| 词条 | Deltochilum valgum |
| 释义 |
| regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Coleoptera | familia = Scarabaeidae | genus = Deltochilum | species = D. valgum | binomial = Deltochilum valgum | binomial_authority = Burmeister, 1873 [1] | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | subdivision = D. v. acropyge Bates, 1887 D. v. longiceps Paulian, 1938 }}Deltochilum valgum is a nocturnal species of dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, which has evolved a predatory lifestyle.[2] While most other members of its family feed on faeces, D. valgum is highly specialised for eating millipedes;[3][4] such a transition from scavenger to carnivore is rare.[5] D. valgum prefers live millipedes to dead ones, and seems to take no other food. It tends to kill millipedes much larger than itself, at {{convert|25|-|110|mm|1}} long. The beetle itself is about {{convert|8|mm|1|abbr=on}} long. In a typical attack, the beetle grasps the millipede's body with its mid and elongated, curved hind legs and then bites into the coiling prey at a joint between body segments. Sometimes this results in the prey being decapitated. The beetle then drags the victim to feed on it. D. valgum is widely distributed in Central American rainforests.[6] Two subspecies are recognised: D. v. acropyge Bates, 1887 and D. v. longiceps Paulian, 1938.[7]References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nhm.org/research/entomology/coleoptera/scarabs/scarabaeidae/scarabaeinae.html |publisher=Natural History Museum |title=Collection Resources \\ Coleoptera \\ Scarabaeidae \\ Scarabaeinae |accessdate=January 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080801101218/http://www.nhm.org/research/entomology/coleoptera/scarabs/scarabaeidae/scarabaeinae.html |archivedate=August 1, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df= }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q4037182}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Deltochilum Valgum}}2. ^{{cite journal |journal=Biology Letters |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2008.0654 |title=From coprophagy to predation: a dung beetle that kills millipedes |author1=Trond H. Larsen |author2=Alejandro Lopera |author3=Adrian Forsyth |author4=François Génier |year=2009 |pmid=19158030 |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=152–5 |pmc=2665820}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.princeton.edu/~tlarsen/other%20predation.htm |publisher=Princeton University |author=Trond Larsen |accessdate=September 25, 2001 |title=Evolution of a highly specialized predatory behavior in a dung beetle |archivedate=September 20, 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060920054116/http://www.princeton.edu/~tlarsen/other%20predation.htm}} 4. ^{{cite journal |journal=The Coleopterists Bulletin |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=131–132 |year=2003 |title=Feeding habits and distributional records of 11 species of Neotropical Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) |doi=10.1649/642 |author=S. Federico Escobar}} 5. ^{{cite news |publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7840404.stm |title=Little dung beetle is big chopper |author=James Morgan |date=January 21, 2009}} 6. ^{{cite journal |title=Deltochilum valgum acropyge Bates (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): habits and distribution |author=Enio B. Cano |journal=The Coleopterists Bulletin |volume=52 |issue=2 |year=1998 |pages=174–178}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.eol.org/pages/1065797 |title=Deltochilum valgum Burmeister 1873 |publisher=Encyclopedia of Life |accessdate=January 25, 2009}} 4 : Deltochilini|Beetles of South America|Fauna of Central America|Beetles described in 1873 |
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