| 释义 |
- Function
- Applications
- References
- Further reading
- External links
{{Infobox_gene}}Cytoglobin is the protein product of CYGB, a human and mammalian gene.[1]Cytoglobin is a globin molecule ubiquitously expressed in all tissues and most notably utilized in marine mammals. It was discovered in 2001[1] and named cytoglobin in 2002.[2] It is thought to protect against hypoxia. The predicted function of cytoglobin is the transfer of oxygen from arterial blood to the brain.[3] Function Cytoglobin is a ubiquitously expressed hexacoordinate hemoglobin that may facilitate diffusion of oxygen through tissues, scavenge nitric oxide or reactive oxygen species, or serve a protective function during oxidative stress.[4][5] Applications CYGB expression can be used as a specific marker with which hepatic stellate cells can be distinguished from portal myofibroblasts in the damaged human liver.[6] References 1. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Kawada N, Kristensen DB, Asahina K, Nakatani K, Minamiyama Y, Seki S, Yoshizato K | title = Characterization of a stellate cell activation-associated protein (STAP) with peroxidase activity found in rat hepatic stellate cells | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 27 | pages = 25318–23 | date = Jul 2001 | pmid = 11320098 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M102630200 }}
2. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Burmester T, Ebner B, Weich B, Hankeln T | title = Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume = 19 | issue = 4 | pages = 416–21 | date = Apr 2002 | pmid = 11919282 | doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004096 }}
3. ^{{cite web | title = Why Diving Marine Mammals Resist Brain Damage from Low Oxygen| url= https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/12/071218192033.htm | work = ScienceDaily | date = 20 December 2007 }}
4. ^1 {{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CYGB cytoglobin| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=114757 }}
5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Trent JT, Hargrove MS | title = A ubiquitously expressed human hexacoordinate hemoglobin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 22 | pages = 19538–45 | date = May 2002 | pmid = 11893755 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M201934200 }}
6. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Motoyama H, Komiya T, Thuy le TT, Tamori A, Enomoto M, Morikawa H, Iwai S, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Fujii H, Hagihara A, Kawamura E, Murakami Y, Yoshizato K, Kawada N | title = Cytoglobin is expressed in hepatic stellate cells, but not in myofibroblasts, in normal and fibrotic human liver | journal = Laboratory Investigation | volume = 94 | issue = 2 | pages = 192–207 | date = Feb 2014 | pmid = 24296877 | doi = 10.1038/labinvest.2013.135 }}
Further reading {{refbegin | 2}}- {{cite journal | vauthors = Kawada N, Kristensen DB, Asahina K, Nakatani K, Minamiyama Y, Seki S, Yoshizato K | title = Characterization of a stellate cell activation-associated protein (STAP) with peroxidase activity found in rat hepatic stellate cells | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 27 | pages = 25318–23 | date = Jul 2001 | pmid = 11320098 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M102630200 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Burmester T, Ebner B, Weich B, Hankeln T | title = Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume = 19 | issue = 4 | pages = 416–21 | date = Apr 2002 | pmid = 11919282 | doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004096 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Asahina K, Kawada N, Kristensen DB, Nakatani K, Seki S, Shiokawa M, Tateno C, Obara M, Yoshizato K | title = Characterization of human stellate cell activation-associated protein and its expression in human liver | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta | volume = 1577 | issue = 3 | pages = 471–5 | date = Sep 2002 | pmid = 12359339 | doi = 10.1016/s0167-4781(02)00477-3 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Sawai H, Kawada N, Yoshizato K, Nakajima H, Aono S, Shiro Y | title = Characterization of the heme environmental structure of cytoglobin, a fourth globin in humans | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 42 | issue = 17 | pages = 5133–42 | date = May 2003 | pmid = 12718557 | doi = 10.1021/bi027067e }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Geuens E, Brouns I, Flamez D, Dewilde S, Timmermans JP, Moens L | title = A globin in the nucleus! | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 278 | issue = 33 | pages = 30417–20 | date = Aug 2003 | pmid = 12796507 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C300203200 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Hamdane D, Kiger L, Dewilde S, Green BN, Pesce A, Uzan J, Burmester T, Hankeln T, Bolognesi M, Moens L, Marden MC | title = The redox state of the cell regulates the ligand binding affinity of human neuroglobin and cytoglobin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 278 | issue = 51 | pages = 51713–21 | date = Dec 2003 | pmid = 14530264 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M309396200 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Schmidt M, Gerlach F, Avivi A, Laufs T, Wystub S, Simpson JC, Nevo E, Saaler-Reinhardt S, Reuss S, Hankeln T, Burmester T | title = Cytoglobin is a respiratory protein in connective tissue and neurons, which is up-regulated by hypoxia | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 9 | pages = 8063–9 | date = Feb 2004 | pmid = 14660570 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M310540200 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Hünermund G, Schirmacher A, Ringelstein B, Young P, Watts GD, Meuleman J, Nelis E, Chance PF, Timmerman V, Stögbauer F, Kuhlenbäumer G | title = Genomic organization and mutation analysis of three candidate genes for hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy | journal = Muscle & Nerve | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 601–4 | date = Apr 2004 | pmid = 15052627 | doi = 10.1002/mus.20009 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = de Sanctis D, Dewilde S, Pesce A, Moens L, Ascenzi P, Hankeln T, Burmester T, Bolognesi M | title = Crystal structure of cytoglobin: the fourth globin type discovered in man displays heme hexa-coordination | journal = Journal of Molecular Biology | volume = 336 | issue = 4 | pages = 917–27 | date = Feb 2004 | pmid = 15095869 | doi = 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.063 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Sugimoto H, Makino M, Sawai H, Kawada N, Yoshizato K, Shiro Y | title = Structural basis of human cytoglobin for ligand binding | journal = Journal of Molecular Biology | volume = 339 | issue = 4 | pages = 873–85 | date = Jun 2004 | pmid = 15165856 | doi = 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.04.024 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Fago A, Hundahl C, Dewilde S, Gilany K, Moens L, Weber RE | title = Allosteric regulation and temperature dependence of oxygen binding in human neuroglobin and cytoglobin. Molecular mechanisms and physiological significance | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 43 | pages = 44417–26 | date = Oct 2004 | pmid = 15299006 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M407126200 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Hamdane D, Kiger L, Dewilde S, Uzan J, Burmester T, Hankeln T, Moens L, Marden MC | title = Hyperthermal stability of neuroglobin and cytoglobin | journal = The FEBS Journal | volume = 272 | issue = 8 | pages = 2076–84 | date = Apr 2005 | pmid = 15819897 | doi = 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04635.x }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Sawai H, Makino M, Mizutani Y, Ohta T, Sugimoto H, Uno T, Kawada N, Yoshizato K, Kitagawa T, Shiro Y | title = Structural characterization of the proximal and distal histidine environment of cytoglobin and neuroglobin | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 44 | issue = 40 | pages = 13257–65 | date = Oct 2005 | pmid = 16201751 | doi = 10.1021/bi050997o }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Shaw RJ, Liloglou T, Rogers SN, Brown JS, Vaughan ED, Lowe D, Field JK, Risk JM | title = Promoter methylation of P16, RARbeta, E-cadherin, cyclin A1 and cytoglobin in oral cancer: quantitative evaluation using pyrosequencing | journal = British Journal of Cancer | volume = 94 | issue = 4 | pages = 561–8 | date = Feb 2006 | pmid = 16449996 | pmc = 2361183 | doi = 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602972 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = McRonald FE, Liloglou T, Xinarianos G, Hill L, Rowbottom L, Langan JE, Ellis A, Shaw JM, Field JK, Risk JM | title = Down-regulation of the cytoglobin gene, located on 17q25, in tylosis with oesophageal cancer (TOC): evidence for trans-allele repression | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 15 | issue = 8 | pages = 1271–7 | date = Apr 2006 | pmid = 16510494 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/ddl042 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Xinarianos G, McRonald FE, Risk JM, Bowers NL, Nikolaidis G, Field JK, Liloglou T | title = Frequent genetic and epigenetic abnormalities contribute to the deregulation of cytoglobin in non-small cell lung cancer | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 15 | issue = 13 | pages = 2038–44 | date = Jul 2006 | pmid = 16698880 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/ddl128 }}
{{refend}} External links {{PDB Gallery|geneid=114757}}{{Hemeproteins}}{{gene-17-stub}} 1 : Hemoproteins |