词条 | Donna M. Hughes | ||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
|name = Donna M. Hughes |birth_date = {{birth year and age|1954}} |birth_place = |death_date = |death_place = |residence = |nationality = American |field = Women's studies |work_institutions = University of Rhode Island, Eleanor M. and Oscar M. Carlson Endowed Chair, Women's Studies Program University of Bradford Pennsylvania State University |alma_mater = Pennsylvania State University (Ph.D., Genetics, 1990) |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = Research and writing on human trafficking, sexual exploitation, and sexual slavery |prizes = |religion = |module = {{ external media | topic = Dana Shugar Colloquium Lectures in Gender & Women's Studies: Presented at the Human Trafficking Conference, University of Nebraska-Lincoln | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRbvfLlnWtM Analysis of Human Trafficking Cases in Rhode Island 2009-2013] via YouTube[1] }} |footnotes = Donna M. Hughes (born 1954) is professor and Eleanor M. and Oscar M. Carlson Endowed Chair of the Women's Studies Program at the University of Rhode Island,[2] a leading international researcher on human trafficking,[3] and also sits on the editorial board of Sexualization, Media, and Society.[4] She is frequently consulted by governments and non-governmental organizations on policy related to women's human rights, particularly on trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation. She has testified before the U.S. House International Relations Committee, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, the Moscow Duma, and the Czech Parliament. Hughes has written extensively on the prevalence of these issues of exploitation of women within Islamic Fundamentalism.[5] BiographyHughes was raised on a farm in central Pennsylvania. She later attended Pennsylvania State University, earning degrees in animal science before earning a PhD in genetics in 1990.[6] While a student, she started volunteering at a rape crisis center and battered women’s shelter. For several years, she staffed the abuse hotline and co-facilitated support groups for adult survivors of child sexual abuse. During this time, she started to read feminist analyses of violence against women, particularly sexual violence and exploitation. Hughes writes that she began to feel emotional and cognitive dissonance between her scientific studies and the feminist activist work she was doing. Initially an instructor in both genetics and women's studies, an increasingly critical view of what she felt was the disconnected nature of science led her to focus on women's studies.[6] Hughes later served as a lecturer on women's studies at University of Bradford, UK, between 1994 and 1996, before moving on to a full professorship at University of Rhode Island, where she holds the Eleanor M. and Oscar M. Carlson Endowed Chair in Women's Studies. She has also served as Education and Research Coordinator for the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women.[7] Hughes is a co-founder with Melanie Shapiro of Citizens Against Trafficking. Research, Teaching, and ScholarshipHughes is a leading international researcher on human trafficking. She has completed research on the trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation in several countries, including the United States, Russia, Ukraine, and Korea. She does research and writing on women's rights. Her topic areas include: violence, slavery, sexual exploitation, Islamic fundamentalism, and women's organized resistance to violence and exploitation. She has also worked on issues related to women, science and technology. Additionally, she was the first to publish research and analysis on the role of the Internet in facilitating sexual exploitation and trafficking of women and girls, and on the mail-order bride industry. She has also written extensively on women's rights in the Islamic world. Hughes has also published several articles on the role of women in science and technology.[3][6] Her research has been supported by the U.S. State Department, the National Institute of Justice, the National Science Foundation, the Association of American Colleges and Universities, the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation, the International Organization for Migration, the Council of Europe, the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, the Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education, University of Rhode Island Foundation, the University of Rhode Island Council for Research, and the University of Bradford, UK. Honors
Activism and viewsShe is one of the leading advocates of the “prohibitionist” view of sexual labour. She is seen by many as a key figure linking the feminist and social conservative movements against sex work, which these movements refer to as "sex trafficking."[9][10] Hughes has received criticism from sex workers' rights activists[11] for her view that laws against sexual exploitation are necessary to combat human trafficking and sexual slavery,[12] and what many see as personal attacks against other academics and activists who support decriminalization of prostitution.[13][14][15][16][17] Hughes suggested that government funded HIV prevention programs should check that sex workers were not victims of abuse, rather than simply hand out condoms. In 2002 she went before the House Committee on International Relations to report several harm-reduction programs that had received US funding, carried out by NGOs such as Médecins Sans Frontières, EMPOWER Thailand, International Human Rights Law Group, and the Dutch anti-trafficking organization La Strada.[18] On April 9, 2003, she spoke before the Senate subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs "There are billions of dollars being spent on HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, and a significant portion is directed for prevention in high risk groups such as women and children in prostitution. There should be appropriate restrictions or requirements on how aid organizations and/or personnel respond when they suspect that anyone they come in contact with is abused, exploited, or enslaved."[19] Due to her conflation of all forms of prostitution with sex slavery, the changes she helped to bring about applied even to harm reduction programs that worked with under-served women in prostitution.[20]{{Failed verification|date=December 2015}} Hughes, in her efforts against sex trafficking and prostitution, has received support from Princeton scholar Robert P. George.[21] Prostitution in Rhode Island controversyFrom 2006-2009, Hughes was a leading figure in the campaign to end the decriminalized status of indoor prostitution in Rhode Island,[13][22][23] so that police could conduct anti-sex trafficking investigations. She is a founding member of the Rhode Island group, Citizens Against Trafficking (CAT) in 2009. The initial legislative battles over indoor prostitution are documented in the 2009 documentary film Happy Endings?, in which Hughes appears, speaking at a community forum on human trafficking and testifying before the state legislature to change the prostitution law.[24] In September 2009, Hughes wrote several opinion pieces in the Providence Journal supporting a version of the legislation with stronger penalties for prostitution and taking the Rhode Island State Senate to task for what she viewed as its de facto support for continuing decriminalization of prostitution.[13][25] This version of the bill was signed into law in November 2009.[26] Several Rhode Island State Senators wrote editorials disputing Hughes claim that they had kept indoor prostitution legal, with Senator Charles Levesque taking Hughes to task for, in his view, providing a highly distorted reading of the legislation passed by the RI Senate.[27][28] Soon after the Rhode Island prostitution law hearings, Hughes was involved in a controversy surrounding the opening of the Center for Sexual Pleasure and Health (CSPH), a sexual education center in Pawtucket, Rhode Island organized by Megan Andelloux, a sex educator who had testified before the Rhode Island Senate in opposition to criminalizing indoor prostitution. Supporters of Andelloux claim that in September 2009, the opening of the CSPH was blocked after an email was sent by Hughes to Pawtucket city council members (stating, "Hello, A center for 'sexual rights' and 'sexual pleasure' is opening in Pawtucket"),[29][30][31][32] also citing remarks made about Andelloux in an earlier Providence Journal editorial by Hughes,[13][14][15][32] as well as in a bulletin on the Citizens Against Trafficking website.[32][33] A 6-month zoning battle followed with the city of Pawtucket; the CSPH was eventually allowed to open in early 2010.[32] A March 2010 editorial in the Providence Journal stated that Hughes and Citizens Against Trafficking co-founder Melanie Shapiro have faced threatening remarks on various internet forums from patrons of massage parlors in retaliation for their role in banning indoor prostitution in Rhode Island.[34] Selected bibliographyBooks
Chapters in books
Journal articles
References1. ^{{cite AV media | people= Donna Hughes (professor), Faith Skodmin (undergraduate researcher), Rachel Dunham (undergraduate researcher), Lucy Tillman (undergraduate researcher) | date= 10 October 2014 |accessdate= 30 December 2015 | title= Analysis of Human Trafficking Cases in Rhode Island 2009-2013 | medium= YouTube | publisher= uri its (University of Rhode Island, Information Technology Services) | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRbvfLlnWtM }} Related powerpoint presentation. 2. ^{{cite web | title = Legal prostitution: Donna M. Hughes, PhD | url = http://prostitution.procon.org/view.source.php?sourceID=000690 | website = prostitution.procon.org | publisher = ProCon.org | accessdate = 30 December 2015 }} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Donna Hughes (faculty page) |url=http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/ |website=uri.edu |publisher=University of Rhode Island |accessdate=26 November 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011217233320/http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/philippi.htm |archivedate=17 December 2001 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Editorial board: Sexualization, Media, and Society|url=https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/sexualization-media-society/journal202355#editorial-board|publisher=Sage|accessdate= 4 January 2016|date=2015-10-27}} 5. ^{{cite web | title = Publications by Donna M. Hughes | url = http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/pubfund.htm | website = uri.edu | publisher = University of Rhode Island | accessdate = 26 November 2010 }} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite journal | last = Hughes | first = Donna | title = Scientific, feminist, and personal epistemologies: conflicts and opportunities | journal = Women's Studies Quarterly, Special Issue: Building Inclusive Science | volume = 28 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 305–312 | date = Spring–Summer 2000 | jstor = 40004462 | ref = harv }} Via The Feminist Press. Text. 7. ^{{citation | last1 = Klein | first1 = Renate | last2 = Hawthorne | first2 = Susan | contribution = Feminist resistance to war and violence in Serbia | editor-last1 = Klein | editor-first1 = Renate | editor-last2 = Hawthorne | editor-first2 = Susan | title = Cyberfeminism: connectivity, critique and creativity | page = 422 | publisher = Spinifex Press | location = North Melbourne | year = 1999 | isbn = 9781875559688 | ref = harv | postscript = .}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=NT5F5DabEc0C&pg=PA422 Preview.] 8. ^{{citation | last = Uri QuadAngles | author-link = University of Rhode Island | editor-last = Uri QuadAngles | editor-link = University of Rhode Island | contribution = White House Visit | title = The University of Rhode Island Alumni Magazine | page = 8 | publisher = via Issuu | date = Spring 2009 | url = http://issuu.com/pubs1/docs/spring2009/8 | ref = harv | postscript = .}} 9. ^{{Cite news| last = Hughes| first = Donna M.| title = Lilya and Uncle Tom: a landmark work of the contemporary abolitionist movement | url = http://www.nationalreview.com/article/207426/lilya-and-uncle-tom-donna-m-hughes | work = National Review Online | publisher = National Review, Inc. | date = 8 July 2003}} * Review of the film Lilya 4-ever. 10. ^{{Cite news | last1 = Hughes| first1 = Donna M.| last2 = Chesler| first2 = Phyllis| title = Feminism in the 21st century| work = Washington Post | publisher = Fred Ryan | date = 22 February 2004 | url = http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/21st_century.pdf}} 11. ^{{cite web | last = admin | title = Women's studies professor isn't listening to women: sex workers clash with "experts" in Rhode Island | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111201160448/http://www.sexworkawareness.org/womens-studies-professor-isnt-listening-to-women-sex-workers-clash-with-experts-in-rhode-island/ | archive-date = 1 December 2011 | url = http://www.sexworkawareness.org/womens-studies-professor-isnt-listening-to-women-sex-workers-clash-with-experts-in-rhode-island/ | website = sexworkawareness.org | publisher = Sex Work Awareness (blog) | date = 25 June 2009 }} 12. ^{{Cite news | last = Hughes| first = Donna M. | title = Senators’ prostitution bill is a sham | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629022041/http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_hughes4_09-04-09_2LFI0UK_v9.3f90197.html | archive-date = 29 June 2011 | url = http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_hughes4_09-04-09_2LFI0UK_v9.3f90197.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | date = 4 September 2009 }} 13. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news | last = Hughes| first = Donna M. | title = R.I.’s carnival of prostitution | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111002220535/http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_nuhughes_06-24-09_AMER5HE_v6.18e5af6.html | archive-date = 2 October 2011 | url = http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_nuhughes_06-24-09_AMER5HE_v6.18e5af6.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | date = 24 June 2009 }} 14. ^1 {{Cite news | last = Andelloux | first = Megan J. | author-link = Megan Andelloux | title = Letter's page: Professor's name calling of sex workers | url = http://www.projo.com/opinion/letters/content/LT_andeRDY_06-25-09_4LERHBG_v15.1050f87.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | date = 25 June 2009 }} 15. ^1 {{Cite news | last = Lawrence | first = Matthew | title = URI women's studies professor horrified by tattooed women | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150930164225/http://providencedailydose.com/2009/06/25/uri-womens-studies-professor-horrified-by-tattooed-women/ | archive-date = 30 September 2015 | url = http://providencedailydose.com/2009/06/25/uri-womens-studies-professor-horrified-by-tattooed-women/ | work = providencedailydose.com | publisher = Providence Daily Dose | date = 25 June 2009 }} 16. ^{{Cite journal|last1=Hughes |first1=Donna |last2=Brooks |first2=Margaret |title=International sex radicals campaign to keep prostitution decriminalized in Rhode Island: Part 1 |journal=Citizens Against Trafficking |accessdate=25 August 2009 |date=14 August 2009 |url=https://www.academia.edu/4862315 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20101016101559/http://citizensagainsttrafficking.org/uploads/Sex_Radicals_Target_Rhode_Island.pdf Pdf.] 17. ^{{Cite web | last = Lawrence | first = Matthew | title = Sex radicals' international conspiracy afoot in RI, apparently | url = http://providencedailydose.com/2009/08/15/sex-radicals-international-conspiracy-afoot-in-ri-apparently/ | work = providencedailydose.com | publisher = Providence Daily Dose | accessdate = 19 August 2009| date = 15 August 2009 }} 18. ^{{cite web | last = Various | title = Foreign government complicity in human trafficking: a review of the State Department's "2002 Trafficking in Persons Report" | url = http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/intlrel/hfa80288.000/hfa80288_0f.htm | website = commdocs.house.gov | publisher = Committee on International Relations, U.S. House of Representatives | date = 19 June 2002 }} 19. ^{{Cite web | last = Various | title = Trafficking in women and children in East Asia and beyond: a review of U.S. policy | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140714214502/http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-108shrg89090/html/CHRG-108shrg89090.htm | archive-date = 14 July 2014 | url = http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-108shrg89090/html/CHRG-108shrg89090.htm | website = gpo.gov | publisher = Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Committee on International Relations, U.S. House of Representatives | date = 9 April 2003 }} 20. ^{{cite news | last = Shapiro | first = Nina | title = The new abolitionists | url = http://www.seattleweekly.com/2004-08-25/news/the-new-abolitionists/ | work = Seattle Weekly | publisher = Sound Publishing | date = 25 August 2004 }} 21. ^{{cite web | last = George | first = Robert P. | author-link = Robert P. George | title = Exploitation and the culture of impunity (blog) | url = http://www.firstthings.com/blogs/firstthoughts/2013/11/01/exploitation-and-the-culture-of-impunity/ | website = firstthings.com | publisher = First Things | date = 1 November 2013 }} 22. ^{{Cite news | last = Arsenault | first = Mark | title = Cicilline to co-host forum on human trafficking, parlors | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629043336/http://www.projo.com/news/politics/content/rihuman25_11-25-06_QA30TMK.338505d.html | archive-date = 29 June 2011 | url = http://www.projo.com/news/politics/content/rihuman25_11-25-06_QA30TMK.338505d.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | accessdate = 16 August 2010 | date = 25 November 2006 }} 23. ^{{Cite news | last = Arditi | first = Lynn | title = Sex workers testify at Senate hearing on prostitution bill | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629021314/http://www.projo.com/news/content/PROSTITUTION_BILL_06-19-09_UIEPAKU_v59.3cd847f.html | archive-date = 29 June 2011 | url = http://www.projo.com/news/content/PROSTITUTION_BILL_06-19-09_UIEPAKU_v59.3cd847f.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | accessdate = 16 August 2010 | date = 17 September 2009 }} 24. ^{{Cite video| people = Hurley, Tara (director)| medium = documentary| publisher = It's Not Easy Productions| title = Happy Endings? | date = 2009}} 25. ^{{Cite news|last=Hughes |first=Donna M. |title=Senators’ prostitution bill is a sham |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629022041/http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_hughes4_09-04-09_2LFI0UK_v9.3f90197.html |archive-date=29 June 2011 |url=http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_hughes4_09-04-09_2LFI0UK_v9.3f90197.html |work=The Providence Journal |publisher=Local Media Group |date=4 September 2009 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20101016103945/http://citizensagainsttrafficking.org/uploads/Senators__Prostitution_Bill_Is_a_Sham.pdf Pdf of article, pp. 1-2.] 26. ^{{Cite news | last = Arditi | first = Lynn | title = Bill signing finally outlaws prostitution in R.I. | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111007072124/http://newsblog.projo.com/2009/11/governor-carcieri-signed-into.html | archive-date = 7 October 2011 | url = http://newsblog.projo.com/2009/11/governor-carcieri-signed-into.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | accessdate = 3 October 2009 | date = 3 November 2009 }} 27. ^{{Cite news|last1=Jabour |first1=Paul V. |last2=McCaffrey |first2=Michael J. |author-link1=Paul Jabour |author-link2=Michael McCaffrey |title=Commentary: Fixing 'sex-worker industry': Senate ends prostitution loophole |url=http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_jabour30_08-30-09_2LFGRFR_v9.3f8d393.html |work=The Providence Journal |publisher=Local Media Group |accessdate=13 July 2014 |date=30 August 2009 }} Article ID: 152423C09579D550. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101016103945/http://citizensagainsttrafficking.org/uploads/Senators__Prostitution_Bill_Is_a_Sham.pdf Pdf of article, pp. 3-4.] 28. ^{{cite news | last = Levesque | first = Chuck | title = Letters to the editor: Anti-prostitution law means more deaths | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629042127/http://www.projo.com/opinion/letters/content/LT_leves_RDY_09-09-09_2LFKCB5_v8.3f8cf84.html | archive-date = 29 June 2011 | url = http://www.projo.com/opinion/letters/content/LT_leves_RDY_09-09-09_2LFKCB5_v8.3f8cf84.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | accessdate = 13 July 2014 | date = 9 September 2009 }} 29. ^{{Cite news| last = Hauk| first = Alexis| title = Hot controversy over sexuality center in Pawtucket| work = Providence Phoenix| publisher = Phoenix Media/Communications Group| accessdate = 11 July 2010| date = 30 September 2009| url = http://thephoenix.com/Providence/News/90630-Hot-controversy-over-sexuality-center-in-Pawtucket/| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20091009034824/http://thephoenix.com/Providence/News/90630-Hot-controversy-over-sexuality-center-in-Pawtucket/| archivedate = 9 October 2009| df = }} 30. ^{{Cite web| last = Lawrence| first = Matthew| title = Donna Hughes on our nation's autoerotic asphyxiation epidemic (blog) | work = Providence Daily Dose | publisher = PDD via WordPress | accessdate = 11 July 2010| date = 2 October 2009| url = http://providencedailydose.com/2009/10/09/donna-hughes-on-our-nations-autoerotic-asphyxiation-epidemic/}} 31. ^{{Cite news| last = Littlefield| first = Amy| title = Female sexologist awaits Pawtucket Zoning Board | work = Women's eNews | publisher = Women's eNews, Inc. | accessdate = 11 July 2010 | date = 3 December 2009 | url = http://womensenews.org/story/health/091202/female-sexologist-awaits-pawtucket-zoning-board}} 32. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news| last = Minkin| first = Tracey| title = The SexEd Warrior-Queen| work = Rhode Island Monthly | publisher = Rhode Island Monthly Communications | date = April 2010| url=http://www.rimonthly.com/Rhode-Island-Monthly/April-2010/The-SexEd-Warrior-Queen/}} 33. ^{{Cite journal|last1=Hughes |first1=Donna |last2=Brooks |first2=Margaret |title=Sex radicals' vision for Rhode Island |journal=Citizens Against Trafficking |date=23 September 2009 |url=https://www.academia.edu/4862316 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20101016104457/http://citizensagainsttrafficking.org/uploads/Sex_Radicals_Vision_for_Rhode_Island.pdf Pdf.] 34. ^{{cite news | last = Achorn | first = Edward | title = Gang-rape threat isn't 'free speech' | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629042253/http://www.projo.com/opinion/columnists/content/CL_achorn23_03-23-10_9KHNJGH_v12.4059bc7.html | archive-date = 29 June 2011 | url = http://www.projo.com/opinion/columnists/content/CL_achorn23_03-23-10_9KHNJGH_v12.4059bc7.html | work = The Providence Journal | publisher = Local Media Group | accessdate = 12 July 2010 | date = 23 March 2010 }} External links
13 : 1954 births|American feminists|Anti-prostitution feminists|Anti-pornography feminists|Feminist studies scholars|Living people|People from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania State University alumni|Sex industry researchers|University of Rhode Island faculty|Pennsylvania State University faculty|Anti-prostitution activists in the United States|Prostitution in Rhode Island |
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