| 词条 | David B. Allison |
| 释义 |
| name = David Bradley Allison | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = David B. Allison, September 2014.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = David B. Allison speaking at an awards presentation | birth_date = 1963 | birth_place = New York City[1] | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = Biostatistics | workplaces = Indiana University, Bloomington | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = Vassar College, Hofstra University | thesis_title = Toward an empirically derived typology of obese persons | thesis_url = https://www.worldcat.org/title/toward-an-empirically-derived-typology-of-obese-persons/oclc/22349096&referer=brief_results | thesis_year = 1990 | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = | influences = | influenced = | awards = Lilly Scientific Achievement Award from the Obesity Society (2002), Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics and Engineering Mentoring,[1] Mark Bieber Award from the American College of Nutrition in 2016.[2] | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} David Bradley Allison (born 1963) is an American obesity researcher, biostatistician, and psychologist. He is the Dean of The Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington [3] and one of the top 10 scientists in the world awarded the most NIH grants.[4] Allison was previously Distinguished Professor, Quetelet Endowed Professor, and Director of the NIH-funded Nutrition Obesity Research Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). CareerEducation
According to data analyzed by the journal Nature, Allison has ranked in the top 10 for most federally funded grants.[5] Allison has been described as one of the leading skeptics regarding commonly issued nutrition advice.[6] Author Judith Stern wrote "He is also known for challenging conventional ideas, exploring novel hypotheses, and holding himself and others to rigorous standards of evidence."[1] Although Allison has had some critics regarding his stance on questioning the link between consuming any one particular food and obesity, he has been defended by others and praised for his strong adherence to solid scientific practice.[7][8][9] Allison was the founding Field Chief Editor of Frontiers in Genetics, finishing his term in 2017.[10] Allison is a fellow of the National Academy of Medicine, and was recently appointed to the Academy of Europe.[11][12] He also serves as a frequent consultant and expert witness in the legal setting.[13] Promotion of scientific rigorThe New England Journal of Medicine published an article by Allison's group that details myths and presumptions about obesity, and that the scientific community must be open and honest with the public regarding the state of knowledge and should rigorously evaluate unproved strategies.[14] In a 2016 article in the journal Nature, Allison and his colleagues found that mistakes in peer-reviewed papers are easy to find, but hard to fix.[15] Allison has been funded by the National Institutes of Health to teach courses on identifying causal relations in the study of obesity, and exploring traditional and non-traditional techniques that give investigators a broad spectrum of approaches for intervention and preventative treatment of obesity.[16] The National Institutes of Health is currently funding Allison to explore statistical tools to improve research reproducibility, replicability, and generalizability so as to contribute broadly to fostering fundamental creative discoveries, innovative research strategies, and promoting the highest level of scientific integrity in the conduct of science.[17] Allison was a speaker and lead organizer for the Reproducibility of Research and Issues of Analysis at the Arthur M. Sackler COLLOQUIA of the National Academy of Sciences in March 2017.[18] The American Statistical Association awarded Dr. Allison the 2018 Harry V. Roberts Statistical Advocate of the Year Award for "Distinguished and longstanding contributions in sound methodology, research integrity, and clear exposition of complex statistical concepts, especially in the globally important fields of nutrition and obesity."[19] Skepticism and counter skepticismIn 2008, Allison resigned as president-elect of the Obesity Society after signing an affidavit (expert report) stating that there was insufficient scientific evidence available to determine whether a proposed a law to require calorie counts to be listed on restaurant menus would be effective in reducing obesity levels. The New York Times reported that Allison's affidavit "ran counter to the conventional thinking in his field" and provoked criticism from some members of the Society.[13] In 2011, ABC News ran a story about Allison. The story quoted him as saying there was too little "solid evidence" to support a link between soft drink consumption and obesity. The article noted that "...critics say his skepticism stems from his financial ties to entities such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi and the American Beverage Association..."[20] Allison was featured in the 2014 documentary film Fed Up, produced and hosted by Katie Couric, which criticized him for being funded by food companies. Allison responded that "the film-makers' behavior seems counter to thoughtful dialogue," and the film's producers have since been reproached and investigated for deceptive editing practices.[21][22][23] Alan Levinovitz praises Allison in his book “The Gluten Lie”,[24] which discusses the harm that results from what Allison has described as “white-hat bias.” [25] References1. ^1 2 {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DaaRl5BZFLgC | title=Obesity: A Reference Handbook | publisher=ABC-CLIO | author=Stern, Judith | year=2009 | pages=148}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.americancollegeofnutrition.org/awards|title= Mark Bieber Award|work=americancollegeofnutrition.org}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://news.iu.edu/stories/2017/06/iub/releases/16-sph-dean-announcement.html|title=IU School of Public Health-Bloomington names new dean: David B. Allison}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nature.com/news/2008/080319/pdf/452258a.pdf|title=222 NIH grants: 22 researchers}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nature.com/news/2008/080319/pdf/452258a.pdf|title=NIH Grants|work=nature.com}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/latest-columns/20150529-peter-whoriskey-why-were-so-confused-about-healthy-food.ece|title=Peter Whoriskey: Why we’re so confused about healthy food|work=dallasnews.com}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2015/02/10/feds-poised-to-withdraw-longstanding-warnings-about-dietary-cholesterol|title= Feds about to withdraw warnings concerning cholesterol|work=washingtonpost.com}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevorbutterworth/2011/06/22/abc-news-attacks-scientist-who-exposed-bias-in-obesity-research|title= Scientist Exposes Bias in Obesity Research|work=forbes.com}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevorbutterworth/2011/09/02/abcs-persecution-of-presidential-award-winning-scientist-continues|title=Presidential Award Winning Scientist has the last word|work=forbes.com}} 10. ^[https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genetics#about] 11. ^ 12. ^ 13. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/business/04obese.html?_r=0 | title=Menu Fight Over Calories Leads Doctor to Reject Post | work=New York Times | date=4 March 2008 | accessdate=4 August 2015 | author=Saul, Stephanie}} 14. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMsa1208051#t=article | title=Myths, Presumptions, and Facts about Obesity | work=New England Journal of Medicine | date=20 February 2013}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nature.com/news/reproducibility-a-tragedy-of-errors-1.19264 | title=Reproducibility: A Tragedy of Errors | work=Nature | date=3 February 2016}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.norc.uab.edu/courses/causal_inference_shortcourse/second | title=Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=8973927&icde=30298506&ddparam=&ddvalue=&ddsub=&cr=7&csb=default&cs=ASC | title=Beyond textbook, yet simple, statistical tools for reproducible animal research}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/sackler-colloquia/completed_colloquia/Reproducibility_of_Research.html | title=Reproducibility of Research: Issues and Proposed Remedies}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.amstat.org/ASA/Your-Career/Awards/Harry-V-Roberts-Statistical-Advocate-of-the-Year-Award.aspx | title=Harry V. Roberts Statistical Advocate of the Year Award}} 20. ^{{cite web | url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/big-food-money-accused-influencing-science/story?id=13845186 | title=Is 'Big Food's' Big Money Influencing the Science of Nutrition? | work=ABC News | date=21 June 2011 | accessdate=4 August 2015 | author=Harris, Dan}} 21. ^{{cite web | url=http://reason.com/archives/2014/05/17/fed-up-with-fed-up | title=What Fed Up Gets Wrong About the Food Industry | work=Reason | date=17 May 2014 | accessdate=4 August 2015 | author=Linnekin, Baylen}} 22. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2016/06/09/katie-couric-now-accused-deceptive-editing-for-2014s-fed-up.html | title=Fox News Report on Deceptive Editing|work=foxnews.com}} 23. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.npr.org/2016/05/26/479655743/manipulative-editing-reflects-poorly-on-couric-and-her-gun-documentary | title=NPR Reports on Manipulative Editing|work=npr.org}} 24. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.foodbusinessnews.net/articles/news_home/Consumer_Trends/2015/06/Gluten_Lie_an_enlightening_loo.aspx?ID=%7B9494E0FC-8B30-4BB1-837B-7E97DF23F164%7D&page=2&cck=1 | title='Gluten Lie' an enlightening look into confused world of nutrition|work=foodbusinessnews.net}} 25. ^{{cite journal | title=White Hat Bias: Examples of its Presence in Obesity Research and a Call for Renewed Commitment to Faithfulness in Research Reporting | pmc=2815336 | pmid=19949416 | doi=10.1038/ijo.2009.239 | volume=34 | year=2010 | journal=Int J Obes (Lond) | pages=84–88; discussion 83 | author=Cope MB, Allison DB}} External links
10 : 1963 births|Living people|American geneticists|Statistical geneticists|Vassar College alumni|Hofstra University alumni|Johns Hopkins University alumni|Fellows of the American Statistical Association|Columbia University fellows|Obesity researchers |
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