“Dugu ceremony”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Dugu is an ancient extended funerary ceremony (in Belize it is also known as the 9 nights ceremony) practiced by the Garifuna people. The Garifuna is a small-to-medium-sized Central American ethnic group that has inhabited many Central American countries such as Belize and Honduras since the 17th century.^[1] Their roots come from both the Caribbean and African coasts. The story goes that slaves being brought over to the Americas crashed into{{Clarify|date=March 2010|reason='were wrecked on'? or 'settled on'?}} St. Vincent. The indigenous Caribbean Indians and Africans soon formed a community and ethnic group called the Garifuna. They were identified as the "Black Caribs" to differentiate them from the native Caribbean population.

The Dugu is a type of funeral ceremony that brings the community and families together. It is a festival that aims to bring deceased ancestors of the Garifuna to the present^[2] and lasts between two days to as much as two weeks. The ceremony seeks to cure ill persons that have become sick because they have displeased the gubida (spirits).^[3] Families and friends gather around drums and sing, calling the gubida to the ceremony. This ceremony is headed by the Buyai (shaman).^[4] The Buyai is responsible for organizing and ordering all parts of the ceremony including food, clothes worn, sacrifices, and its length.^[5] Once the Buyai believes the spirits of the ancestors are present, the sick person is given food and rum. The rest of the food and alcohol is sacrificed and the person is predicted{{Clarify|date=March 2010|reason='predicted'? or 'considered'?}} to be cured.^[6]

The Dugu ritual has recently become more common. In the 1850s and 1860s the Dugu was little practiced due to fear the government (appointed by the British) would ban the ritual altogether.^[7] Now, however, the Dugu ji is practiced in many countries throughout Central America, but mainly in Belize.^[8] There are many reasons for the increase, one of which is to help unify the Garifuna people and also become politically visible as an ethnic group{{Clarify|date=March 2010|reason=these seem like outcomes rather than causes, but without access to the sources it's hard to be sure what is meant}}.^[9]

Notes

1. ^Sletto 1991 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
2. ^Sletto 1991 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
3. ^Jenkins 1983 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
4. ^Sletto 1991 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
5. ^Jenkins 1983 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
6. ^Sletto 1991 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
7. ^Sletto 1991 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
8. ^Jenkins 1983 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
9. ^Jenkins 1983 {{Page needed|date=September 2010}}

References

Palacio, I. Myrtle (2011 (June)). "Adügürahani: A Walk Through Garifuna Spiritualism". Glessima Research and Services, Belize.

Jenkins, Carol L. (1983 (Aug.)). "Ritual and Resource Flow: The Garifuna 'Dugu'". American Ethnologist. Vol 10.3 pp. 429–442. Retrieved 2009-09-20.

Sletto, Jacqueline Wiora. (1991(Jan-Feb)). "Ancestral Ties that Bind. (The Garifuna, Central American Ethnic Group)". Americas (English Edition). Vol 43.n1 pp. 20–28. Retrieved 2009-09-18.