| 词条 | Design Research (store) |
| 释义 |
Design Research or D/R was a retail store founded in 1953 by Ben Thompson in Cambridge, Massachusetts which introduced the concept of lifestyle store; in the 1970s, under subsequent ownership, it became a chain of a dozen stores across the United States; it went bankrupt in 1978. Thompson's goal was to provide "a place where people could buy everything they needed for contemporary living",[1] notably modern European furnishings and in particular Scandinavian design. {{Rquote|right|Without question, D/R was the most influential force in twentieth-century America in creating an awareness and appreciation for modern design in the consumer world.|Rob Forbes, founderDesign Within Reach[2]}}D/R has continued to have an outsized reputation: in 2000, a survey of influential design stores named D/R as number one, though it had been closed for 22 years.[2] It influenced later retailers like Crate & Barrel[3] and Design Within Reach.[1] Selection of products{{Rquote|right|The genius of Ben Thompson was that he wasn't a retailer, so he didn't approach retailing in a conventional way at all.... Eventually we took the whole idea and translated it into a reproducible formula.|Lon HabkirkCrate & Barrel[3]}}Design Research carried an eclectic selection of products, from furniture to clothing, from toys to pots and pans, at a wide range of prices, introducing the idea of a lifestyle store.[4] It carried furnishings by such designers as Marcel Breuer, Hans Wegner, Alvar Aalto, and Joe Colombo.[5] Design Research was the exclusive U.S. representative for the Finnish clothing and textiles of Marimekko from 1959 to 1976.[6] Jacqueline Kennedy was pictured on the cover of Sports Illustrated in 1960 in a Marimekko sundress purchased at D/R.[7] StoresThe original Harvard Square Design Research store was in a 19th-century wood frame mansard house on Brattle Street, Cambridge. D/R later added stores in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, Lexington Avenue (1961) and East 57th Street (1964) in New York City, and Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco (1965). {{Rquote|right|This marvelous building... is conceived as a five-story glass showcase, faceted like the surface of a diamond. The facade is so transparent that the merchandise on display indoors becomes part of the architecture.|Robert Campbellarchitecture critic Boston Globe[8]}}In 1969, Thompson moved the Cambridge store to a revolutionary new {{convert|24000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} store designed by his firm, Benjamin Thompson and Associates, at 48 Brattle Street. The building consists of flat concrete slabs supported by interior columns and enclosed by frameless tempered glass walls.[9] It immediately received warm reviews: "points the way to a method of glass building that could create a warmer city, adding color and light and optimism to the life of the streets".[10] It won many awards over the years:[11]
The first D/R stores were all located in urban areas, but under new management starting in 1969, D/R opened stores in suburban shopping malls, which Thompson disapproved of: South Shore Plaza in Braintree, Massachusetts (1972), South Coast Plaza in Costa Mesa (1972), and The Mall at Chestnut Hill in Newton, Massachusetts (1974). It also opened stores at the Embarcadero Center in San Francisco (1973), and in downtown Philadelphia in Rittenhouse Square (1975).[13] Later tenants of Brattle Street storeAfter D/R closed in 1978, the Brattle Street building housed a Crate & Barrel store (1979-January 2009[14]). From October 2009 to April 2010, the vacant Brattle Street store hosted a temporary installation of D/R goods, visible from the street.[15] Since August 2010, the building has housed an Anthropologie store.[16] Corporate historyDesign Research was started by Thompson in 1953. Spencer Field, a furniture designer, joined the firm as a 50-50 business partner in the early 1950s.[17] By 1966, it was clear that the company was underfinanced for Thompson's expansion plans, and Thompson started looking for outside investors. The company was organized as a new corporate entity in 1967 and was recapitalized, with Field's interest being bought out in February 1968 by Peter J. Sprague, an entrepreneur and chairman of National Semiconductor, who became chairman. In 1969, Sprague forced Thompson out as director of the company, but Thompson remained a stockholder. Under a succession of presidents, D/R opened many new stores, but Thompson felt that the stores had lost their distinctive style and approach. By 1976, the business was deteriorating, and in 1979, it declared bankruptcy. Rights to the names "Design Research" and "DR" were bought jointly by Crate & Barrel and Pottery Barn.[18] Bibliography
Notes1. ^1 Pilar Viladas, "One-Stop Living", New York Times September 29, 2010 2. ^1 Rob Forbes, "Foreword: Who's Your Daddy?" in Jane Thompson and Alexandra Lange, Design Research: The Store That Brought Modern Living to American Homes, 2010 {{ISBN|0-8118-6818-4}}, p. 7 [https://www.amazon.com/Design-Research-Brought-Modern-American/dp/0811868184 excerpt available] 3. ^1 {{cite news | url= http://www.inc.com/magazine/19851101/1328.html | title= On Display: Founder Gordon Segal's sense of selling as theater has made Crate & Barrel one of the world's most admired and imitated retailing operations | author= Joseph P. Kahn | publisher=Inc. (magazine) | date= November 1, 1985 | accessdate=February 5, 2010}} 4. ^Carole Nicksin, "The Legacy of Design Research: The impact of the long-defunct retailer is still being felt within the home furnishings industry", HFN The Weekly Newspaper for the Home Furnishing Network, November 8, 2004 full text 5. ^Rachel Travers, "Through a glass, brightly", Boston Globe, October 29, 2009. 6. ^Marianne Aav, Marimekko: Fabrics, Fashion, Architecture, 2003 {{ISBN|0-300-10183-X}}, p. 305, 324 [https://books.google.com/books?id=tc-zFY1RISwC&pg=PA324&lpg=PA324 excerpts at Google Books] 7. ^Sports Illustrated, December 26, 1960; in Marianne Aav, Marimekko: Fabrics, Fashion, Architecture, 2003, {{ISBN|030010183X}}, p. 162 8. ^Robert Campbell, "Two urban drawing cards are now in limbo: Challenges ahead for Faneuil Hall Marketplace and a glass icon in Cambridge", Boston Globe, December 21, 2008 full text 9. ^"25-Year Award to Design Research Headquarters", ArchitectureWeek full text 10. ^Architectural Record as quoted in Gavin W. Kleespies and Katie MacDonald (Cambridge Historical Society), "Design Research Building" in Harvard Square Business Association Archives 11. ^BTA's Honors and Awards 12. ^Twenty Five Year Award Recipients. 13. ^Janet Levy, "Design Research: Marketing 'Good design' in the 50s, 60s, and 70s", Master of Arts thesis at Parsons The New School for Design, 2004. Chapter 2, p. 63 14. ^Peter F. Zhu, "Crate & Barrel To Close", The Harvard Crimson, November 19, 2008 full text 15. ^Alyssa Giacobbe, "A Look Back at Design Research", New York Times October 28, 2009 full text 16. ^Xi Yu, "Women's Clothing Store Anthropologie To Light Up Space on Brattle St.", The Harvard Crimson, June 24, 2010 full text 17. ^Obituary, "Spencer Field, at 78; owned travel firm, designed furniture", Boston Globe, February 21, 1997, p. B7 18. ^Levy, "Design Research" Chapter 1, p. 17-29 Further reading
External links
8 : Retail companies established in 1953|Home decor retailers|Defunct retail companies of the United States|Companies based in Cambridge, Massachusetts|Retail companies disestablished in 1978|Buildings and structures in Cambridge, Massachusetts|1953 establishments in Massachusetts|1978 disestablishments in Massachusetts |
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