| 词条 | Dome Creek, British Columbia |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Dome Creek, British Columbia |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Community |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Canada British Columbia geo |pushpin_label_position = none |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Dome Creek in British Columbia |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Canada |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = British Columbia |subdivision_type2 = Land District |subdivision_name2 = Cariboo |subdivision_type3 = Regional District |subdivision_name3 = Fraser-Fort George |subdivision_type4 = Geographic Region |subdivision_name4 = Robson Valley |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |population_as_of = |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|53|45|00|N|121|02|00|W|region:CA-BC|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = 250, 778 |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }}Dome Creek is located between Penny and Crescent Spur on the southwest side of the Fraser River in central British Columbia. With about 40 permanent residents, it is a year-round destination for hiking, hunting, snowshoeing and snowmobiling. The scattered community, which has a small rustic post office, clusters the railway line and the actual creek (crossed by its own road and rail bridges). The creek and town are similarly named after Dome Mountain. The recreational facility, which occupies the former school building, houses the community hall, a public library and a museum. The visitor centre (former library) stands at the front of the lot occupied by the former community hall. (Material specific to Bend is contained in that article.) Transportation{{main|Dome Creek station}}It is a flag stop for Via Rail's Jasper – Prince Rupert train.[2] The immediate Via Rail stops are Bend to the northwest and Loos to the southeast. When Greyhound cancelled this route in 2018, this scheduled bus stop closed. BC Bus North, the replacement operator,[3] runs non-stop between Prince George and McBride.[4] HistoryRailwayThe creek mouth was 156 miles from Fort George via the Fraser.[5] With river access to bring in workers and supplies, it became a significant railway construction camp, whose population may have peaked at 2,000.[6][7] Foley, Welch and Stewart (FW&S) was the prime contractor for the Mountain Section. However, owing to unprecedented low water limiting navigation, FW&S's larger boats remained berthed from early winter, 1911, to spring, 1913.[8] Cement supplies for the bridge were stranded at the Goat River Rapids, awaiting sleigh transportation once winter arrived.[9] The concrete for the bridge's east abutment was poured before the end of 1912.[10] The low-level Dome Creek and Hansard railway bridges curtailed the previous steamboat navigation. In 1913, the railway started construction, despite not having received approval from Ottawa's Board of Railway Commissioners with respect to their height clearances, which triggered a response by the Barnard steamboat organization. During 1913, the west abutment was completed.[11] When the river thawed, the FW&S boats were launched to bring supplies from the railhead at Tête Jaune.[12] The Dome Creek bridge crosses the Fraser at Mile 56.7, Fraser Subdivision (about Mile 146 during the line's construction,[13] but sometimes recorded as Mile 140,[14] or Mile 142).[15] A temporary wooden trestle carried the track until the steel bridge's completion. The piers were poured during the 1912/13 winter.[8][16] The Bates & Rogers Construction Co. were the contractors for the bridge substructure (piers and abutments) and the Canadian Bridge Co. for the superstructure (steelwork).[17] By August, the steel bridge girders were being installed,[15] and the railway tracks had been laid from Mile 53 (Tête Jaune) to Mile 138,[18] and then Mile 142.[19] Actually located at Mile 55.9, Fraser Subdivision[20][21] (formerly about Mile 145), the Dome Creek station was also identified as Mile 141,[22] 142,[23][16] or 145.[24] Miles 140-142 (surrounding the Kidd station) may well have been the actual locations of construction camps.[25] The Railway Commission having handed over control to the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTP) to operate this section, their first passenger arrived at Mile 141 that month.[22] By October, the bridge was nearing completion.[26] During construction, small seven-ton locomotives operated on the temporary narrow gauge (24-inch) track laid in advance of the permanent track. A surviving example exists in the Prince George Railway & Forestry Museum. When one such locomotive sank into the muskeg nearby, a second one also sank while trying to extract it. At least one of these is believed to be preserved in the bog.[27] Not a planned station on the GTP (the Canadian National Railway after nationalization), Dome Creek did not appear in the 1914 timetable nor on a map dating no earlier than 1916.[28][29] Probably opened around 1920,[30][31] the train station was situated between Bend to its northwest, and Kidd to its southeast. The railway water towers between Prince George and McBride were Giscome, Hutton, Dome Creek, Goat River and Legrand.[32] Jack E. Brennan arrived in 1915, and the couple were part of the community's social circle.[33][34] Retiring in 1940 after 25 years maintaining locomotives, he died before receiving his first superannuation cheque.[35] Speeders[36] or railway cars provided the only transport for medical emergencies, but often it came too late.[37] Trains sometimes struck straying livestock.[38] In 1960, a black bear mauled Heller Hreczka, a CNR section hand (track maintenance), while he walked along the railway right-of-way. He was hospitalized with gashes to the head, shoulders and chest.[39] When the Prince George-McBride way freights, coming from opposite directions, passed at Dome Creek during the 1950s, there was a sufficient break for passengers to change trains.[40] The station became a flag stop in the late 1950s.[41][42][43] In 1985, a derailment occurred at Mile 55.[44] The station building, which was opened, closed and cleaned daily until the early 1990s,[45] is long gone. In 2000, the section crew relocated.[46] Pioneers & CommunityDome Creek, an ideal location for timber, tourists and hunting, was chosen as a townsite.[47] O.E. Hood & Co. was the first store at Mile 142. The chain already operated at the Mile 53 (Tête Jaune) and Mile 79 camps, and was erecting a modern building in Fort George.[48] J.O. Kendall was the inaugural postmaster (1916–19). By 1920, Mr. Bremner ran a store.[49] James (Jimmy) Stewart opened a restaurant, billiard parlour, barber shop, and later, a store,[50] where he was postmaster (1920–25),[51][52] a role commonly performed by a storeowner in such towns. Stewart moved his store to Snowshoe.[53] A double drowning occurred at Mile 145 in 1915.[54] Arriving in 1917, Chris and Frank Gleason were pioneers to the area, who had left America to escape the World War I draft.[55] The brothers were prospectors, trappers,[56] and supply agents for fox breeding.[57] During the 1932/33 winter, Chris shot a big timber wolf prowling near the school, one of numerous sightings around the community.[58] The merchants[59] had a general store,[60] and were fined for exceeding the controlled prices during World War II.[61] After Chris died, Frank operated the store until its sale in the 1950s.[55] Frank was postmaster (1937–51). Henry Miller, known for his teams of horses, settled in Dome Creek in the 1910s.[62] In 1919, while Henry was picking blackberries, his uncle rescued him from a vicious bear mauling.[63] A year later, at his trial for burning O.B.U. mail, he was acquitted.[64] In 1922, he and his wife relocated to west of McBride,[65] where they ran a dairy farm.[66][62] On selling this property to Nance Lumber[62] {{Crossreference|selfref=no|(see #Forestry)}}, he returned to Dome Creek as a logging contractor.[67] He remained a resident[68] until his death in 1978,[62] his wife having predeceased him in 1953.[69] Their son James was postmaster (1951-1990s). The school opened in 1918, with Malcolm Humphrey Rae as the inaugural teacher. On the closure of the Bend school in 1946, those students transferred. The left-hand section of the present building dates from 1954, with the right-hand wing added two years later to accommodate over 40 pupils.[70] A new three-roomed teacherage opened in 1955.[71] The average enrolment during 1981-84 was 14.[72] By the mid-1980s, operating at 38 percent student capacity,[73] and smaller class sizes, significantly increased costs per student. Unlike its counterparts slated for closure, the school was granted special status until 1991.[74] At the request of the parents, the school added Grade 8 from the 1992/93 year.[75] With only six students, the school closed in 2001.[70] In the early years, some community dances (often farewell functions) were held in the schoolhouse.[76][77] After the railway construction phase, the population dwindled to 150 (which included 18 farmers) by 1921, with a post-office and the Gleason store serving the residents.[6] In the 1940s, residents often traveled to Penny to participate in their dances,[78] but in 1958, Dome Creek held a parade, picnic and dance on July 1.[79] During the 1925/26 winter, William Allan Goodson, who worked traplines in the wilderness between Prince George and the Robson Valley, went missing. Emmet Baxter (Shorty) Haynes guided the initial police search to the subject's cabin, which was in an area 17 miles upstream on the Fraser. Comments Goodson had previously made to James Stewart (see three paragraphs above) , and notes in his cabin, indicated that Haynes had threatened his life. Further searches revealed no traces of a body and it remains a cold case. Five years later, when Haynes was two weeks overdue in checking in at the Dome Creek post-office, concerns arose as to the popular trapper's wellbeing.[80] By 1914, Haynes, was described as a well-known old-timer, who was over six-foot tall. Research by novelist Jack Boudreau of Penny indicated that Goodson was suspected of stealing from others’ traplines. Apparently, Haynes and Goodson had been feuding for years. At a secretive meeting of trappers at Dome Creek, Haynes volunteered to deal with the matter, but because of his popularity, nobody snitched on him. In 1928, when riding in the vicinity, Haynes shattered his leg when his horse stumbled and fell upon him.[81] On his death in 1953, Haynes, who served in World War I, had worked in many central B.C. locations.[82][83] In 1913, Ernest H. Jensen arrived with a railway construction gang.[84] His brothers Einer W. and Arne arriving around the same time, all were trappers.[85] After Einer died at 63 in 1952,[86] Ernest, Arne, and John (Jack) W. Carneski were the only old-timers left, apart from James B. Hooker of Bend.[87] In 1960, when an amphibian plane clipped a suspended cable when landing on the Fraser, the occupants paddled their wrecked plane to shore. After walking 1.5 miles to Ernest Jensen's cabin, he transported them the 10 miles downstream by boat to Dome Creek.[88] Ernest died at 72 in 1966.[89] Later that year, during the CNR strike, Arne took Susan Hale (second paragraph following) and her mother upstream on a four-hour boat trip to Crescent Spur, where his passengers completed the remaining 35 miles by truck, so that Susan could reach McBride for the beginning of school term.[90] In the early 1930s, Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Hale, resided at Kidd,[91] with their children Stanley, Cecil Edgar, Leslie Wilson, John Kenneth, and Vivien Agnes, the older ones forming part of the Dome Creek social circle.[92] Her parents had moved to Urling by the time Vivien married Robert Blackwood and the newlyweds settled in Dunster,[93] but Robert did erect a sawmill in Dome Creek.[94] {{Crossreference|selfref=no|(see #Forestry)}} Stanley had moved to Snowshoe and married. In 1937, he had a daughter,[95] but his marriage to Margaret had ended by 1945.[96] Also in 1937, Leslie had taken up a preemption at Dome Creek,[97] and was an assistant forestry ranger.[98] In 1940, L. Wilson Hale married Dorothy Bown.[99] The four brothers and Robert Blackwood enlisted during World War II.[100] Dorothy stayed in Dome Creek,[101] though she also spent time with her parents.[102] Vivien and her children resided with her own parents,[103] but the family relocated to Prince George after the war.[104] The brothers, having resettled in Dome Creek, children followed for Stanley[105] and L. Wilson Hale.[106] In 1950, Cecil Edgar married June Robson,[107] and John Kenneth married Mildred Edith Brine. By that time, the Hale seniors had relocated to Prince George and Wilson's family to Finmore.[108] Settled in Dome Creek,[109] Cecil Edgar and June had only one child, Susan.[110] In 1954, Stanley Hale was violently assaulted.[111] When June Hale died at 39 after a lengthy illness,[112] her husband remained at Dome Creek.[113] A. Helmer Westerlund, was a resident by the early 1920s.[114] Olga (1902–98) arrived in 1924 and they were married three years later.[115] To complement their farming income, Helmer worked in pole camps, and successfully sued[116] contractor Fred Stevens[117] for non-payment of wages. Visiting school officials, railway employees, and dignitaries boarded at their house. Daughter Ruth attended high school in Prince George,[118] where Olga joined her for a period.[119] Ruth moved away, married Donald Watson in 1952, and died of a blood disease at 27 in 1955.[120] Son Ivan E. attended high school in Prince George,[121] married Beverley Beecroft in 1956,[122] and assumed responsibility for the farm.[123] Relocating to Prince George in 1955, Helmer and Olga ran a boarding house until 1974.[124] In 1979, Helmer died at 89.[125] Ivan's oldest son, Ivan Jr,[126] attended the Jericho Hill School for the Deaf in Vancouver,[127] an institution whose reputation has since been sullied by evidence of rampant sexual abuse.[128] The couple raised four further children at Dome Creek.[129] During the 1960s, Audrey & Russell Stannard managed a boarding house at Dome Creek.[130][131] John E. Humphreys ran a store from 1947 until retirement[132] and lived to 80.[133] He owned one of most complete collections of Canadian coins in Northern BC.[134] In 1957, his wife Jean Humphreys (end quarter of referenced section) joined him from Penny and died at 86.[135] Son James (Jim) R. (1940-2011) lived with wife Dianne and their children[136] in Dome Creek for a period. In 1976, he unsuccessfully ran for regional district director for area H (Dome Creek-Dunster).[137] In the 1967/68 winter, an ice jam in the creek flooded out most of the 60 residents, with only the railway station, the boarding house and a few homes spared. George Alan Howe, proprietor of the Creekside Store and post-office, temporarily relocated his business to the two-roomed train station. The access road to Highway 16 was submerged. When the Highways Department dynamited the ice, fragments from the explosion crashed through the roof of John Humphrey's house, which was already under four feet of water. Jack Carneski, a resident of the Dome Creek area since 1911, considered the flooding worse than the Fraser River spring flood of 1936.[138] Jean & Alan Fuller Howe, who arrived in 1967, operated a store for a period.[139] By 1969, the store and boarding house were closed.[130] The Dome Diner operated a 24-hour restaurant during the early 1990s.[140] Closed and boarded up, it stands on Highway 16 at the Dome Creek Road turnoff. Sue's Kitchen existed in the late 1990s,[141] followed by Ma's and Pa's Kitchen.[46] During the 1940s and 1950s, two houses burned to the ground.[142] The Catholic Church, opened in 1960,[143] has been repurposed. A reunion, celebrating the 75th anniversary of the former school, was held August 6–8, 1993.[144] ForestryThe narrow strip of accessible spruce forest bordering the railway that stretched some 100 miles east of Prince George was known as the East Line.[145] The Dome Lumber Co., the first sawmill, dammed the creek and floated logs the five miles down to their mill.[130] In 1912, the Northern Lumber Co. completed building their sawmill, shingle mill and sash-door factory.[146] The June 1922 forest fire threatened the mill, situated four miles from town, but firefighting by men dispatched by the fire warden limited the damage to burned logs.[147] By 1914, an even larger mill was built by the Upper Fraser Mills Co.,[82] with new machinery received the following year.[148] By 1921, three lumber companies operated,[6] but the Dome Lumber Co. was subject to winding up orders.[149] That year experienced hot dry weather, with mill workers from the Upper Fraser Lumber Co. (aka Fraser Timber syndicate) fighting forest fires which threatened the mill.[150] During 1922, neither of the remaining mills operated,[151] possibly unable to secure timber supplies.[152] Using a portable sawmilling bench, James B. Hooker of Bend cut firewood, likely from devastated areas.[153] At the liquidation sale of the Dome Lumber Co. in 1923, Bashaw Lumber Co. purchased the assets and moved them to east of Dewey (Sinclair Mills)[154] to replace its own mill destroyed by fire the previous September.[155] The Fraser Timber syndicate intended to start milling in spring and the Imperial Lumber Co. planned to build a new mill.[156] An assistant forest ranger was seasonal from spring to fall.[157] Robert Blackwood held the position in the late 1930s.[158] In 1940, the CNR installed a spur at Mile 54 for the B. Blackwood & partners mill.[159] By the late 1940s, Standard Forest Products had acquired sawmills at Tête Jaune, Eddy, Dome Creek and Penny.[160] Throughout the 1950s, Lamming Bros. had logging and milling operations in the area.[161] During the late 1950s, the Nance Lumber Co provided bus transport to their new sawmill.[162] The company had operated in McBride since the early 1950s.[163] Based in Red Deer, Alberta, it possessed holdings in McBride and Dome Creek at the time its owner, William Theodore Nance, died in 1965.[164] Purchased by Northwood, the mill closed in 1967.[131] During the early 1960s, Red Rock Lumber and Hooker Brothers also operated sawmills in the Dome Creek area.[130][46] RoadsAnticipating a coming highway connection, some residents would have voluntarily constructed roads, but were hampered by a lack of surveys. The wheat and oat farmers would have benefited from a threshing machine, but it was too large to transport by rail.[165] In 1960, when only 15 vehicles and 14 miles of road (of varying quality) existed around Dome Creek, the requirement for vehicles to be licensed and insured was enforced. However, vehicles could still use tax-free dyed fuel.[166] The following year, the demand of communities for a road link to Prince George was highlighted when bad weather forced a small aircraft returning from a mercy flight to land at Dome Creek. On attempting a take-off, the plane flipped on a snow-filled ditch and sustained extensive damage.[167][168] By the 1962/63 winter, work on a highway to link southeast from McBride included a right-of-way cleared and grubbed from Twin Creek via Crescent Spur to Dome Creek.[169] The following November, the McBride and District Chamber of Commerce approached the Highways Department to reinstate the crossing at Mile 50 and put in a winter road to Dome Creek.[170] With further road-building equipment and supplies brought in by rail,[171] during 1967, Standard General Construction worked northwest from Dome Creek, and Ginter Construction southeast, in building Highway 16.[172] A fire at the Standard General construction camp caused $200,000 of damage.[173] At the time, the community was only accessible by river or rail. By January 1968, the gravel road linking Prince George and McBride was drivable,[174] except during the muddy spring breakup, when sections were impassable. Popular throughout that summer,[175] it was not open to passenger bus operators because the three Bailey bridges were deemed subpar.[176] Between the Willow River and Dome Creek, work was starting on the Willow and Bowron River bridges, and 50 miles were paved and seven miles remained as gravel. To the southeast, the West Twin and McBride bridges were nearing completion.[177] The 20.6-mile Dome Creek-Crescent Spur section would be paved in 1969.[178] Although the unfinished Prince George-McBride sections were expected to be paved that year,[179] work was not completed on the final 50 miles[180] until the last of the new bridges opened in mid-1970.[181] In 1997, five people died in a car that lost control on ice and collided with a loaded westbound logging truck on the Highway 16 hill just west of the bridge across Dome Creek.[182] Electricity, Broadcast Transmissions & Communications DevicesBy 1930, radio listeners enjoyed clear reception.[183] For enthusiasts wishing to receive messages from ships at sea or isolated ports, Prof. W. Reade was offering courses in telegraphy at Dome Creek.[184] From 1929, the CNR telephone lines opened for public usage, linking Dome Creek with Prince George,[185] but were not connected with the outside telephone network until 1931.[186] McBride had to wait until 1955, when North-West Telephone Company leased a special circuit from the CNR which connected with Dome Creek.[187] By 1967, only one active telephone remained in Dome Creek, which was in the general store, after the mill's one was disconnected on closedown.[131] In 1992, the referendum for a telephone service, financed by an additional $175 in property tax each year, was approved.[188] The following year, the regional district installed the system.[189] In 1984, the referendum for an electricity supply, at a cost of $214,100 for the community after government subsidies, amortized to property taxes over 20 years, was approved.[190] The next year, BC Hydro constructed an electrical distribution line to the community.[191] Completed in 2014, the Telus cell tower near Dome Creek has also served over 16 kilometers of Highway 16 between Penny and Dome Mountain.[192] Climate{{Weather box|location = Dome Creek |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 11.1 |Feb record high C = 14 |Mar record high C = 20 |Apr record high C = 28.3 |May record high C = 34.5 |Jun record high C = 33 |Jul record high C = 34 |Aug record high C = 35 |Sep record high C = 32 |Oct record high C = 25.5 |Nov record high C = 15.5 |Dec record high C = 9.5 |year record high C = 35 |Jan high C = -4.5 |Feb high C = -0.4 |Mar high C = 5.2 |Apr high C = 11.6 |May high C = 16.8 |Jun high C = 19.4 |Jul high C = 22.4 |Aug high C = 22.1 |Sep high C = 16.1 |Oct high C = 9.7 |Nov high C = 1.1 |Dec high C = -3.7 |year high C = 9.6 |Jan mean C = -9.5 |Feb mean C = -5.8 |Mar mean C = -0.8 |Apr mean C = 4.4 |May mean C = 9.2 |Jun mean C = 12.5 |Jul mean C = 14.7 |Aug mean C = 14.4 |Sep mean C = 9.8 |Oct mean C = 4.4 |Nov mean C = -2.7 |Dec mean C = -8 |year mean C = 3.6 |Jan low C = -14.3 |Feb low C = -11.2 |Mar low C = -6.9 |Apr low C = -2.9 |May low C = 1.5 |Jun low C = 5.5 |Jul low C = 7.1 |Aug low C = 6.7 |Sep low C = 3.4 |Oct low C = -0.9 |Nov low C = -6.5 |Dec low C = -12.3 |year low C = -2.6 |Jan record low C = -46.1 |Feb record low C = -40 |Mar record low C = -36.7 |Apr record low C = -19 |May record low C = -10 |Jun record low C = -4 |Jul record low C = -1 |Aug record low C = -6.5 |Sep record low C = -8 |Oct record low C = -21 |Nov record low C = -38.5 |Dec record low C = -47 |year record low C = -47 |Jan precipitation mm = 84.2 |Feb precipitation mm = 55.4 |Mar precipitation mm = 44.7 |Apr precipitation mm = 41.5 |May precipitation mm = 53.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 90.9 |Jul precipitation mm = 76.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 73.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 79 |Oct precipitation mm = 74.4 |Nov precipitation mm = 73 |Dec precipitation mm = 95 |year precipitation mm = 841.8 |source 1 = 1971-2000 Environment Canada[193] |date=October 2012 }} Footnotes1. ^ 2. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.viarail.ca/en/stations/rockies-and-pacific/Dome-Creek| title=Dome Creek flag stop| website=VIA Rail}} 3. ^Prince George Citizen, 29 May 2018 4. ^https://bcbus.ca/schedules-and-fares/ 5. ^Fort George Herald: 21 Jan 1911; 15 Apr 1911; 20 May 1911; & 3 to 24 Jun 1913 6. ^1 2 The Robson Valley..., p. 43 7. ^https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/18239.html 8. ^1 Fort George Herald, 21 Sep 1912 9. ^Fort George Herald, 28 Sep 1912 10. ^Fort George Herald, 30 Nov 1912 11. ^Fort George Herald, 28 Jun 1913 12. ^Fort George Herald, 10 May 1913 13. ^Fort George Herald: 4 Oct 1913 & 3 Dec 1913 14. ^Fort George Herald, 14 Dec 1912 15. ^1 Fort George Herald, 3 May 1913 16. ^1 Fort George Tribune: 2 & 9 Aug 1913 17. ^http://www.exporail.org/can_rail/Canadian%20Rail_no476_2000.pdf p. 70 18. ^Fort George Tribune, 2 Aug 1913 19. ^Fort George Tribune, 9 Aug 1913 20. ^{{cite web|title=CN Timetable: Nov 20, 1977|url=http://www.cwrailway.ca/cnrha.ca/Timetables/Mountain%20Region/BC%20North%20Division/Fraser.pdf}} 21. ^https://www.viarail.ca/sites/all/files/media/pdfs/route_guides/Route_Guide_Jasper_Prince_Rupert_EN.pdf 22. ^1 Fort George Herald, 30 Aug 1913 23. ^Fort George Herald: 17 & 31 May 1913; & 3 Dec 1913 24. ^Fort George Herald: 13 Sep 1913 & 4 Oct 1913 25. ^Ghost Towns on…, p. 106 26. ^Fort George Herald, 4 Oct 1913 27. ^Prince George Citizen, 27 Jan 1984 28. ^GTP Timetable 1914 29. ^http://maps.library.utoronto.ca/datapub/digital/G_R_3572_C4P3_1911.jpg (Use of names Stuart, Loos, Rider and Mt. Cavell date map as 1916-23) 30. ^Prince George Citizen, 18 Nov 1921 31. ^http://www.railwaystationlists.co.uk/pdfcanada/britishcolumbiarlys.pdf 32. ^Morrow, Trelle A. (2010). The Grand Trunk Pacific and other Fort George stuff. CNC Press, p.89 33. ^Prince George Leader: 15 Feb 1923 & 1 Mar 1923 34. ^Prince George Citizen, 2 Feb 1933 35. ^Prince George Citizen: 9 Jan 1941 & 6 Feb 1941 36. ^Prince George Citizen, 29 Sep 1975 37. ^Prince George Citizen, 27 Jan 1984 (40) 38. ^Prince George Citizen, 28 Jan 1943 39. ^Prince George Citizen, 25 Oct 1960 40. ^Boudreau, Clarence & Olga. (2003). Into the Mists of Time. Self-published. p. 5 41. ^http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=1689130&lang=eng&rec_nbr_list=3800360,1689130,721322,1587930,1590854,1591489,1591184,3299707,3407407,4047059 42. ^https://www.traingeek.ca/timetableshow.php?id=cn_19571027&pagenum=53&nosmall=0&showlarge=1 43. ^http://streamlinermemories.info/CAN/CN61TT.pdf, p. 39 44. ^Prince George Citizen: 27 Nov 1985 to 5 Dec 1985 45. ^Prince George Citizen, 16 Oct 1992 46. ^1 2 Prince George Citizen, 5 May 2001 47. ^Fort George Herald: 18 Mar 1911, 22 Jul 1911, 5 Aug 1911 & 16 Dec 1911 48. ^Fort George Herald, 31 May 1913 49. ^Prince George Citizen, 14 May 1920 50. ^Prince George Leader: 4 Jun 1919 & 23 Nov 1922 51. ^Prince George Citizen, 26 Aug 1958 52. ^{{cite web|title=Postmasters|url= https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/postal-heritage-philately/post-offices-postmasters/Pages/item.aspx?IdNumber=28211&}} 53. ^The Robson Valley..., p. 42 54. ^Prince George Post, 10 Apr 1915 55. ^1 Prince George Citizen, 8 Feb 1993 56. ^Prince George Citizen, 15 Jul 1921 57. ^Prince George Citizen: 6 & 27 Aug 1925 58. ^Prince George Citizen, 16 Feb 1933 59. ^Prince George Citizen, 14 Sep 1933 60. ^Prince George Citizen: 25 Apr 1940; 2 May 1940; 15 Oct 1942; 25 Nov 1943; 2, 9 & 16 Dec 1943; 16 Aug 1945; & 21 Dec 1950 61. ^Prince George Citizen, 25 Oct 1945 62. ^1 2 3 The Robson Valley..., p. 363 63. ^Prince George Citizen, 4 Jun 1919 64. ^Prince George Citizen, 23 Jun 1920 65. ^Prince George Leader, 31 Mar 1922 66. ^Prince George Citizen, 12 May 1938 67. ^Prince George Citizen, 29 Jan 1948 68. ^Prince George Citizen: 14 Sep 1950, 8 Mar 1951, 16 Apr 1953, 8 Apr 1965 & 3 Jun 1966 69. ^Prince George Citizen, 7 May 1953 70. ^1 Prince George Citizen, 10 Apr 2013 71. ^Prince George Citizen, 12 May 1955 72. ^Prince George Citizen: 4 Sep 1981, 20 Oct 1982, 21 Apr 1983 & 25 Oct 1984 73. ^Prince George Citizen, 25 Apr 1986 74. ^Prince George Citizen, 25 Apr 1987 75. ^Prince George Citizen, 17 Jun 1992 76. ^Prince George Citizen: 4 & 11 Jun 1919, 12 Jul 1923 & 15 Sep 1932 77. ^Prince George Leader: 21 Dec 1922 & 1 Mar 1923 78. ^Prince George Citizen: 18 Jul 1946, 1 May 1947, & 15 & 26 Aug 1948 79. ^Prince George Citizen, 16 Jul 1958 80. ^Prince George Citizen, 14 May 1931 81. ^Prince George Citizen, 2 Aug 1928 82. ^1 Fort George Herald, 11 Apr 1914 83. ^Prince George Citizen: 23 Jul 1919, 11 Mar 1926, 13 May 1926, 5 Feb 1953 & 27 Nov 2009 84. ^Prince George Citizen, 31 Jan 1966 85. ^Prince George Citizen, 30 Jun 1949 86. ^Prince George Citizen, 14 Feb 1952 87. ^Prince George Citizen: 9 Oct 1924, 26 Aug 1958 & 29 Sep 1961 88. ^Prince George Citizen, 12 Aug 1960 89. ^Prince George Citizen, 3 Jan 1966 90. ^Prince George Citizen, 19 Sep 1966 91. ^Prince George Citizen, 15 Oct 1931 92. ^Prince George Citizen: 2 Feb 1933 & 23 Mar 1933 93. ^Prince George Citizen, 26 Nov 1936 94. ^Prince George Citizen, 7 Dec 1939 95. ^Prince George Citizen, 19 Aug 1937 96. ^Prince George Citizen: 20 & 27 Sep 1945 97. ^Prince George Citizen, 29 Apr 1937 98. ^Prince George Citizen: 26 Aug 1937, 23 May 1946 & 8 May 1947 99. ^Prince George Citizen, 19 Dec 1940 100. ^Prince George Citizen: 7 Aug 1941, 23 Jul 1942, 3 Sep 1942, 22 Oct 1942, 26 Oct 1944, 9 Aug 1945 & 16 May 1946 101. ^Prince George Citizen: 5 Nov 1942, 24 Feb 1944 & 19 Jul 1945 102. ^Prince George Citizen: 7 Oct 1943, 8 Feb 1945 & 24 May 1945 103. ^Prince George Citizen: 15 Jul 1943, 24 Feb 1944 & 17 May 1945 104. ^Prince George Citizen: 6 Sep 1945, 2 May 1946 & 18 Jul 1946 105. ^Prince George Citizen: 30 Jun 1949, 13 Jul 1950, 25 Feb 1954 & 10 Nov 1955 106. ^Prince George Citizen, 9 Jan 1947 107. ^Prince George Citizen, 1 Jun 1950 108. ^Prince George Citizen, 27 Jul 1950 109. ^Prince George Citizen, 23 Oct 1950 110. ^Prince George Citizen, 23 Oct 1952 111. ^Prince George Citizen, 25 Nov 1954 112. ^Prince George Citizen, 13 May 1968 113. ^Prince George Citizen: 1 Aug 1969, 14 Aug 1981 & 26 Mar 1987 114. ^Prince George Leader, 15 Feb 1923 115. ^Prince George Citizen: 30 Nov 1985, 5 Jun 1992 & 20 Feb 1998 116. ^Prince George Citizen: 2 Apr 1931 & 2 Jul 1936 117. ^Prince George Citizen, 1 Mar 1956 118. ^Prince George Citizen: 3 Sep 1942 & 1 Jul 1943 119. ^Prince George Citizen: 18 Nov 1943; 4 & 11 May 1944; & 8 Mar 1945 120. ^Prince George Citizen, 28 Mar 1955 121. ^Prince George Citizen, 6 Jul 1944 122. ^Prince George Citizen, 26 Apr 1956 123. ^Prince George Citizen: 29 Sep 1975 & 9 Aug 1989 124. ^Prince George Citizen: 29 Sep 1975 & 5 Jun 1992 125. ^Prince George Citizen, 10 Apr 1979 126. ^Prince George Citizen, 13 Nov 1956 127. ^Prince George Citizen: 20 Dec 1963 & 9 Sep 1965 128. ^Prince George Citizen, 18 Nov 1993 129. ^Prince George Citizen, 20 Feb 1998 130. ^1 2 3 The Robson Valley..., p. 44 131. ^1 2 Prince George Citizen, 6 Feb 1968 132. ^Prince George Citizen: 13 & 15 Sep 1965; & 20 Oct 1965 133. ^Prince George Citizen: 6 May 1960 & 12 Feb 1987 134. ^Prince George Citizen, 18 Apr 1961 135. ^Prince George Citizen, 2 Apr 1996 136. ^Prince George Citizen: 21 Apr 1972, 22 Oct 1974 & 16 Mar 2011 137. ^Prince George Citizen: 10, 17 & 22 Nov 1976 138. ^Prince George Citizen: 6 & 8 Feb 1968 139. ^Prince George Citizen, 27 May 1994 140. ^Prince George Citizen: 22 Apr 1991, 30 May 1992 & 5 Feb 1994 141. ^Prince George Citizen, 10 Nov 1998 142. ^Prince George Citizen: 7 Feb 1946 & 17 Nov 1958 143. ^Prince George Citizen, 25 Jul 1960 144. ^Prince George Citizen: 5 & 10 Mar 1993; & 18 Aug 1993 145. ^http://summit.sfu.ca/system/files/iritems1/6364/b16611068.pdf, p. 14 146. ^Fort George Herald: 22 Jul 1911 & 4 May 1912 147. ^Fort George Herald, 22 Jun 1912 148. ^Prince George Post, 5 Jun 1915 149. ^Prince George Citizen: 25 Jan 1921; 1 Mar 1921; & 2, 9, 16 & 23 Dec 1921 150. ^Prince George Citizen, 23 May 1921 151. ^Prince George Citizen, 4 Apr 1922 152. ^Ghost Towns on…, p. 108 153. ^Prince George Leader, 23 Nov 1922 154. ^Ghost Towns on…, pp. 72-73 155. ^Prince George Citizen: 5 & 12 Jan 1923 156. ^Prince George Citizen, 12 Apr 1923 157. ^Prince George Citizen,:27 Apr 1944, 14 Jun 1945, 23 May 1946, 8 May 1947, 17 Jun 1948 & 26 May 1949 158. ^Prince George Citizen: 11 Nov 1937, 2 Dec 1937, 20 Jan 1938 & 15 Dec 1938 159. ^Prince George Citizen, 1 Aug 1940 160. ^Prince George Citizen, 6 Feb 1947 161. ^Prince George Citizen: 2 & 16 Nov 1950, 5 Apr 1951, 28 Jun 1951, 9 Feb 1953 & 10 Jan 1957 162. ^Prince George Citizen: 26 Aug 1958, 23 Sep 1958 & 20 Oct 1958 163. ^Prince George Citizen: 14 Feb 1952; 29 Oct 1953 to 31 Dec 1953; & 21 & 30 May 1957 164. ^Prince George Citizen, 10 Aug 1965 165. ^Prince George Citizen, 29 Sep 1938 166. ^Prince George Citizen, 6 May 1960 167. ^Prince George Citizen, 30 Nov 1961 168. ^The Robson Valley..., p. 348 169. ^Prince George Citizen, 30 Jan1963 170. ^Prince George Citizen, 19 Nov 1963 171. ^Prince George Citizen, 4 Jan 1967 172. ^Prince George Citizen, 20 Jul 1967 173. ^Prince George Citizen, 16 Feb 1967 174. ^The Robson Valley..., p. 353 175. ^The Robson Valley..., p. 354 176. ^Prince George Citizen, 5 Sep 1968 177. ^Prince George Citizen, 21 Oct 1968 178. ^Prince George Citizen, 31 Dec 1968 179. ^Prince George Citizen: 22 & 26 May 1969 180. ^The Robson Valley..., p. 356 181. ^Prince George Citizen, 21 Nov 1969 182. ^Prince George Citizen, 27 Feb 1997 183. ^Prince George Citizen, 27 Nov 1930 184. ^Prince George Citizen: 22 Nov 1934; & 6 & 13 Dec 1934 185. ^Prince George Citizen, 20 Jun 1929 186. ^Prince George Citizen, 26 Feb 1931 187. ^Prince George Citizen, 4 Apr 1955 188. ^Prince George Citizen: 22 & 28 Feb 1992 189. ^Prince George Citizen: 19 Dec 1992 & 4 Jan 1994 190. ^Prince George Citizen: 25 Jun 1984; & 24 & 30 Jul 1984 191. ^Prince George Citizen: 29 May 1985 & 5 Nov 1985 192. ^https://www.therockymountaingoat.com/2014/01/cell-service-expands-on-highway-16/ 193. ^Environment Canada—1971–2000. Retrieved 18 October 2012. References
2 : Robson Valley|Populated places in the Regional District of Fraser-Fort George |
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