| 词条 | Daniel Guérin |
| 释义 |
| name = Daniel Guérin | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date |1904|05|19}} | birth_place = Paris | death_date = {{death date and age |1988|04|14 |1904|05|19}} | death_place = Suresnes | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = French | fields = | workplaces = | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = | known_for = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} Daniel Guérin ({{IPA-fr|ɡeʁɛ̃|lang}}; 19 May 1904 in Paris – 14 April 1988 in Suresnes) was a French anarcho-communist author, best known for his work From Theory to Practice, as well as his collection An Anthology of Anarchism in which he collected writings on the idea and movement it inspired, from the first writings of Max Stirner in the mid-19th century through the first half of the 20th century. He is also known for his opposition to Nazism, fascism and colonialism, in addition to his support for the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT) during the Spanish Civil War. His revolutionary defense of free love and homosexuality influenced the development of queer anarchism. CGT, PSOP, and Libertarian Marxism{{Libertarian socialism}}Guérin was born in a liberal Parisian family.[1] Early on, he started political activism in the revolutionary syndicalist magazine La Révolution prolétarienne of Pierre Monatte. He abandoned university and a literary career in 1926, traveling to Lebanon (1927–1929) and French Indochina (1929–1930) and became a passionate opponent of colonial ventures.[1] LGBTI activismThe writings of the French bisexual anarchist Daniel Guérin offer an insight into the tension sexual minorities among the Left have often felt. He was a leading figure in the French Left from the 1930s until his death in 1988. He contributed to the homophile journal Arcadie.[1] In 1954, Guérin was widely attacked for his study of the Kinsey Reports in which he also detailed the oppression of homosexuals in France. "The harshest [criticisms] came from Marxists, who tend seriously to underestimate the form of oppression which is antisexual terrorism. I expected it, of course, and I knew that in publishing my book I was running the risk of being attacked by those to whom I feel closest on a political level."[2] After coming out in 1965, Guérin was abandoned by the Left, and his papers on sexual liberation were censored or refused publication in left-wing journals.[3] Guérin was involved in the uprising of May 1968, and was a part of the French Gay Liberation movement that emerged after the events. Decades later, Frédéric Martel described Guérin as the "grandfather of the French homosexual movement."[4] Guérin spoke about the extreme hostility toward homosexuality that permeated the left throughout much of the 20th century.[5] "Not so many years ago, to declare oneself a revolutionary and to confess to being homosexual were incompatible," Guérin wrote in 1975.[6] Works
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Bill Marshall|title=France and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History : a Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jfq5Tp0nq98C&pg=PA541|year=2005|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-85109-411-0|pages=541–}} 2. ^Letter of 27 May 1955, Fonds Guérin, BDIC, F° Δ 721/carton 12/4, quoted in Chaperon, ‘Le fonds Daniel Guérin et l’histoire de la sexualité’ in Journal de la BDIC, no.5 (June 2002), p.10 3. ^{{cite web | url=https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/david-berry-for-a-dialectic-of-homosexuality-and-revolution | title=For a dialectic of homosexuality and revolution | publisher=The Anarchist Library | work=Paper for "Conference on "Socialism and Sexuality. Past and present of radical sexual politics", Amsterdam, 3–4 October 2003 | accessdate=November 5, 2017 | author=Berry, David}} 4. ^Frédéric Martel, Le rose et le noir. Les homosexuels en France depuis 1968 (Paris : Seuil, 2000), pp.46. 5. ^*The Parti Communiste Français was "hysterically intransigent as far as ’moral behaviour’ was concerned" (Aragon, victime et profiteur du tabou, in Gai Pied Hebdo, 4 June 1983, reproduced in Homosexualité et Révolution, pp. 62-3, quote p. 63.); * The trotskyist Pierre Lambert's OCI was "completely hysterical with regard to homosexuality"; Lutte ouvrire was theoretically opposed to homosexuality; as was the Ligue communiste, despite their belatedly paying lip service to gay lib. (à confesse, Interview with Gérard Ponthieu in Sexpol no. 1 (20 January 1975), pp.10-14.) * Together, Guérin argued, such groups bore a great deal of responsibility for fostering homophobic attitudes among the working class as late as the 1970s. Their attitude was "the most blinkered, the most reactionary, the most antiscientific". (Etre homosexuel et révolutionnaire, La Quinzaine littéraire, no. 215, no. spécial : ‘Les homosexualités’ (August 1975), pp. 9-10. Quote p. 10) 6. ^Guérin, Daniel. 1975. "Etre homosexuel et révolutionnaire", {{ill|La Quinzaine littéraire|fr}}, no. 215, no. spécial : ‘Les homosexualités’ (August 1975), pp. 9-10. Further reading{{refbegin}}
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30 : 1904 births|1988 deaths|Writers from Paris|French Section of the Workers' International politicians|Workers and Peasants' Socialist Party politicians|Unified Socialist Party (France) politicians|Libertarian socialists|French anarchists|French communists|French socialists|French Trotskyists|Queer anarchism|Bisexual men|Bisexual politicians|Bisexual writers|Historians of fascism|Historians of Nazism|French essayists|French historians|Historians of anarchism|Historians of the French Revolution|Historians of France|LGBT rights activists from France|French Marxist historians|Marxist theorists|French people of the Spanish Civil War|French male writers|Male essayists|LGBT anarchists|20th-century essayists |
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