| 词条 | Draycot Cerne |
| 释义 |
| name =Draycot Cerne | native_name = | native_language = | native_name2 = | native_language2 = | image =Church of St James - Draycot Cerne (geograph 2824189).jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption =Church of St James | locmapin =Wiltshire | map_relief = | map_width = | map_caption = | map_dot_mark = | coordinates = {{coord|51|30|23|N|2|05|44|W|type:city_region:GB|display=inline,title}} | gbgridref = | type = | etymology = | location =Draycot Cerne, Sutton Benger, Wiltshire, England | nearest_city = Chippenham | area = | elevation = | height = | beginning_label = | beginning_date = | formed = | founded = | founder = | built = | built_for = | original_use = | demolished = | rebuilt = | restored = | restored_by = | current_use = | architect = | sculptor = | architecture = | visitors_num = | visitors_year = | visitors_ref = | governing_body = | owner = | website = | designation1 = | designation1_offname = | designation1_type = | designation1_criteria = | designation1_date = | delisted1_date = | designation1_partof = | designation1_number = | designation1_free1name = | designation1_free1value = | designation1_free2name = | designation1_free2value = | designation1_free3name = | designation1_free3value = | designation2 = | designation2_offname = | designation2_type = | designation2_criteria = | designation2_date = | delisted2_date = | designation2_partof = | designation2_number = | designation2_free1name = | designation2_free1value = | designation2_free2name = | designation2_free2value = | designation2_free3name = | designation2_free3value = | designation3 = | designation3_offname = | designation3_type = | designation3_criteria = | designation3_date = | delisted3_date = | designation3_partof = | designation3_number = | designation3_free1name = | designation3_free1value = | designation3_free2name = | designation3_free2value = | designation3_free3name = | designation3_free3value = }} Draycot Cerne (Draycott) is a small village and former civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} north of Chippenham. HistoryThe parish was referred to as (Medieval Latin:) Draicote in the ancient Domesday hundred of Startley when Geoffrey de Venoix ("the Marshal")[1] was lord and tenant-in-chief in 1086.[2] The morpheme dray is common in England's place names, yet unused elsewhere in the English language, so is considered an ancient Celtic word. By the 14th century, the old village was known as Draycot Cerne, in part to differentiate it from similarly named villages in other areas of England. The suffix Cerne is the French surname of the lords of the manor.[3][4] The ancient parish of Draycot Cerne comprised three manors: Draycot Cerne, Knabwell (or Nables) and a detached part at Avon, near Kellaways.[5] The old village of Draycot Cerne (also known in the 19th century as Lower Draycot), close to the church and Draycot House, was removed by Henry Wellesley, 1st Earl Cowley after 1865 and Upper Draycot was renamed Draycot Cerne. All of the cottages and farms of Draycot Cerne were on the Draycot Estate, belonging to Draycot House. The parish of Draycot Cerne, together with Seagry parish to its north, was added to Sutton Benger civil parish in 1934. In 1971 all land north of the newly built M4 motorway, including part of the former Draycot parish, was transferred to a recreated Seagry parish.[5] It is possible that Draycot Cerne lent its name to the town of Dracut, incorporated in 1701 in Massachusetts.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} Parish church{{Main|St James's Church, Draycot Cerne}}St James's Church was built around 1260. It is now in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.[6] The benefice was united with Seagry in 1939[7] but in 1954 the union was dissolved,[8] and for church purposes the village is now within the parish of Kington Langley.[5] Draycot HouseA medieval manor has occupied the site since the 14th century.[5] Old Draycot House was probably built for John Long in the mid 15th century. The house was extensively re-modelled, over the years, by the Long family. In 1773–75 Sir James Tylney-Long (1736-1794) added a new south front, and east and west wings around the core of the medieval manor.[9][10] Further work was undertaken in 1864, after Lord Cowley's inheritance.[11] The house was demolished in 1952-4.[12] The Long family of Draycot CerneThe following family members were active in English politics:
Between 1412 and 1610, the Long family held Draycot House jointly with South Wraxall Manor, near Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire. Other members:
The Draycot EstateThe Draycot Estate covered 4300 acres at its maximum extent, covering the whole of Draycot Cerne, Kellaways, Sutton Benger and Seagry, parts of Startley, Little Somerford, Christian Malford and Kington Langley.[13] It was the main land-holding of the Tylney-Long baronets in Wiltshire.[13] The Draycot Estate in Wiltshire was part of a much larger estate, in several English counties including: {{plainlist|
}} Notable people
Prince Franz von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg of the House of Hatzfeld and his wife, Clara, leased Draycot House between 1896 and 1915. He was the owner of Ascetic's Silver, the winner of the 1906 Grand National. She was the adopted daughter of the American billionaire Collis Potter Huntington.[13] References1. ^RootsWeb: Geoffrey de Venoix le Marshal, accessed June 2017 2. ^Open Domesday Online: Draycot Cerne, accessed June 2017 3. ^[https://archive.org/stream/placenamesofwilt00ekblrich#page/72/mode/2up/search/cerne The Place Names of Wiltshire (English Place-Name Society), pp. 69-70, 72-73.] 4. ^[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:EB1911_-_Volume_23.djvu/905 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. 23, page 862.] 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 14 pp75-82 - Parishes: Draycot Cerne|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol14/pp75-82|website=British History Online|publisher=University of London|accessdate=22 May 2015}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.visitchurches.org.uk/visit/church-listing/st-james-church-draycot-cerne.html|title=St James' Church, Draycot Cerne, Wiltshire|date=|website=The Churches Conservation Trust|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=29 May 2017}} 7. ^{{London Gazette| issue = 34643| date = 7 July 1939| page = 4652}} 8. ^{{London Gazette| issue = 40149| date = 16 April 1954| pages = 2286-2287}} 9. ^WSA 190:1 10. ^Draycot House, by Geraldine Roberts, accessed June 2017 11. ^WSA 1001/1-7 12. ^http://www.lostheritage.org.uk/houses/lh_wiltshire_draycothouse_info_gallery.html 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 Hand of Fate. The History of the Longs, Wellesleys and the Draycot Estate in Wiltshire. Tim Couzens 2001 {{OCLC|49204947}} 14. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol8/pp218-234 15. ^ERO D/DCy P1, P2A & P2B 16. ^ERO D/Dcy P3A 17. ^ERO D/Dcy E124 18. ^ERO D/DCy E122 19. ^ERO D/Dw T28-39 20. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/essex/vol8/pp227-240 21. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/essex/vol4/pp175-182 22. ^ERO D/DCw T13-18 23. ^HRO 10M48/I 24. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hants/vol4/pp99-101 25. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/dorset/vol3/pp8-13 26. ^ERO D/Dcy E8 27. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/pp363-367 28. ^http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/northants/vol3/pp279-280 29. ^http://west-penwith.org.uk/cowley.htm 30. ^http://www.berkshirehistory.com/bios/jbuckeridge.html 31. ^http://www.ruthscurr.co.uk/books.html 32. ^http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/forms/quick?everything=Sir+James+Long&search_type=quick 33. ^Bodleian Library Ref MS Aubrey 12 ff. 267-268. July 16th 1676. 34. ^http://www.christmas-time.com/ct-christmas1870.htm 35. ^http://www.wshc.eu/blog/item/how-did-you-spend-christmas.html External links{{Commons category inline}} 2 : Villages in Wiltshire|Former civil parishes in Wiltshire |
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