. The Corps landed in Devonport, Devon, in Plymouth Sound. After spending the winter on the Salisbury Plain, they crossed to France. Major battles fought by the corps were the following: Battle of Mount Sorrel; Battle of Flers-Courcelette; Battle of Morval; Battle of Thiepval; Battle of Le Transloy; Battle of the Ancre Heights; Battle of Vimy Ridge; Battle of Arleux; Third Battle of the Scarpe; Battle of Hill 70; Second Battle of Passchendaele; Battle of Cambrai (1917); Battle of Amiens; Second Battle of the Somme; Battle of the Canal du Nord (including the capture of Bourlon Wood); Battle of Cambrai: October 8–9 (including the Capture of Cambrai). The corps returned to Canada through the ports of Boulogne-sur-Mer, Paris and London.{{off topic paragraph |section |reason=The article is about the building; this section is about coats of arms; neither are mentioned |date=September 2012}}[6] Provincial ShieldsEdwin Tappan Adney, who had served as engineering officer at the Royal Military College of Canada 1916-1919, created a set of three-dimensional shields of the Canadian provinces that adorn Currie Hall. ArtworkIn 1947, Emily Warren's two large, {{convert|6.5|x|11.5|ft|m|abbr=on}}, canvasses entitled Canada's Tribute, The Great War 1914–1919 and Placing the Canadian Colours on Wolf's Monument in Westminster Abbey. Canada's Tribute was hung in the Currie Memorial Hall at RMC. The paintings depict the 52 sets of colours, standards and guidons being placed for safekeeping on the Wolfe Monument in Westminster Abbey. The paintings were initially hung in the Canadian Parliament Buildings. In 2010, thirty one paintings of Canadian war memorials by F.A. (Tex) Dawson were unveiled outside Currie Hall. Memorial staircaseAs you enter the Mackenzie Building, which is connected to the Currie Building, you immediately see a staircase which was designated the memorial stairway after the First World War by RMC Cadet #151 Sir Archibald Cameron Macdonell, RMC Commandant 1919-1925. The staircase is decorated with the photographs of 358 alumni including Captain Nichola Goddard who had died in military service. Memorial and Commemorative Stained Glass windowsOutside Currie Hall, stained glass windows feature images of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets, Navy League Cadet Corps (Canada) and Navy League Wrennette Corp. In memory of David H. Gibson, C.B.E. National President, Navy League of Canada, 1938-1952 a stained glass window features images of a young sailor and God behind the ships' wheel. The window is dedicated to Canadians who in defence of the country went down to the sea in ships. The window includes a poem by H.R. Gillarm: {{poemquote|Proudly in ships they sailed to seaAhead their goal, perhaps eternity But with God as their pilot they had no fear Facing all danger as their course was clear Their cargo? The record of their life Some good, some bad, some peace, some strife.[7]}} Outside Currie Hall, on the first floor, two stained glass windows feature images of a military saint holding a staff and a shield and a military saint with a horse and three angels. The subject of the middle window is Truth Duty Valour, Royal Military College of Canada with the College shield and armour.[7]
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historicplaces.ca/visit-visite/affichage-display.aspx?id=4389 |title=Currie building Registry of Historic Places of Canada |language=French |publisher= |accessdate= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109143712/http://www.historicplaces.ca/visit-visite/affichage-display.aspx?id=4389 |archivedate=January 9, 2009 }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/comm/vedette-features/2010-11-16-00-eng.html|title=The Official Government Sculptor - a job steeped in tradition|publisher=Public Works and Government Services Canada|accessdate=2012-09-26}} 3. ^{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Preston|title=Canada's RMC: A History of the Royal Military College|location=Toronto|publisher=|year=1969|isbn=}} 4. ^{{cite speech|url=http://www.gg.ca/media/doc.asp?lang=e&DocID=4295|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090226001034/http://www.gg.ca/media/doc.asp?lang=e&DocID=4295|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2009-02-26|first=John Ralston, JD|last=Saul|event=Young Memorial Lecture delivered to Faculty and Cadets|title=A New Era Of Irregular Warfare?|location=Royal Military College Kingston, Ontario|date=|accessdate=|df=}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://rcasc.org/rcasc_hist_units_02.html|title=CASC/RCASC Units and Locations|first=W.E., Major|last=Campbell|publisher=Royal Canadian Army Service Corps|accessdate=2012-09-26}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gcinfo.ca/currie.htm |title=Currie Hall |last=Curtis |first=Greg |accessdate=2012-09-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306170704/http://www.gcinfo.ca/currie.htm |archivedate=2012-03-06 |df= }}{{unreliable source? |date=September 2012}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|first=Mitchell, Major (Ret) (RMC 1965)|last=Kryzanowski|title=Currie Hall: Memorial to the Canadian Corps|location=Kingston|publisher=Hewson and White|year=1989|ref=harv}}
4 : Heritage sites in Ontario|Buildings and structures in Kingston, Ontario|Royal Military College of Canada|Percy Erskine Nobbs buildings |
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