| 词条 | Hugh Lofting |
| 释义 |
| name = Hugh John Lofting | image = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1886|1|14}} | birth_place = Maidenhead, Berkshire, England | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1947|9|26|1886|1|14}} | death_place = Topanga, California | occupation = Novelist, Poet | genre = Children's literature, Fantasy | movement = | notableworks = Doctor Dolittle | awards = {{awd |Newbery Medal |1923}} | relatives = Hilary Lofting (brother) | influences = | influenced = | website = | module = {{Infobox military person | embed=yes |nickname= |allegiance= {{flag|United Kingdom}} |branch= British Army |serviceyears= 1914–1918 |rank= |unit= Irish Guards |commands= |battles=World War I |awards= |relations= }} Hugh John Lofting (14 January 1886 – 26 September 1947) was a British author, trained as a civil engineer, who created the character of Doctor Dolittle, one of the classics of children's literature.[1] Doctor Dolittle first appeared in the author's illustrated letters to his children, written from the trenches while serving in the British Army during World War I. Personal lifeLofting was born in Maidenhead, Berkshire in January 1886 to parents of English and Irish ancestry. His eldest brother was Hilary Lofting, who later became a novelist in Australia, having emigrated there in 1915. Hugh Lofting was educated at Mount St Mary's College in Spinkhill, Derbyshire. From 1905 to 1906 he studied abroad, studying civil engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the US.[2][3] He travelled widely as a civil engineer, before enlisting in the Irish Guards regiment of the British Army to serve in the First World War. Not wishing to write to his children about the brutality of the war, he wrote imaginative letters which later became the foundation of the successful Doctor Dolittle novels for children. Seriously wounded in the war, in 1919 Lofting moved with his family to Killingworth, Connecticut, in the US.[4] He was married three times and had three children, one of whom, his son Christopher, is the executor of his literary estate. Lofting commented, "For years it was a constant source of shock to me to find my writings amongst 'juveniles'. It does not bother me any more now, but I still feel there should be a category of 'seniles' to offset the epithet."[5] Doctor Dolittle{{main|Doctor Dolittle}}Hugh Lofting's character Doctor John Dolittle, an English physician from Puddleby-on-the-Marsh in the West Country, who could speak to animals, first saw light in the author's illustrated letters to children, written from the trenches during the War of 1914 to 1918, when actual news, he later said, was either too horrible or too dull. The stories are set in early Victorian England in the 1820s-1840s (The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle gives a date of 1839). He lived in Killingworth, Connecticut while writing most of the installments to the series.[5] The Story of Doctor Dolittle: Being the History of His Peculiar Life at Home and Astonishing Adventures in Foreign Parts Never Before Printed (1920) began the series and won the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1958. The sequel The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922) won Lofting the prestigious Newbery Medal. Eight more books followed, and after Lofting's death two more volumes appeared, composed of short previously unpublished pieces. The internal chronology of the books is somewhat different from the publishing order. The first book is followed by Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923), Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924) and Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926). Only then follows the second book, The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922), continued by Doctor Dolittle's Zoo (1925). After that, the publishing order is restored; Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927) is followed by Doctor Dolittle in the Moon (1928) and Doctor Dolittle's Return (1933), ending with Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake (1948).[5] The series has been adapted for film and television many times, for stage twice, and for radio too. Other works for childrenThe Story of Mrs Tubbs (1923) and Tommy, Tilly, and Mrs. Tubbs (1936) are picture books aimed at a younger audience than the Doctor Dolittle books. They are about the old woman of the title and her pets, with whom she can speak, and the animals who help her out of trouble. Porridge Poetry (1924) is the only non-Dolittle work by Lofting still in print. It is a lighthearted, colorfully illustrated book for poems children. Noisy Nora (1929) is a cautionary tale about a girl who is a noisy eater. The book is printed as if hand-written, and the many illustrations often merge with the text. The Twilight of Magic (1930) is aimed at older readers. It is set in an age when magic is dying and science is beginning. This work is the only one of Lofting's books to be illustrated by another person (Lois Lenski).[5]Victory for the SlainVictory for the Slain (1942) is Lofting's only work for adults, a single long poem in seven parts about the futility of war; the refrain "In war the only victors are the slain" permeates the poem. It was published only in the United Kingdom.[5]Works{{biblio|date=April 2012}}
References1. ^"Hugh Lofting". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 19 December 2009. 2. ^{{cite journal | journal=Bulletin of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology | title=Register of Students | date=December 1905 | volume=41 | issue=1 | page=386 | url=https://dome.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.3/82746/AC0598_001906.pdf?sequence=1 | access-date=July 25, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web | title=150 Years in the Stacks – Year 60 – 1920: The Story of Doctor Dolittle by Hugh Lofting | publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries | url=https://libraries.mit.edu/150books/2011/03/07/1920/ | access-date=July 25, 2017}} 4. ^Pietrzyk, Cindi. [https://books.google.com/books?id=b_h0XsFAQmAC&pg=PA157 Connecticut Off the Beaten Path], p. 157 (Globe Pequot, 2013). 5. ^1 2 3 4 Schmidt, G.D.(1992). Hugh Lofting. New York: Twayne Publishing External links{{wikisourceauthor}}{{Portal|Children's literature |Fantasy}}
14 : 1886 births|1947 deaths|People from Maidenhead|20th-century English novelists|British children's book illustrators|Doctor Dolittle|English children's writers|Writers who illustrated their own writing|People educated at Mount St Mary's College|Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni|Irish Guards officers|Artists' Rifles soldiers|British Army personnel of World War I|Newbery Medal winners |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。