| 词条 | Dipper well |
| 释义 |
A dipper well is a perpetual-flow sink often used in coffeehouses and ice cream shops to rinse utensils.[1] Ice cream scoops and other food-preparation utensils can be placed under the continuous stream in order to remove allergens and protect against bacterial growth.[2] Most dipper wells have a single spigot and can be adjusted for both hot and cold water use. As largely a commercial appliance, dipper well valves are typically kept at full flow during all serving hours.[3] Dipper wells have also been used as key components in pharmacological experimentation.[4] CriticismThe dipper well has been criticized in the United States as wasteful since on average it pumps {{convert|30|to|60|USgal|L}} of water an hour and is normally left running continuously.[1][3][5] Because its potential for water waste is counteracted by a potential for increased sanitation, most health regulations do not prohibit or mandate dipper wells. It was estimated in 1988 that a dipper well running 12 hours a day in a single business could use up to {{convert|260,000|USgal|m3}} of water yearly.[5] It was found that some establishments, however, left dipper wells running even while the business was closed.[1] Starbucks Corporation, for example, was targeted in 2008 for wasting over {{convert|6|e6USgal|m3}} of water daily through use of dipper wells.[6] The company's health and safety regulations prohibited the immediate shut-off of Starbucks dipper wells in order to prevent the breeding of pathogens,[7] but meanwhile continued work towards environmentally friendly washing alternatives.[8][9]References1. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.lvrj.com/news/47195482.html|title=UNLV professor targets 'wasteful' dipper wells|last=Brean|first=Henry|date=8 June 2009|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|page=1B|accessdate=7 June 2010}} {{Use DMY dates|date=August 2015}}2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_287209.html|title=Starbucks' taps left running|last=Tan|first=Amelia|date=8 October 2008|work=Straits Times|accessdate=7 June 2010|location=Singapore}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=healthcare.fisher_nickel_feb_2005|title=Best Practices — Dipper well|work=Energy Star|accessdate=8 June 2010}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Vogel|first=Hans J.|title=Drug Discovery and Evaluation|year=2002|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=3-540-42396-6}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1988-07-15/local/me-6948_1_ice-cream/2|title=People and Events|last=Jones|first=Jack|date=15 July 1988|work=Los Angeles Times|page=2|accessdate=7 June 2010|location=Los Angeles, California}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/SmartHome/story?id=5964908&page=1|title=Starbucks Wasting More Than 6 Million Gallons of Water a Day|last=Victor|first=Philip|date=6 October 2008|work=ABC News|accessdate=7 June 2010|location=London}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7012552461|title=Up To 6.18 Million Gallons Of Water Wasted By Starbucks By Keeping Its Cold Taps Always Open|last=AHN Staff|date=6 October 2008|work=All Headline News|accessdate=7 June 2010}}{{Dead link|date=August 2015}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_288502.html|title=Taps turned off|last=Tan|first=Amelia|date=11 October 2008|work=Straits Times|accessdate=8 June 2010|location=Singapore}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.caterersearch.com/Articles/2008/10/08/323956/starbucks-wasted-water-row-ignites-debate.htm|title=Starbucks wasted water row ignites debate|last=Boughton|first=Ian|date=8 October 2008|work=CatererSearch.com|accessdate=8 June 2010}} 2 : Plumbing|Kitchenware |
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