| 词条 | Detroit River Light |
| 释义 |
| name = Detroit River Light | image_name =Bar Point Shoal - Detroit River Light MI.JPG | caption = Undated USCG photo | location = Lake Erie south of Detroit River, Monroe County, near Berlin Charter Township | coordinates = {{coord|42|0|2.7|N|83|8|26.45|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = Michigan | pushpin = lighthouse | yearbuilt = 1875 (lightship) 1885 (current tower) | yearlit = | automated = 1979 | yeardeactivated = | foundation = Wood/cement crib Granite pier | construction = Cast iron with brick lining | shape = frustum of a cone with attached building.[1] | marking = White with black top | height = {{convert|49|ft}} | focalheight = {{convert|55|ft}} | lens = 4th order Fresnel lens | currentlens = | intensity = | range = {{convert|10|nmi}} | characteristic = Fl(2) W 6s | fogsignal = Horn: 1 every 30s | racon = "X" (X-ray) | admiralty = | canada = | NGA = | ARLHS =USA-227[2][3] | USCG =6885[4][5][6] |module={{Infobox NRHP |embed = yes | name = Detroit River Light Station | nrhp_type = | image = | caption = | nearest_city= Rockwood, Michigan[7] | built = 1884 | architect = Davis C.E.L.B. | architecture = | added = August 04, 1983 | area = {{convert|0.1|acre}} | governing_body = U.S. Coast Guard | mpsub = {{NRHP url|id=64000182|title=U.S. Coast Guard Lighthouses and Light Stations on the Great Lakes TR}} | refnum = 83000886[8] | designated_other1 = Michigan State Historic Site | designated_other1_date = | designated_other1_number = | designated_other1_num_position = bottom }}}} The Detroit River Light, also known as Bar Point Shoal Light, was first established as a lightship in 1875. The current sparkplug lighthouse was built in 1885.[6] It sits in Lake Erie, south of the mouth of the Detroit River, {{convert|1.75|nmi}} from land and about {{convert|20|nmi|mi km}} from the Ambassador Bridge in the Detroit River. It is about {{convert|0.4|nmi}} from the border with Canada,[9] and just under {{convert|24|nmi}} from Put-in-Bay, Ohio.[10] Its original 4th order Fresnel lens is on loan to the Michigan Maritime Museum.[4] Construction and infrastructureThe Detroit River Light replaced a Canadian lightship that had been posted in this channel location since 1875, guiding upbound vessels making a turn in the Detroit River. The United States Lighthouse Board completed the Detroit River Light in 1885 at a cost of $78,000. The Light was first lit on August 20, 1885.[11] The crib was transported to the site from Amherstburg, Ontario. It was built pre-fabricated {{convert|45|by|18|ft}}, sunk in {{convert|22|ft}} of water, filled with concrete and surrounded by a granite pier. The light station pier is shaped like a vessel. Its pointed end is directed toward the mouth of the river to break river-powered ice floes. Above the crib and pier, the {{convert|49|ft}} high cast iron boiler plate tower is {{convert|22|ft}} in diameter at its base and {{convert|18|ft}} at the top.[11] There is an attached storage building and radio beacon.[12] Challenges in constructionConstruction was eventful and problematic. When the crib settled, it was uneven, about {{convert|16|in}} off level. As winter was approaching and work set to stop, 550 short tons of stone were loaded onto the pier, "mostly on the high side." Upon the crews return the following spring, gravity and ice floes had made the granite pier level.[13][14] Operational historyDetroit River Light was constructed to be a manned lighthouse. Coast Guardsmen assigned to this close-but-eerily-isolated station used to refer to it as "The Rock."[14] The light is now automated. With Prohibition the light served as a rendezvous point for rum runners.[13] The nearby city of Windsor was a noted point for the distillation of Canadian whiskey, much of which was exported to the U.S. The light todayIn December 1997 the {{convert|635|ft|m|adj=on}} freighter M/V Buffalo[15] struck the station dead on (a "direct hit"[16]) as it sailed down bound for Lake Erie. The station suffered minimal damage to rock and stone foundation. The freighter had its steel bow pushed "in like a tin can" with a {{convert|25|ft|m|adj=on}} gash.[11][17] The lens has been changed several times, and this has altered the characteristic signal generated by the light to passing boats and ships. The present lens has six panels of 60 degrees, with three bull's-eye panels each separated from the other by a 60 degree blind panel. The station contains a fog signal, similar to Harbor Beach Light (also built in 1885). The station is an active aid to navigation, is closed to visitors, and visible only from a boat.[11] A good launch point is the south end of the island of Grosse Ile, Michigan.[18] It was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Detroit River Light Station on August 4, 1983, reference number 83000886.[8] The light has been memorialized in sculptures.[13] Keepers
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/lists/towertype.htm |author=Pepper, Terry |work=Seeing the Light |title=Database of Lighthouse Types and Tower Shapes |publisher=terrypepper.com |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091115110949/http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/lists/towertype.htm |archivedate=2009-11-15 |df= }} 2. ^Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society, Bar Point Shoal/Detroit River Light ARLHS USA-227. 3. ^Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society, World List of Lights. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421203756/http://arlhs.com/awards/U_list.html |date=April 21, 2009 }} 4. ^1 {{cite rowlett|miel|date=2009-11-13}} 5. ^{{cite uscgll|7|2009|74}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite uscghist|MI}} 7. ^Certain documents list the Detroit River Light as being part of or being closest to the city of Rockwood, Michigan. As the closest city, Rockwood is in Wayne County, but the lighthouse is within the northernmost water boundaries of Berlin Charter Township in Monroe County. However, the Detroit River Light is owned and operated by the United States Coast Guard and is therefore not under the jurisdiction of any municipality. 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2009-03-13|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service}} 9. ^NOAA Chart 14848 Detroit River Michigan Extension 10. ^[https://www.flickr.com/photos/14435749@N08/1480705610/ Photo of Detroit River Light.] 11. ^1 2 3 Wobser, David, Bar Point Shoal Lighthouse at Boatnerd 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.michiganlights.com/detroitriverlh.htm|title=Detroit River Lighthouse |work=Michigan Lighthouse Conservancy}} 13. ^1 2 Harbour Lights, Detroit River Lighthouse 14. ^1 [https://web.archive.org/web/20110614090317/http://www.lighthousedepot.com/lite_digest.asp?action=get_article&sk=219 Greenwood, Tom, Detroit River Light (September, 1998)] Lighthouse Digest. 15. ^Photo of M/V Buffalo at Boatnerd 16. ^Roach, Jerry, Lighthouse Central, Detroit River Lighthouse Photographs, History and Directions, The Ultimate Guide to East Michigan Lighthouses {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616092843/http://www.lighthousecentral.com/lighthouse_gallery.php4?lighthouse=Detroit+River+Light |date=2008-06-16 }} (Publisher: Bugs Publishing LLC - July 2006). {{ISBN|0-9747977-1-5}}; {{ISBN|978-0-9747977-1-7}}. 17. ^Photo of damage to S.S. Buffalo at Boatnerd 18. ^Anderson, Kraig, Lighthouse Friends, Detroit River Lighthouse. Further reading
External links
9 : Lighthouses completed in 1884|Houses completed in 1884|Towers completed in 1884|Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan|Michigan State Historic Sites|Buildings and structures in Monroe County, Michigan|Transportation in Monroe County, Michigan|National Register of Historic Places in Monroe County, Michigan|1884 establishments in Michigan |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。