| 词条 | Delabole wind farm |
| 释义 |
| image = The Delabole wind farm - geograph.org.uk - 216985.jpg | name = Delabole wind farm | country = England | location = Cornwall | location_map = Cornwall | coordinates = {{coord|50.633|-4.708|region:GB_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | status = O | commissioned = 1991 | operator = Good Energy[1] | ps_units_operational = 4 }} The Delabole wind farm was the first commercial onshore wind farm built in the United Kingdom, in November 1991.[1] This field of wind turbines was initially developed by Windelectric Management Ltd. LocationDelabole is located in the southwest region of Cornwall, United Kingdom, about two miles west of Camelford. It has the third highest elevation of the villages in Cornwall sitting at 800 feet making it an ideal place for turbines. The farm is pastoral land, one mile away from the village of Delabole and 2.5 miles away from the Celtic Sea. The country itself is the windiest of Europe receiving over 40% of the continent's wind annually.[2]HistoryThe farm was first proposed by landowners Peter and Martin Edwards in 1989, and was opened in 1991.[1][3][4] They chose to invest in the turbines, instead of a nuclear power plant, in the hope of pushing the UK in a greener direction. It took three months of construction to build the site and less than a month to commission the turbines. In its first year, the Delabole wind farm brought in 100,000 visitors who were able to look around the turbines freely on tourist walks. Gaia Energy CentreIn 2001, there was an attempt to attract 150,000 tourists annually to this wind farm by building the Gaia Energy Centre. It was supposed to promote and educate the people of Cornwall about energy conservation and the benefits of renewable energy. Inside they had an auditorium, café and shop, as well as interactive exhibits and a resource library. Most of the funding for the £5 million Gaia Energy Centre came from Europe, with £300,000 grants from Objective One and the South West Regional Development Agency.[5] It closed down just three years after opening since less than a tenth of the projected visitors actually came. New ownershipAlthough the Gaia Energy Centre was unsuccessful, the farm continued to stay in production. Since 2002, the farm has been owned and operated by Good Energy, whose goal is to make the UK 100% renewable by 2050. For its first two decades, it operated ten 400 kW WD34 wind turbines, built by Vestas.[3] In August 2010, these ten turbines were decommissioned to make way for better technology. In February 2011, an £11.8 million rebuilding of the facility was completed, which replaced the original ten with four new Enercon E-70 turbines standing at 98 meters, which are three times larger.[1][6] The funding came from a £9.6 million loan from the Co-operative bank and £2.2 million equity from Good Energy's own resources. After the rebuilding, the facility has a potential power output of 9.2 megawatts,[1][7] an increase from the original four megawatt output.[3] In the beginning of 2013, Good Energy started offering a 20 percent discount on energy bills to the residents living within two miles of the wind farm. According to The Guardian, the projected savings is £110 annually, where the average national household payment is about £550.[8] Also, if the turbines produce more energy than expected, local customers can receive additional savings. TurbinesThe introduction of the German Enercon E-70 turbines prevent the release of 13,708 tons of carbon emissions into the atmosphere annually.[3] The amount of energy the new turbines produce is enough for over 7,800 homes, whereas the previous turbines only could provide energy for 2,700 homes.[1][6] Vestas WD34 features
Enercon E-70 features
See also{{stack|{{Portal|England|Weather|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cornwall-12533687 |title=Chris Huhne reopens Cornwall's Delabole wind farm |accessdate=22 February 2011 |date=22 February 2011 |publisher=BBC News Online}} {{South West powerstations}}{{Wind power in the United Kingdom}}2. ^{{cite web|title=Wind|url=http://www.goodenergy.co.uk/switch/where-our-energy-comes-from/wind|website=Good Energy|publisher=Good Energy LTD|accessdate=7 November 2014 |date=2014}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.thisisnorthcornwall.com/delabole.html |title=Delabole |accessdate=23 October 2014 |publisher=This is North Cornwall |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5whO73zht?url=http://www.thisisnorthcornwall.com/delabole.html |archivedate=22 February 2011 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.southhams.gov.uk/planningdocs/1/00/29/17/00291712.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141124020859/http://www.southhams.gov.uk/planningdocs/1/00/29/17/00291712.pdf |dead-url=yes |archive-date=24 November 2014 |title=Briefing sheet Delabole wind farm, Cornwall |publisher=Totnes community wind farm |accessdate=24 October 2014 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/3701894.stm |title=UK | England | Cornwall | Energy tourist attraction shuts |publisher=BBC News |date=30 September 2004 |accessdate=27 October 2014}} 6. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/cornwall/hi/people_and_places/newsid_8928000/8928007.stm |title=Delabole wind farm is redeveloped |publisher=BBC |date=19 August 2010 |accessdate=5 March 2013}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.variablepitch.co.uk/station/198/ |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130505152935/http://www.variablepitch.co.uk/station/198/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=5 May 2013 |title=Delabole Wind Farm Repower |newspaper=Variable Pitch |date=4 March 2013 |accessdate=5 March 2013 }} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Residents near Cornwall windfarm to be offered energy bill discounts|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/nov/19/residents-cornwall-windfarm-energy-bill-discounts|website=The Guardian|publisher=theguardian.com|accessdate=10 November 2014}} 9. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.enercon.de/en-en/61.htm |title=E-70 / 2,300 kW |publisher=Enercon |date=2014 |accessdate=23 October 2014}} 3 : Buildings and structures in Cornwall|Wind farms in England|Economy of Cornwall |
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