| 词条 | Dayr al-Hawa |
| 释义 |
| name = Dayr al-Hawa | native_name = دير الهوا | native_name_lang = ar | settlement_type = Village | etymology = The Monastery of the Wind[1] | pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_mapsize = 200 | coordinates = {{coord|31|45|05|N|35|02|14|E|type:city_region:IL|display=inline,title}} | grid_name = Palestine grid | grid_position = 153/128 | subdivision_type = Geopolitical entity | subdivision_name = Mandatory Palestine | subdivision_type1 = Subdistrict | subdivision_name1 = Jerusalem | established_title1 = Date of depopulation | established_date1 = October 19–20, 1948[2] | established_title2 = Repopulated dates | unit_pref = dunam | area_total_dunam = 5,907 | population_as_of = 1945 | population_total = 60[3][4][5] | blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation | blank_info_sec1 = Military assault by Yishuv forces }} Dayr al-Hawa ({{lang-ar|دير الهوا}}) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. The village was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on October 19, 1948 by the Fourth Battalion of the Har'el Brigade of Operation ha-Har. It was located 18.5 km west of Jerusalem. HistoryCoins and ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here.[6] Ottoman eraIn 1838, Edward Robinson called it a "lofty" village, on the brink of a valley.[7] It was further noted as a Muslim village, located in the District of el-Arkub, southwest of Jerusalem.[8] Victor Guérin, visiting the village in 1863, wrote that Dayr al-Hawa "probably owes its name, monastery of the wind, to its high position," as it was situated on a steep mountain overlooking the Soreq valley, rising some 2,275 feet (700 meters) above sea level.[9]An Ottoman village list from around 1870 showed that Der el-Hawa had 32 houses and a population of 103, though the population count included men, only.[10][11] In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described it as "a village standing high, on a knoll rising from a high ridge, with a deep valley to the north. It has several high houses in it. On the west is a good spring. The ground is covered with brushwood all round the place."[12] In 1896 the population of Der el-hawa was estimated to be about 162 persons.[13] British Mandate eraIn the 1922 census of Palestine conducted i by the British Mandate authorities, Dair al-Hawa had a population of 38 residents; all Muslims,[14] increasing in the 1931 census to 47 inhabitants, in 11 houses.[15] In the 1945 statistics the village had a population of 60 Muslims,[4] with a total of 5,907 dunums of land.[5] Of this, 58 dunams were for irrigable land or plantations, 1,565 for cereals,[16] while 4 dunams were built-up land.[17] A mosque was located in the western part of the village and there was a shrine for a local sage known as al-Shaykh Sulayman. Near the ruins of the old village now stands the Israeli moshav, Nes Harim,[18] however, it is not on village land. (It is on the land of Bayt 'Itab.)[19] During the 1948 it was defended by the local militia and the Egyptian Army/Muslim Brotherhood Battalion. See also
References1. ^Palmer, 1881, [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/293/mode/1up p.293] 2. ^Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR20 xx], village #339. Also gives cause of depopulation. 3. ^Khalidi, 1992, p. 285 4. ^1 Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 24 5. ^1 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 56 6. ^Dauphin, 1998, p. 908 7. ^Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n348/mode/1up 326], [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n362/mode/1up 340], [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n364/mode/1up 342] 8. ^Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/125/mode/1up 125] 9. ^Guerin, 1869, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr06gugoog#page/n334/mode/1up 321] 10. ^Socin, 1879, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/152/mode/1up 152] It was noted in the Hebron district 11. ^Hartmann, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n953/mode/1up 145] also showed 32 houses 12. ^Conder and Kitchener, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp03conduoft#page/24/mode/1up 24] 13. ^Schick, 1896, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde19deut#page/n232/mode/1up 125] 14. ^Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n23/mode/1up 21] 15. ^Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 19] 16. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 102 17. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 152 18. ^Zvi Dror, Har'el: Palmach brigade in Jerusalem, Ha-kibbutz ha-meuchad 2005, p. 269 (Hebrew) 19. ^Khalidi, 1992, p. 286 Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links
2 : Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War|District of Jerusalem |
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