“Demographics of Madras Presidency”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The first census of the Madras Presidency was taken in the year 1822.^[1] It returned a population of 13,476,923.^[1] The second census conducted in 1836-37 returned a population of 13,967,395, an increase of only 490,472 in 15 years.^[1] The first quinquennial enumeration of the population was made in 1851-52. It returned a population of 22,031,697.^[1] Subsequent enumerations were made in 1856-57, 1861–62 and 1866-67. The population of Madras Presidency was found to be 22,857,855 in 1851-52, 24,656,509 in 1861-62 and 26,539,052 in 1866-67.^[1]

The first organized census of India was conducted in 1871. It returned a population of 31,220,973 for Madras Presidency. Since then, a census has been conducted once every ten years. The last census of British India held in 1941 returned a population of 49,341,810 for Madras Presidency.

Districts of the Madras Presidency

District

District Headquarters

Area (in square miles)

Year of incorporation

Population

1871

1881

1891

1901

1911

1921

1931

1941

Anantapur

5,557

1800

741,255

599,899

727,725

788,254

963,223

1,166,255

Anjengo^[2]

Anjengo

1906

4,817

Bellary

5,714

1800

911,755

726,275

880,950

947,214

969,436

1,051,235

Chingleput

Saidapet

5,079

1763

938,184

981,381

1,202,928

1,312,122

1,321,000

1,171,419

Coimbatore

7,860

1799

1,763,274

1,657,690

2,004,839

2,201,752

3,219,848

2,809,648

Cuddapah

8,723

1800

1,351,194

1,121,038

1,272,072

1,291,267

1,056,507

East Godavari^[7]

Cocanada

1765

1,756,477

1,976,743

2,161,863

Ganjam^[3]

Berhampur

8,372

1765

1,520,088

1,749,604

1,896,803

2,010,256

Godavari^[4]

Cocanada

7,972

1765

1,592,939

1,791,512

2,078,782

2,301,759

1,530,000

2,583,250

Kistna

Masulipatam

8,498

1765/1801

1,452,374

1,548,480

1,855,582

2,154,803

1,997,535

2,133,314

1,444,294

Kurnool

7,878

1800

914,432

678,551

817,811

872,055

889,000

1,146,250

Madras

1639

367,552

405,848

452,518

509,346

518,660

526,000

645,000

777,481

Madura

8,701

1761/1790/1801

2,266,615

2,168,680

2,608,404

2,831,280

1,861,000

2,007,063

2,446,601

Malabar

Calicut

5,795

1792

2,261,250

2,365,035

2,652,565

2,800,555

3,015,119

3,098,871

3,929,425

Nellore

8,761

1781

1,376,811

1,220,236

1,463,736

1,496,987

1,296,000

1,617,026

Nilgiris

Ootacamund

958

1799

49,501

91,034

99,797

111,437

80,000

209,709

North Arcot

Chittoor

7,386

1781/1801

2,015,278

1,817,814

2,114,487

2,207,712

1,822,000

2,055,594

2,577,540

Salem

7,530

1792

1,966,995

1,599,595

1,962,591

2,204,974

1,766,680

2,112,034

2,869,228

South Arcot

Cuddalore

5,217

1781/1801

1,755,817

1,814,738

2,162,851

2,349,894

2,272,000

2,320,085

2,608,758

South Kanara

Mangalore

4,021

1799

918,362

959,514

1,056,081

1,134,713

1,523,516

Tanjore

3,710

1799

1,973,731

2,130,383

2,228,114

2,245,029

2,362,639

2,326,265

2,385,920

2,563,375

Tinnevely

5,389

1761/1801

1,693,959

1,699,747

1,916,095

2,059,607

2,244,548

Trichinopoly

2,632

1781/1801

1,200,408

1,215,033

1,372,717

1,444,770

2,194,091

Vizagapatam

Waltair

17,222

1794

2,159,199

2,485,141

2,802,992

2,933,650

2,231,874

3,845,944

West Godavari^[4]

Eluru

1765

1,380,088

Total

Madras

141,705

31,220,973

30,827,218

35,630,440

38,209,436

41,870,160

42,794,155

46,740,107^[4]

49,341,810^[3]

Princely States of Madras Presidency

Banganapalle

255

45,208

30,754

34,596

32,264

39,344

36,692

39,218

44,592

Cochin

1,362

601,114

600,278

722,906

812,025

979,080

918,110

1,205,016

1,422,875

Pudukkottai

1,100

316,695

302,127

373,096

380,440

411,886

426,313

400,694

438,648

Sandur

161

14,996

10,532

11,388

11,200

13,517

11,665

13,583

15,814

Travancore

Trivandrum

7,091

2,311,379

2,401,158

2,557,736

2,952,157

3,428,975

4,006,062

5,095,973

6,070,018

Total

9,969

3,285,938

align="right"

Source: The Imperial Gazetteer of India

Cities

Position

1871

1881

1891

1901

1911

1921

1931

1941

Madras (367,552)

Madras (405,848)

Madras (452,518)

Madras (509,346)

Madras (518,660)

Madras (526,911)

Madras (647,232)

Madras (777,481)

Trichinopoly (76,530)

Trichinopoly (84,449)

Trichinopoly (90,609)

Madura (105,984)

Madura (134,130)

Madura (138,894)

Madura (182,018)

Madura (239,144)

Tanjore (52,171)

Madura (73,807)

Madura (87,428)

Trichinopoly (104,721)

Trichinopoly (123,512)

Trichinopoly (120,422)

Trichinopoly (142,843)

Trichinopoly (159,566)

Madura (51,987)

Calicut (57,085)

Salem (67,710)

Calicut (76,981)

Calicut (82,334)

Calicut (78,417)

Salem (102,179)

Coimbatore (130,348)

Bellary (51,766)

Tanjore (54,745)

Calicut (66,078)

Salem (70,621)

Kumbakonam (64,647)

Coimbatore (65,788)

Calicut (99,273)

Salem (129,702)

Salem (50,012)

Negapatam (53,855)

Bellary (59,447)

Kumbakonam (59,673)

Tanjore (60,341)

Conjeevaram (61,376)

Coimbatore (95,198)

Calicut (126,352)

Negapatam (48,525)

Bellary (53,460)

Negapatam (59,221)

Bellary (58,247)

Negapatam (60,168)

Kumbakonam (60,700)

Tanjore (66,889)

Bezawada (86,184)

Calicut (48,338)

Salem (50,667)

Tanjore (54,390)

Tanjore (57,870)

Salem (59,152)

Tanjore (59,913)

Mangalore (66,756)

Mangalore (81,609)

Kumbakonam (44,444)

Kumbakonam (54,307)

Negapatam (57,190)

Cuddalore (56,574)

Negapatam (54,016)

Cocanada (65,952)

Tuticorin (75,614)

Cuddalore (40,300)

Cuddalore (43,564)

Cuddalore (47,355)

Coimbatore (53,080)

Cocanada (54,410)

Mangalore (53,877)

Kumbakonam (62,317)

Vizagapatam (70,243)

Notes

1. ^¹²³⁴Official Administration of the Madras Presidency, Pg 327
2. ^In 1906, the two British enclaves of Anjengo and Tangasseri within Travancore were separated from Malabar district due to inaccessibility and a new Anjengo district was created. Anejnego was the smallest and least populous district in Madras Presidency from 1906 to 1927. In 1927, the two enclaves were incorporated in Tinnevelly district.
3. ^¹Ganjam district was transferred to the newly formed province of Orissa in 1936
4. ^¹²³In 1925, Godavari district was bifurcated into West Godavari and East Godavari districts

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