| 词条 | Douglas Cloudster | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Douglas Cloudster was a 1920s American biplane aircraft. It was the only product of the Davis-Douglas Company; designed to make the first non-stop flight coast-to-coast across the United States. DevelopmentThe Davis-Douglas Company was formed in July 1920 to enable Donald Douglas to design and build an aircraft capable of non-stop flight coast-to-coast across the United States. David R. Davis provided the financing for the company. The resulting aircraft was the Cloudster, a single-bay equal-span biplane of wooden construction. It was fabric-covered except for the forward fuselage, which was covered with sheet metal. The aircraft was powered by a 400 hp (298 kW) Liberty V-12 piston engine. The Cloudster first flew on 24 February 1921 and attempted the coast-to-coast journey in June 1921. The aircraft failed to make a non-stop journey due to engine failure. In 1923, the Cloudster was sold and modified for sightseeing flights with two additional open cockpits and seats for five passengers replacing one of the fuel tanks. In 1925 it was again sold to T. Claude Ryan, who had it modified further by adding an enclosed cabin with ten seats.[1][2] It was subsequently used by a number of operators before it made a forced landing in shallow water off the coast of Ensenada, Baja California in December 1926. It was damaged beyond repair by the tide before it could be recovered. Following the failure of the coast-to-coast flight, Davis lost interest and Douglas went on to form the Douglas Company (later the Douglas Aircraft Company) in July 1921. 1945 Cloudster II{{main|Douglas Cloudster II}}Douglas Aircraft would revive the name in 1945 for a proposed general aviation aircraft with a pusher propellor, similar to the XB-42, as the Cloudster II.[3][4][5][6] The company's last effort in general aviation, it was not a success.[7][8] Specifications 1920s Cloudster{{aerospecs|ref=McDonnell Douglas Aircraft since 1920[9] |met or eng?=eng |crew=two |capacity= |length m=11.20 |length ft=36 |length in=9 |span m=17.04 |span ft=55 |span in=11 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=3.66 |height ft=12 |height in=0 |wing area sqm= |wing area sqft= |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |empty weight kg= |empty weight lb= |gross weight kg=4,354 |gross weight lb=9,600 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Liberty L-12 V-12 piston engine |eng1 kw=298 |eng1 hp=400 |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=193 |max speed mph=120 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh=137 |cruise speed mph=85 |range km=4,506 (as designed) |range miles=2,800 (as designed)[10] |endurance h=33 |endurance min= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1= |armament2= |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }}{{aircontent |related= |similar aircraft= |lists= |see also= }} References{{commons category|Douglas Cloudster}}
1. ^Taylor 1989, p.773 2. ^Francillon 1979, p.57 3. ^Francillon, René J. McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920 (Putnam, 1979), p.432. 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=oyQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA35&dq=popular+science+1947+L-15A&hl=en&ei=1EXWTNPjGpGlnQeY0YSwCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=true "5 Passenger Pusher" , March 1947, Popular Science] article with rare photos 5. ^Cloudster II at Aerofile.com bottom of page 6. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=O-ADAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA103&dq=popular+mechanics+1947+%22cloudster%22&hl=en&ei=8fvYTP70B4WnnAe9nO3pCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=true "Tail Pusher Plane Cruises 200 mph" , March 1947, Popular Mechanics] 7. ^Francillon, p.433. 8. ^Flight August 28th 1947 page 220 stated that the original price was $30,000 but ballooned to $60,000 making sale of the Cloudster II "economically impractical". 9. ^Francillon 1979, p.59 10. ^normal range 550 mi (885 km)
5 : United States airliners 1920–1929|Douglas aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes|Aircraft first flown in 1921 |
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