请输入您要查询的百科知识:

 

词条 Hydroxycarbamide
释义

  1. Medical uses

  2. Side effects

  3. Mechanism of action

  4. Names

  5. Natural occurrence

  6. Chemistry

  7. Pharmacology

  8. References

{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 458281479
| IUPAC_name = Hydroxyurea
| image = Hydroxyurea.svg
| width = 140
| alt = Structural formula
| image2 = Hydroxyurea-3D-balls.png
| tradename = Droxia, Hydrea, others
| USAN = Hydroxyurea
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|hydroxycarbamide}}
| MedlinePlus = a682004
| licence_EU = yes
| licence_US = Hydroxyurea
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_US = D
| legal_AU = S4
| legal_CA = Rx-only
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = by mouth
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism = liver (to CO2 and urea)
| elimination_half-life = 2–4 hours
| excretion = Renal and lungs
| IUPHAR_ligand = 6822
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 127-07-1
| ATC_prefix = L01
| ATC_suffix = XX05
| ATC_supplemental =
| PubChem = 3657
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB01005
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 3530
| NIAID_ChemDB = 006310
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = X6Q56QN5QC
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00341
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 44423
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 467
| C=1 | H=4 | N=2 | O=2
| molecular_weight = 76.0547 g/mol
| smiles = O=C(N)NO
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/CH4N2O2/c2-1(4)3-5/h5H,(H3,2,3,4)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| melting_point = 133
| melting_high = 136
}}Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication used in sickle-cell disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia, cervical cancer, and polycythemia vera.[1] In sickle-cell disease it increases hemoglobin and decreases the number of attacks. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, fevers, loss of appetite, psychiatric problems, shortness of breath, and headaches.[1] There is also concern that it increases the risk of later cancers. Use during pregnancy is typically harmful to the baby. Hydroxycarbamide is in the antineoplastic family of medications.Hydroxycarbamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1967.{{cite web|title=Hydroxyurea|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/hydroxyurea.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate= 8 December 2016}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)|url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=8 December 2016|date=April 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213052708/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|archivedate=13 December 2016|df=}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Hydroxycarbamide|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=408&searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=8 December 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072327/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=408&searchYear=2014|archivedate=22 January 2018|df=}}
5. ^{{cite book|last1=Hamilton|first1=Richart|title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|isbn=9781284057560|page=295}}
6. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Harrison CN, Campbell PJ, Buck G, etal |title=Hydroxyurea compared with anagrelide in high-risk essential thrombocythemia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=353 |issue=1 |pages=33–45 |date=July 2005 |pmid=16000354 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa043800 |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=16000354&promo=ONFLNS19}}
7. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Lanzkron S, Strouse JJ, Wilson R, etal |title=Systematic review: Hydroxyurea for the treatment of adults with sickle cell disease |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=148 |issue=12 |pages=939–55 |date=June 2008 |pmid=18458272 |doi= 10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-00221|url= |pmc=3256736}}
8. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Sharma VK, Dutta B, Ramam M |title=Hydroxyurea as an alternative therapy for psoriasis |journal=Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=13–7 |year=2004 |pmid=17642550 |doi= |url=http://www.ijdvl.com/article.asp?issn=0378-6323;year=2004;volume=70;issue=1;spage=13;epage=17;aulast=Sharma |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703155748/http://www.ijdvl.com/article.asp?issn=0378-6323%3Byear%3D2004%3Bvolume%3D70%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D13%3Bepage%3D17%3Baulast%3DSharma |archivedate=2009-07-03 |df= }}
9. ^{{Cite journal|author=Rustin, MH| title = Long-term safety of biologics in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: review of current data | journal=Br J Dermatol | volume=167|issue=Suppl 3|pages=3–11|date=November 2012|pmid=23082810|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11208.x}}
10. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Escribano | first1 = L. | last2 = Álvarez-Twose | first2 = I. N. | last3 = Sánchez-Muñoz | first3 = L. | last4 = Garcia-Montero | first4 = A. | last5 = Núñez | first5 = R. | last6 = Almeida | first6 = J. | last7 = Jara-Acevedo | first7 = M. | last8 = Teodósio | first8 = C. | last9 = García-Cosío | first9 = M. N. | last10 = Bellas | first10 = Carmen | last11 = Orfao | first11 = Alberto | doi = 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.05.003 | title = Prognosis in adult indolent systemic mastocytosis: A long-term study of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis in a series of 145 patients | journal = Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | volume = 124 | issue = 3 | pages = 514–521 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19541349 | pmc = | display-authors = 8 }}
11. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Dalziel | first1 = K. | last2 = Round | first2 = A. | last3 = Stein | first3 = K. | last4 = Garside | first4 = R. | last5 = Price | first5 = A. | title = Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of imatinib for first-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase: A systematic review and economic analysis | journal = Health Technology Assessment | volume = 8 | issue = 28 | pages = iii, ii1–120 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15245690}}
12. ^{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1002/bdrb.20123| pmid = 17712860| year = 2007| last1 = Liebelt | first1 = E.| last2 = Balk | first2 = S.| last3 = Faber | first3 = W.| last4 = Fisher | first4 = J.| last5 = Hughes | first5 = C.| last6 = Lanzkron | first6 = S.| last7 = Lewis | first7 = K.| last8 = Marchetti | first8 = F.| last9 = Mehendale | first9 = H.| last10 = Rogers | first10 = J. M.| last11 = Shad | first11 = A. T.| last12 = Skalko | first12 = R. G.| last13 = Stanek | first13 = E. J.| title = NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of hydroxyurea| volume = 80| issue = 4| pages = 259–366| journal = Birth Defects Research Part B}}
13. ^{{Cite book|last=Longe |first=Jacqueline L. |title=Gale Encyclopedia Of Cancer: A Guide To Cancer And Its Treatments |publisher=Thomson Gale |location=Detroit |year=2002 |pages=514–516 |isbn=978-1-4144-0362-5}}
14. ^{{DorlandsDict|four/000050608|hydroxyurea}}
15. ^{{cite journal |author=Platt OS |title=Hydroxyurea for the treatment of sickle cell anemia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=358 |issue=13 |pages=1362–9 |year=2008 |pmid=18367739 |doi=10.1056/NEJMct0708272}}
16. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Cokic VP, Smith RD, Beleslin-Cokic BB, etal |title=Hydroxyurea induces fetal hemoglobin by the nitric oxide-dependent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase |journal=J Clin Invest |volume=111 |issue=2 |pages=231–9 |year=2003 |pmid=12531879 |doi=10.1172/JCI16672 |url=http://www.jci.org/articles/view/16672 |pmc=151872 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115015958/http://www.jci.org/articles/view/16672 |archivedate=2009-01-15 |df= }}
17. ^{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.12.048 | title = Plasma hydroxyurea determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | year = 2009 | last1 = Kettani | first1 = T | last2 = Gulbis | first2 = B | last3 = Ferster | first3 = A | last4 = Kumps | first4 = A | journal = Journal of Chromatography B | volume = 877 | issue = 4 | pages = 446–450 }}
18. ^{{cite journal| title=Ueber den Hydroxylharnstoff|author1=Dresler WFC|author2= Stein R|year=1869|journal=Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. |volume=150 |pages=1317–22}}
19. ^{{cite journal|title=The rationale for using hydroxycarbamide in the treatment of sickle cell disease|author=Rees C. David|year=2011|volume=96|issue=4|pages=488–491|doi=10.3324/haematol.2011.041988|deadurl=no|df=|pmc=3069221|pmid=21454878|journal=Haematologica}}
20. ^{{cite journal| title = Synthesis of Ureas| year = 1955| author = Graham P.J.| publisher = E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, DE | volume = US Patent No. 2,705,727 }}
21. ^{{cite journal|title=New Method for Synthesis of Hydroxyurea and Some of its Polymer Supported Derivatives As New Controlled Release Drugs|author= Hussain KA, Abid DS, Adam GA| DOI= 10.13140/RG.2.1.3607.2720|year=2016|journal=Journal of Basrah Research|volume=41|issue=1}}
22. ^{{cite website|title=Pharmacology and Biochemistry|journal=PubChem|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/hydroxyurea#section=Prescription-Drug-Products|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518234727/https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/hydroxyurea#section=Prescription-Drug-Products|archivedate=2017-05-18|df=}}
23. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Koç A, Wheeler LJ, Mathews CK, Merrill GF |title=Hydroxyurea arrests DNA replication by a mechanism that preserves basal dNTP pools |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue=1 |pages=223–30 |date=January 2004 |pmid=14573610 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M303952200 |url=http://www.jbc.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14573610}}
24. ^{{cite journal|title="Mechanism of Action"|year=1992|author=Yarbro JW|journal=Seminars in Oncology|volume=19|issue=3|pages=1–10|deadurl=no|df=|pmid=1641648}}
{{Chemotherapeutic agents}}{{HIVpharm}}{{portal bar|Pharmacy and pharmacology|Medicine}}

5 : Ureas|Antineoplastic antimetabolites|IARC Group 3 carcinogens|World Health Organization essential medicines|RTT

随便看

 

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

 

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间:2024/9/21 5:42:19