| 词条 | Ignatius Kutu Acheampong |
| 释义 |
| name = Ignatius Kutu Acheampong | image = Ignatius Kutu Acheampong.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | order = 6th Head of state of Ghana* | term_start = 13 January 1972 | term_end = 5 July 1978 | deputy = None – (1972 – Oct 1975) Lt. Gen. F.W.K. Akuffo (1975–1978) | predecessor = Edward Akufo-Addo | successor = Lt. Gen. F.W.K. Akuffo | birth_date = {{birth date|1931|9|23|df=y}} | birth_place = Gold Coast | death_date = {{death date and age |1979|6|16|1931|9|23|df=yes}} | death_place = Accra, Ghana | party = | spouse = Faustina Acheampong | profession = Soldier | blank1 = Religion | data1 = Christian | signature = | footnotes = *Head of State of a military government |nickname = |allegiance = {{GHA}} |branch = {{army|GHA}} |serviceyears = 1951–1978 |rank = General |unit = Royal West African Frontier Force |commands = |battles = Congo Crisis |awards = }} Ignatius Kutu Acheampong ({{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|tʃ|æ|m|'|p|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|ə|CHAM-PONG|'}}) (23 September 1931 – 16 June 1979) was a military head of state of Ghana who ruled from 13 January 1972 to 5 July 1978, when he was deposed in a palace coup. He was later executed by firing squad. Early lifeAcheampong was born to Catholic parents of Ashanti origin. He attended the Roman Catholic schools at Trabuom and the St Peter's school (also Catholic) at Kumasi, both in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. He attended the then Central College of Commerce at Agona swedru in the central region of Ghana.[1] He was commissioned in the Ghana Army in 1959, and served as part a member of the UN peacekeepers during the Congo Crisis.{{cn|date=January 2018}} PoliticsAcheampong led a bloodless coup d'état to overthrow the democratically elected government of the Progress Party and its leader Dr. Kofi Busia on 13 January 1972.[2] He became Head of State and Chairman of the National Redemption Council (NRC), which was later transformed into the Supreme Military Council on 9 October 1975, with Colonel Acheampong (promoted to General) as its chairman. Notable historical changes and events introduced or implemented in Ghana during the period under Acheampong include: the change from the imperial to the metric system of measurement, change from driving on the left to right-hand drive in "Operation Keep Right", "Operation Feed Yourself" (a programme aimed at developing self-reliance in agriculture), "National Reconstruction" (aimed at promoting employment and skill for workers), face-lift projects in cities, and the reconstruction/upgrading of stadia to meet international standards.{{cn|date=January 2018}} There were, however, widespread accusations of both the encouragement and endorsement of corruption in the country under his rule.[3] Union Government and overthrowAcheampong sought to perpetuate the military in government by introducing a model called "Union Government" or "Unigov" for short.[4] This became a very contentious national issue which was vehemently opposed by many. A referendum held on 30 March 1978 to accept or reject this concept was widely believed to be rigged, though the official results were 60.11% for and 39.89% against.[5] The electoral commissioner at the time, Justice Isaac Kobina Abban (who later became Chief Justice), went into hiding from the government for fear of his life after coming under pressure to manipulate results.[6] Acheampong was deposed in a palace coup on 5 July 1978 and succeeded by the Chief of Defence Staff, Lt. General Fred Akuffo.[4] He remained under virtual house arrest at Trabuom in the Ashanti Region until the advent of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC).[7] ExecutionAcheampong, was court martialed and executed along with General E.K. Utuka by firing squad on 16 June 1979, 10 days prior to the execution of former Heads of State (Gen. Afrifa and Gen. Akuffo) and other senior military officers (Amedume, Boakye, Felli and Kotei), following the 4th of June revolution that brought Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings and the AFRC to power.[7] FamilyAcheampong was married to Faustina Acheampong. His grandson is American football player Charlie Peprah[8]. See also
References1. ^{{cite journal |jstor=1581075 |title=Religion and Politics in Ghana, 1972 -1978. Some Case Studies from the rule of General I. K. Acheampong |author=John S. Pobee |authorlink=John S. Pobee|work=Journal of Religion in Africa XVII (1) |year=1987 |publisher=BRILL |volume=17 |pages=44–62 |doi=10.2307/1581075}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/Vol%204%20Chpt%201%20com.sec.rep.pdf |title=The Security Services |accessdate=2007-04-30 |date=October 2004 |format=pdf |work=Report of the National Reconciliation Commission Volume 4 Chapter 1 |publisher=Ghana government |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016012351/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/Vol%204%20Chpt%201%20com.sec.rep.pdf |archivedate=16 October 2006 }} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/features/opinion/remembering-general-kutu-acheampong-1.html|title=Remembering General Kutu Acheampong (1) – Graphic Online|last=El-Alawa|first=Razak|work=Graphic Online|access-date=2018-01-10|language=en-GB}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.ghana.co.uk/history/history/ghana_1972_1979.htm |title=The National Redemption Council Years, 1972-79 |accessdate=2007-04-30 |work=Ghana news website |publisher=Ghana.co.uk |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070413125241/http://www.ghana.co.uk/history/history/ghana_1972_1979.htm |archivedate=13 April 2007 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1969_National_Assembly_Election |title=Elections in Ghana |accessdate=2007-04-30 |work=African elections database |publisher=Albert C. Nunley}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ghana50.gov.gh/history/index.php?op=postIndependence5 |title=History of Ghana – Post Independence Ghana |accessdate=2007-04-30 |work=50th Independence Anniversary Celebration of Ghana |publisher=Ghana government |quote=In furtherance of the UNIGOV policy, a referendum was held on 30 March 1978 to ascertain the wishes of Ghanaians on the issue. Halfway through the referendum, the Electoral Commissioner, Mr. Justice Isaac Kobina Abban, a judge of the High Court, had to give up his job and fled into hiding, apparently to save his life. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/67dfubIjN?url=http://www.ghana50.gov.gh/history/index.php?op=postIndependence5 |archivedate=13 May 2012 |df=dmy-all }} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/VOL%202%20Part%201%20CHAPTER%206%20Review%20of%20Petitions.pdf |title=Review of Petitions E. 4th June, 1979 – 23rd September 1979 (AFRC REGIME) |accessdate=2007-04-30 |format=pdf |date=October 2004 |pages=176 |work=Report of the National Reconciliation Commission Volume 2 Part 1 Chapter 6 |publisher=Ghana government |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016013142/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/VOL%202%20Part%201%20CHAPTER%206%20Review%20of%20Petitions.pdf |archivedate=16 October 2006 }} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Crouse|first=Karen|title=To the Super Bowl via Ghana: A Packer Family’s Journey|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/06/sports/football/06peprah.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&pagewanted=all|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 6, 2011|page=SP1}} External links
President}}{{s-ttl|rows=2|title=Head of state of Ghana|years=1972–1978}}{{s-aft|rows=2|after=Fred Akuffo Head of state}}{{s-bef|before=Kofi Busia Prime Minister}}{{s-bef|before=J. Kwesi Lamptey}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister for Defence |years=1972–?}}{{s-aft|after=?}}{{s-bef|before=Joseph Henry Mensah}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister for Finance and Economic Affairs |years=1972–?}}{{s-aft|after=Amon Nikoi}}{{s-bef|before=T.D. Brodie Mends}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister for Information |years=1969-1971}}{{s-aft|after=Colonel C.R. Tachie Menson}}{{s-end}}{{Heads of State of Ghana}}{{Ghana topics}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Acheamphong, Ignatius Kutu}} 16 : 1931 births|1979 deaths|Presidents of Ghana|Ghanaian soldiers|Leaders who took power by coup|Leaders ousted by a coup|Executed presidents|Executed military personnel|Executed Ghanaian people|People executed by Ghana by firing squad|People from Tema Municipal District|Defence ministers of Ghana|Finance ministers of Ghana|Information ministers of Ghana|People of the Congo Crisis|People executed for corruption |
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