| 词条 | Desmanthus bicornutus |
| 释义 |
|name = Desmanthus bicornutus |image = Desmanthus bicornutus 0208.JPG |status = G4 |status_system = TNC |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Rosids |ordo = Fabales |familia = Fabaceae | subfamilia = Caesalpinioideae[1] | unranked_tribus = Mimosoid clade[1] |genus = Desmanthus |species = D. bicornutus |binomial = Desmanthus bicornutus |binomial_authority = S.Watson }}Desmanthus bicornutus is a species of flowering plant in the legume family native to northern and central Mexico and the southwestern United States.[3][4][2] It is an "abundant roadside weed across its native range."[6] It is known by the common names ruby bundleflower,[3] two-horn bundleflower,[4] and in Mexican Spanish malvilla de laguna.[5] DescriptionA small, upright-standing shrub that grows to about 3 meters in height, Desmanthus bicornutus has a woody base. Young stems are often a deep red color; older stems are shiny red or brown. The compound bipinnate leaves are between 9 cm and 18 cm long. Desmanthus bicornutus blooms in condensed spikes of 25-60 flowers. These flowers may be perfect (occurring apically), functionally male (occurring towards the base of the flower head above the sterile flowers but below the perfect flowers), or sterile. It bears up to a dozen edible linear pods on fruiting stalks up to 5 cm long. Pods are up to 10 cm long and 5.5 mm wide. Immature pods are red but these turn to a dark brown as they mature.[5]DistributionDesmanthus bicornutus grows in the states of Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, and Sonora in Northern Mexico as well as the central states of Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, and Veracruz.[5] In the United States, D. bicornutus grows naturally only in the state of Arizona.[3]EcologyThis plant favors clay, rocky, or sandy soils in its native range. At higher elevations, D. bicornutus can be found amid oak forest and in grasslands. At lower elevations, this plant is found near canyons, roads, and waterways.[5] Though occurring over an area with a wide annual rainfall range (from 300 mm in Arizona to up to 2,000 mm in coastal, southeast Mexico), D. bicornutus is found in areas with intense dry seasons of up to ten months duration.[5] This species typically dies back to its base during winter or dry season and refoliates when conditions become favorable again.[6] It will also regrow in environments ravaged by wildfire.[5] UseIn Guerrero, Mexico, D. bicornutus beans are used in the making of salsa.[5] As a component of grasslands in northern Mexico and southern Arizona, D. bicornutus benefits the grazing of livestock and is tolerant of defoliation caused by heavy grazing.[5] D. bicornutus has been grown experimentally in Australia. Although it grows abundantly as a weed in its native area and may be a potential invasive species, 14-year-old experimental plots of D. bicornutus in western Queensland have not overgrown their boundaries.[5] A few cultivars of D. bicornutus have been developed by Texas A&M University.[6][7]References{{commons category}}1. ^1 {{cite journal | author = The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). | year = 2017 | title = A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny | journal = Taxon | volume = 66 | issue = 1 | pages = 44–77 | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iapt/tax/2017/00000066/00000001/art00004 | doi = 10.12705/661.3}} 2. ^ Texas A&M University Department of Biology Herbarium 3. ^1 2 Arizona Game and Fish Department. 1991. Desmanthus bicornutus. Unpublished abstract compiled and edited by the Heritage Data Management System, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, AZ. 3 pp. 4. ^1 USDA natural Resources Conservation Service 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Tropical Forages 6. ^1 Published in Crop Sci. 44:1859–1860 (2004). 7. ^ "New Forage Varieties for the Southeast" (Proc. 58th Southern Pasture and Forage Crop Improvement Conference, Roanoke, VA June 13, 2004) Further reading
15 : Mimosoids|Flora of Northwestern Mexico|Flora of Central Mexico|Flora of Baja California Sur|Flora of Arizona|Flora of Chihuahua (state)|Flora of Sinaloa|Flora of Sonora|Flora of Jalisco|Flora of Nayarit|Flora of Colima|Flora of Guerrero|Flora of Michoacán|Flora of Veracruz|Forages |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。