| 词条 | Hypertrophic scar |
| 释义 |
| name = | synonym = | image = File:Hypertrophic_scar_-4_months_after_incident-_2013-04-05_00-46.jpg| | image_size = | alt = | caption = Hypertrophic scar (4 months after incident) | pronounce = | specialty = | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} A hypertrophic scar is a cutaneous condition characterized by deposits of excessive amounts of collagen which gives rise to a raised scar, but not to the degree observed with keloids.[1] Like keloids, they form most often at the sites of pimples, body piercings, cuts and burns. They often contain nerves and blood vessels. They generally develop after thermal or traumatic injury that involves the deep layers of the dermis and express high levels of TGF-β.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} CauseMechanical tension on a wound has been identified as a leading cause for hypertrophic scar formation.[2] When a normal wound heals, the body produces new collagen fibres at a rate which balances the breakdown of old collagen. Hypertrophic scars are red and thick and may be itchy or painful. They do not extend beyond the boundary of the original wound, but may continue to thicken for up to six months. They usually improve over one or two years, but may cause distress due to their appearance or the intensity of the itching; they can also restrict movement if they are located close to a joint.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} Some people have an inherited tendency to this type of scarring, for example, those with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. It is not possible to completely prevent hypertrophic scars, so those with a history of them should inform their doctor or surgeon if they need surgery. Scar therapies may speed up the process of change from a hypertrophic scar to a flatter, paler one.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} See also
References1. ^{{cite book |author1=Rapini, Ronald P. |author2=Bolognia, Jean L. |author3=Jorizzo, Joseph L. |title=Dermatology: 2-Volume Set |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |pages= |isbn=1-4160-2999-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}} 2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Yagmur C, Akaishi S, Ogawa R, Guneren E |title=Mechanical receptor-related mechanisms in scar management: a review and hypothesis |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |volume=126 |issue=2 |pages=426–34 |date=August 2010 |pmid=20375759 |doi=10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181df715d |url=}} Cited according to {{cite book|author1=Marc G. Jeschke|author2=Lars-Peter Kamolz|author3=Folke Sjöberg|author4=Steven E. Wolf|title=Handbook of Burns Volume 1: Acute Burn Care|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=olshnFqCI0kC&pg=PA332|date=23 August 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-7091-0348-7|pages=332}} 1 : Dermal and subcutaneous growths |
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