| 词条 | DF-224 |
| 释义 |
The DF-224 is a space-qualified computer used in space missions from the 1980s. It was built by Rockwell Autonetics. As with many spacecraft computers, the design is very redundant, since servicing in space is at best difficult and often impossible. The configuration had three CPUs, one active and two spares. The main memory consisted of six memory units, each with 8K 24-bit words of plated wire memory, with up to 48K words total. Four memory modules could be powered up at one time, resulting in a maximum of 32K words of available memory, though some applications such as the Hubble Space Telescope used fewer memory banks to allow for graceful failure modes.[1] There were three I/O processors, one operational and two backups. The power supply consisted of 6 independent power converters, with overlapping coverage of the operating functions.[2] The processor used fixed-point arithmetic with a two's complement format. By the standards of 2010, the computer was rather big and slow. It was roughly {{convert|45|cm|ft|sp=us}} by {{convert|45|cm|ft|sp=us}} by {{convert|30|cm|ft|sp=us}}, weighed {{convert|50|kg}}, and had a clock speed of 1.25 MHz.[3] The DF-224 on HST was augmented with a 386 co-processor on the first serving mission (SM1).[4]{{rp|1–7}} This had a clock speed of 15 MHz.[4]{{rp|fig 7-3}} In Hubble servicing mission 3A the DF-224 (with co-processor) was replaced by the Advanced Computer using a 25 MHz Intel i486, and much more storage[4]{{rp|1–7}} The DF-224 was one of the candidate computers for the Space Shuttle, but was not selected.[5] It was also baselined in a version of a reusable Agena upper stage for use with the Shuttle,[6] but this was never built. See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.stsci.edu/hst/training/events/HowHSTWorks/SSD990225/sld003.htm |title=DF-224/Coprocessor |publisher=STSci |year=1999}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=Co-Processor |url=http://hubble.nasa.gov/a_pdf/news/facts/CoProcessor.pdf |publisher=NASA |year=1993 |accessdate=2010-09-21}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=Alex Ellery|title=An Introduction to Space Robotics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sl8LggLa5R0C&pg=PA490|year=2000|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-85233-164-1|page=499}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://hubble.nasa.gov/a_pdf/news/SM3A-MediaGuide.pdf |format=PDF|title= Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 3A Media Reference Guide |publisher=NASA |author=Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space |accessdate=2010-09-21}} 5. ^{{cite book |title=ACHIEVING ACCURACY: A Legacy of Computers and Missiles |author=Marshall William McMurran}} page 167. 6. ^{{cite web |title=Reusable Agena study |url=https://archive.org/details/NASA_NTRS_Archive_19740023215 |publisher=NASA |date=1974}} 3 : Avionics computers|Radiation-hardened microprocessors|Hubble Space Telescope |
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