| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse | | Anna of Mecklenburg | Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg
(Mecklenburg) | 14 October 1533 | 3 November 1566 | 17 May 1587
husband's death | 4 July 1602 | Gotthard Kettler |
| Elisabeth Magdalena of Pomerania | Ernst Ludwig, Duke of Pomerania
(Pomerania) | 14 June 1580 | 14 March 1600 | 17 August 1642
husband's desposition | 23 February 1649 | Friedrich Kettler |
| Sophia of Prussia | Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia
(Hohenzollern) | 31 March 1582 | 22 October 1609 | 4 December 1610 | Wilhelm Kettler |
| Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg | George William, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern) | 13 September 1617 | 9 October 1645 | 29 August 1676 | Jacob Kettler |
| Sophie Amalie of Nassau-Siegen | Henry II, Count of Nassau-Siegen
(Nassau-Siegen) | 10 January 1650 | 25 October 1675 | 1 January 1682
husband's death | 25 December 1688 | Friedrich Casimir Kettler |
| Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg | Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern) | 5 April 1674 | 29 April 1691 | 22 January 1698
husband's death | 22 November 1748 |
| Anna Ivanovna of Russia | Ivan V of Russia
(Romanov) | 7 February 1693 | 11 November 1710 | 21 January 1711
husband's death | 28 October 1740 | Friedrich Wilhelm Kettler |
| Johanna Magdalene of Saxe-Weissenfels | Johann Georg, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels
(Wettin) | 17 March 1708 | 20 September 1730 | 4 May 1737
husband's death | 25 January 1760 | Ferdinand Kettler |
|
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse | | Benigna Gottliebe von Trotha genannt Treyden | Wilhelm von Trohta Truiden | 15 October 1703 | 25 February 1723 | 1763
husband's restoration | 1769
husband abdication | 5 November 1782 | Ernst Johann von Biron |
| Caroline of Waldeck and Pyrmont | Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
(Waldeck-Pyrmont) | 14 August 1748 | 15 October 1765 | 1769
husband's restoration | 1772
divorce | 18 August 1782 | Peter von Biron |
| Yevdokiya Borisovna Yusupova | Prince Boris Grigorievich Yusupov
(Yusupov) | 16 May 1743 | 6 March 1774 | 1778
divorce | 19 July 1780 |
| Dorothea von Medem | Friedrich von Medem
(Medem) | 3 February 1761 | 6 November 1779 | 28 March 1795
Duchy abolished | 20 August 1821 |
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