| 词条 | Douglas Macmillan |
| 释义 |
| honourific_prefix = MBE | name = Douglas Macmillan | image = DougMacmillan.jpg | birth_date = {{birth date|1884|8|10|df=y}} | birth_place = Castle Cary, Somerset, England | death_date = {{death date and age|1969|1|9|1884|8|10|df=y}} | death_place = Castle Cary, Somerset, England | nationality = British | parents = {{plainlist|
}} | alma_mater = Birkbeck, University of London | occupation = Civil servant, charity founder | years_active = 1911—1945 | known_for = Macmillan Cancer Support }} Douglas Macmillan MBE[1] (10 August 1884 – 9 January 1969) was a British civil servant, and founder of the Macmillan Cancer Support charity, now one of the largest charities in the UK. BiographyHe was born on 10 August 1884, in Castle Cary, Somerset, England, the seventh of eight children of William Macmillan (1844–1911) and his wife Emily (1843–1937). He was educated at Sexey's School, Bruton (1894–1897), the Quaker Sidcot School, Winscombe (1897–1901), and then at the Birkbeck, University of London in 1901. Macmillan entered the civil service in London in 1902 and worked in the Board of Agriculture and, later, the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, retiring as a staff officer in 1945. The death of his father from cancer, in 1911, left a deep impression on Macmillan, and the following year, despite having no medical background himself, he founded the Society for the Prevention and Relief of Cancer, with a donation of £10,[2][3] against a background of resistance. The National Health Service (NHS) had yet to be established, and registration of nurses was not introduced until 1919. At the time no Health and Safety acts had been passed by Parliament and public health had yet to become a priority by the state.[4] In setting up the society Macmillan "wanted to see homes for cancer patients throughout the land, where attention will be provided freely or at low cost, as circumstances dictate... [and]... panels of voluntary nurses who can be detailed off to attend to necessitous patients in their own homes."[5] Macmillan managed the charity, along with other volunteers, while working full time as a civil servant.[3] In 1924 he moved to Knoll Road, Sidcup, where he would live until 1966. In 1930 the charity took on its first full-time member of staff.[3] The organisation he founded has since flourished and is today known as Macmillan Cancer Support. A blue plaque was erected to honour him at his former residence of 15 Ranelagh Road, Pimlico in 1997.[6] In October 2010, The Bexley Civic Society invited the Mayor of Bexley, Cllr Val Clark, to unveil another plaque on his house in Knoll Road, Sidcup where he lived for 30 years.[3] Macmillan was a vegetarian. In 1909, he wrote an open letter to all Christians entitled Shall we slay? which encouraged orthodox Christians to consider vegetarianism.[7] Macmillan died of cancer on 9 January 1969 at his home Carylande, Ansford in Castle Cary, aged 85.[3][8] Works
Notes1. ^"Pastimes: Rambling – Seven routes to Stow" Birmingham Post, (Birmingham); 21 February 2004; Richard Shurey; p. 54 2. ^{{cite book|last=Hunt|first=Timothy|title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, England|year=2004|chapter=Macmillan, Douglas (1884–1969)}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Surnames beginning with M|url=http://www.bexley.gov.uk/article/3362/Surnames-beginning-with-M|website=bexley.gov.uk|accessdate=9 December 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114002312/http://www.bexley.gov.uk/article/3362/Surnames-beginning-with-M|archivedate=14 November 2016|df=dmy-all}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Howarth|first=Glennys|author2=Oliver Leaman|title=Encyclopedia of death and dying|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2001|pages=291|isbn=0-415-18825-3}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Raven|first=Ronald William|title=The Theory and Practice of Oncology|publisher=Informa Health Care|year=1990|isbn=1-85070-179-2}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.001002006005/chooseLetter/M |title=Search Blue Plaques |publisher=English Heritage |accessdate=13 August 2008 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5a2ZU3H2C?url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.001002006005/chooseLetter/M |archivedate=13 August 2008 |df=dmy }} 7. ^Shall we slay? 8. ^"Deaths." Times [London, England] 11 Jan. 1969: 16. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 18 Dec. 2015. Further reading
External links
9 : 1884 births|1969 deaths|British charity and campaign group workers|English civil servants|Members of the Order of the British Empire|Civil servants in the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food|People educated at Sidcot School|Founders of charities|Vegetarians |
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