| 词条 | Alcoholic ketoacidosis |
| 释义 |
| name = | synonyms = | image = | caption = | pronounce = | field = Internal medicine | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a common reason for admission of alcohol dependent persons in hospitals emergency rooms. The term refers to a metabolic acidosis syndrome caused by increased ketone levels in serum. Glucose concentration is usually normal or a little lower. In 1940, Drs Edward S. Dillon, W. Wallace, and Leon S. Smelo, first described alcoholic ketoacidosis as a distinct syndrome. They stated that "because of the many and complex factors, both physiologic and pathologic, which influence the acid-base balance of the body, a multitude of processes may bring about the state of acidosis as an end result."[1] In 1971, David W. Jenkins and colleagues described cases of three non‐diabetic patients with a history of chronic heavy alcohol misuse and recurrent episodes of ketoacidosis. This group also proposed a possible underlying mechanism for this metabolic disturbance, naming it alcoholic ketoacidosis.[2] Patients regularly report nausea, vomiting, and pain in abdomen which are the most commonly observed complaints. This syndrome is rapidly reversible and, if taken care of has a low mortality. Other patients present tachypnoea, tachycardia, and hypotension.[3] The main differences between patients with diabetic ketoacidosis is that patients with alcoholic ketoacidosis are usually alert and lucid despite the severity of the acidosis and marked ketonaemia.[4] However, there are cases where alcoholic ketoacidosis can cause death of the patient if not treated with administration of dextrose and saline solutions.[5] References1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Dillon|first1=E.|last2=Dyer|first2=W. Wallace|last3=Smelo|first3=L. S.|title=Ketone Acidosis in Nondiabetic Adults|journal=Medical Clinics of North America|date=November 1940|volume=24|issue=6|pages=1813–1822|doi=10.1016/S0025-7125(16)36653-6}} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Jenkins|first1=David W.|last2=Eckel|first2=Robert E.|last3=Craig|first3=James W.|title=Alcoholic Ketoacidosis|journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association|date=12 July 1971|volume=217|issue=2|pages=177|doi=10.1001/jama.1971.03190020037007}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Wrenn|first1=KD|last2=Slovis|first2=CM|last3=Minion|first3=GE|last4=Rutkowski|first4=R|title=The syndrome of alcoholic ketoacidosis.|journal=The American Journal of Medicine|date=August 1991|volume=91|issue=2|pages=119–28|pmid=1867237}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=McGuire|first1=L C|title=Alcoholic ketoacidosis|journal=Emergency Medicine Journal|date=1 June 2006|volume=23|issue=6|pages=417–420|doi=10.1136/emj.2004.017590|pmid=16714496|pmc=2564331}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Brutsaert|first1=Erika F.|title=Alcoholic Ketoacidosis|url=http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/alcoholic-ketoacidosis|website=Merck Manual|publisher=Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.|accessdate=2 February 2018}} External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = | ICD9 = | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 102 | MeshID = }} 3 : Metabolic disorders|Alcohol abuse|Acid–base disturbances |
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