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词条 Demographics of Brunei
释义

  1. Population

     UN estimates[1]   Structure of the population [2]   Median age  Population growth rate  Net migration rate  Sex ratio  Urbanization 

  2. Vital statistics

     UN estimates [1]  Registered births and deaths[3][4]  Life expectancy at birth 

  3. Ethnic groups

  4. Languages

  5. Religions

  6. HIV/AIDS

  7. Nationality

  8. Literacy

  9. Education expenditures

  10. See also

  11. References

The demographic features of Brunei include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Like neighbouring countries, Brunei is a Malay-dominated country. Many cultural and linguistic differences make Brunei Malays distinct from the larger Malay populations in nearby Malaysia and Indonesia, even though they are ethnically related and share the Muslim religion.

Brunei has a hereditary nobility with the title Pengiran these are, more often than not, related to the Sultan by blood. The Sultan can award to commoners the title Pehin, the equivalent of a life peerage awarded in the United Kingdom. The Sultan also can award his subjects the Dato, the equivalent of a knighthood in the United Kingdom, and Datin, the equivalent of a damehood.

Bruneians adhere to the practice of using complete full names with all titles, including the title Haji (for men) or Hajjah (for women) for those who have made the Haj pilgrimage to Mecca. Many Brunei Malay women wear the tudong, a traditional head covering. Men wear the songkok, a traditional Malay cap. Men who have completed the Haj wear a white songkok.

The requirements to attain Brunei citizenship include passing tests in Malay culture, customs and language. Stateless permanent residents of Brunei are given International Certificates of Identity, which allow them to travel overseas. The majority of Brunei's Chinese are permanent residents, and many are stateless.

Petroleum wealth allows the Brunei Government to provide the population with one of Asia's finest health care systems. The Brunei Medical and Health Department introduced the region's first government "flying doctor service" in early 1965. Malaria has been eradicated, and cholera is virtually nonexistent. There are three general hospitals--in Bandar Seri Begawan, Tutong, and Kuala Belait--and there are numerous health clinics throughout the country.

Education starts with preschool, followed by 6 years of primary education and up to 6 years of secondary education. Nine years of education are mandatory. Most of Brunei's college students attend universities and other institutions abroad, but approximately 2,542 study at the University of Brunei Darussalam. Opened in 1985, the university has a faculty of over 300 instructors and is located on a sprawling campus at Tungku, overlooking the South China Sea.

The official language is Malay, but English is widely understood and used in business. Other languages spoken are several Chinese dialects, Iban, and a number of native dialects. Islam is the official religion, but religious freedom is guaranteed under the constitution.

Population

{{UN_Population|Brunei Darussalam}} ({{UN_Population|Year}} est.)

UN estimates[1]

Total population (thousands)Population aged 0-14 (%)Population aged 15-64 (%)Population aged 65+ (%)
19504836.458.74.9
19556339.556.14.4
19608042.153.84.1
196510044.751.43.9
197012541.155.03.8
197515739.856.33.8
198018938.758.43.0
198521938.758.33.0
199025235.461.82.8
199529033.363.73.0
200032730.366.72.9
200536328.268.63.2
201039926.270.23.6

Structure of the population [2]

Structure of the population (20.06.2011) (Census) :

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total203 149190 223393 372100
0-415 67814 65330 3317,71
5-917 26916 36533 6348,55
10-1418 44817 01535 4639,02
15-1917 94817 01334 9618,89
20-2419 95018 25738 2079,71
25-2920 74918 44539 1949,96
30-3419 32217 61936 9419,39
35-3917 32916 42333 7528,58
40-4415 26214 81930 0817,65
45-4912 83611 75424 5906,25
50-5410 3189 45819 7765,03
55-597 1706 87214 0423,57
60-644 1604 3548 5142,16
65-692 5832 5015 0841,29
70-741 8332 0793 9120,99
75-791 1951 3982 5930,66
80-847017031 4040,36
85+3984958930,23
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0-1451 39548 03399 42825,28
15-64145 044135 014280 05871,19
65+6 7107 17613 8863,53

Median age

total: 27.5 years

male: 27.5 years

female: 27.8 years (2009 est.)

Population growth rate

100.785% (2008 est.)

Net migration rate

2.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female

total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Urbanization

Urban population: 79% of total population (2009)

Rate of urbanization: 2.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Vital statistics

UN estimates [1]

PeriodLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR1CDR1NC1TFR1IMR1
1950-19553 0001 0002 00049.613.537.37.0090.2
1955-19603 0001 0002 00043.510.637.16.3868.8
1960-19654 0001 0003 00041.98.734.06.5652.1
1965-19704 0001 0003 00035.17.129.65.5939.1
1970-19755 0001 0004 00037.46.329.25.8729.3
1975-19806 0001 0005 00034.45.225.54.7121.9
1980-19856 0001 0005 00029.94.426.33.9216.4
1985-19907 0001 0006 00029.83.923.63.7212.2
1990-19958 0001 0007 00028.13.525.03.289.1
1995-20007 0001 0006 00023.93.122.22.606.8
2000-20058 0001 0007 00021.93.020.82.285.1
2005-20108 0001 0006 00020.13.116.52.114.8
1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

Registered births and deaths[3][4]

Average population (x 1000)Live birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)TFR
1949452 0737661 30747.117.429.7
1950482 3168261 49050.318.032.4
1951512 8057082 09758.414.843.7
1952542 8098651 94454.016.637.4
1953572 9038082 09551.814.437.4
1954603 3327762 55654.612.741.9
1955633 6008782 72255.413.541.9
1956664 0769043 17259.113.146.0
1957703 3201 1382 18244.315.229.1
1958734 3999113 48855.011.443.6
1959764 2019353 26649.411.038.4
1960804 1059173 18845.610.235.4
1961834 3126063 70649.06.942.1
1962873 9806283 35243.36.836.4
1963913 5216552 86636.76.829.9
1964954 1786213 55741.86.235.6
19651004 1936623 53139.96.333.6
19661044 0896573 43237.56.031.5
19671094 3817563 62538.46.631.8
19681144 9127154 19741.36.035.3
19691194 6146913 92336.95.531.4
19701254 8237164 10737.15.531.6
19711315 1818014 38038.15.932.2
19721375 0087424 26635.35.230.0
19731445 0347084 32634.74.929.8
19741505 0136404 37333.44.329.2
19751575 1417284 41333.04.728.3
19761635 3006674 63332.54.128.4
19771705 3977484 64931.84.427.4
19781765 5907314 85931.74.127.5
19791835 8777285 14932.14.028.1
19801895 7677425 02530.53.926.5
19811955 8777055 17230.13.626.5
19822015 9527835 16929.63.925.7
19832075 9837175 26628.93.525.4
19842136 3307685 56229.73.626.1
19852196 6827945 88830.53.626.9
19862256 9207236 19730.73.227.5
19872327 0887656 32330.63.327.3
19882386 8817776 10428.93.325.6
19892456 9268276 09928.33.424.9
19902527 0117706 24127.83.124.8
19912597 1068526 25427.43.324.1
19922677 2908876 40327.33.324.0
19932747 3141 0186 29626.73.722.9
19942827 4001 0006 40026.23.522.7
19952907 5001 0006 50025.93.522.4
19962977 6331 0026 63125.73.422.3
19973057 4598836 57624.52.921.6
19983127 4119286 48323.73.020.8
19993207 4089056 50323.22.820.3
20003277 4819656 51622.93.019.9
20013347 3631 0146 34922.03.019.0
20023427 4641 0416 42321.93.018.8
20033497 0471 0106 03720.22.917.3
20043567 1651 0106 15520.12.817.3
20053636 9331 0725 86119.13.016.1
20063706 5261 0955 43117.63.014.7
20073786 3141 1745 14016.73.113.6
20083856 4241 0915 33316.72.813.9
2009
2010
20113936 7241 2355 48917.13.114.01.9
20123996 9091 2165 69317.33.014.31.9
20134046 6801 3985 28216.43.413.01.9
20144106 8911 4705 42116.73.613.21.9
20154166 6991 5475 15216.13.712.3
20164176 4371 6324 80515.43.911.5
20174216 4521 6964 75615.34.011.31.8

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 75.52 years

male: 73.32 years

female: 77.83 years (2009 est.)

Ethnic groups

Population of Brunei according to ethnic group 1947-2001[3]
Ethnic
group
census 1947census 1960census 1971census 1981census 1991census 2001
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
Malay16,74241.245,13553.889,26765.5125,71765.2174,31966.9
Kedayan14,2915.1
Chinese8,30020.421,79526.031,92523.439,46120.540,62115.6
Dusun24,8735.88,5526.315,1757.915,6656.0
Iban1,3303.33,9004.6
Melanau2,5176.23180.4
Indians11,76828.93,5654.32,1621.65,9193.129,87711.5
Others4,3503.26,5603.4
Total40,65783,877136,256192,832260,482332,800
1 The Kedayan were only mentioned as a separate ethnic group in the 1960 census; they are probably included in the Malay in the other censuses.
2 included in 'Others'

Bruneian (Malay or also called Kedayan) 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other (including Indians) 12%. Indigenous groups include the Iban people, Murut,(a branch of the Dayak people), the Dusun and the Melanau.

Languages

{{AP|Languages of Brunei}}

Malay (official), English, Chinese

Religions

{{AP|Religion in Brunei}}

Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and non-religious, Atheist or Agnostic 10%

HIV/AIDS

Adult prevalence rate: less than 0.1% (2003 est.)

People living with HIV/AIDS: less than 200 (2003 est.)

Deaths: less than 200 (2003 est.)

Nationality

Noun: Bruneian(s)

Adjective: Bruneian

Literacy

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write

Total population: 93.9%

Male: 96.3%

Female: 91.4% (2002)

Education expenditures

5.2% of total GDP (2000)

See also

  • Ethnic Chinese in Brunei

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm|title=World Population Prospects, the 2012 Revision|work=un.org}}
2. ^http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics|work=un.org}}
4. ^http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/vitstats/serATab3.pdf
{{CIA World Factbook}}{{Ethnic groups in Brunei}}{{Brunei topics}}{{Asia in topic|Demographics of}}{{Asia topic|Ethnic groups in}}

1 : Demographics of Brunei

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