| 词条 | Dungeons & Dragons (1974) |
| 释义 |
| name = Dungeons & Dragons | image = D&d Box1st.jpg | image_size = 175px | caption = The original Dungeons & Dragons set | author = Gary Gygax Dave Arneson | genre = Role-playing game | publisher = TSR, Inc. | release_date = 1974 | media_type = Boxed set | pages = | isbn = }} The original Dungeons & Dragons (commonly abbreviated D&D) boxed set by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson was published by TSR, Inc. in 1974. It included the original edition of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. Its product designation was TSR 2002. ContentsThe original Dungeons & Dragons boxed set was the first role-playing game, a fantasy system with a medieval European flavor.[1] This set introduced concepts which would become standard, including abilities (such as strength, intelligence, and dexterity); character classes (fighting-man, magic-user, cleric) and levels; races (human, dwarf, elf, halfling); armor class; monsters and treasure; subterranean dungeons of halls, rooms, and doors replete with tricks and traps; and magic items, such as intelligent swords.[1] The set also includes rules for wilderness travel by land and sea, hiring specialists and men-at-arms, building fortifications and setting up baronies.[1] Movement rates and areas are given in inches, like that of the miniatures rules from which the system descended.[1] The set also included brief guidelines on using monsters as player characters.[1] This set features only a handful of the elements for which the game is known today: just three character classes (fighting-man, magic-user, and cleric); four races (human, dwarf, elf, hobbit); and only three alignments (lawful, neutral, and chaotic). The rules assume that players have owned and have played the miniatures wargame Chainmail and that they have used its measurement and combat systems. An optional combat system is included within the rules that later developed into the sole combat system of later versions of the game. In addition, the rules presumed ownership of Outdoor Survival, an Avalon Hill board game for outdoor exploration and adventure. The Men & Magic booklet recommends using miniatures only "if the players have them available and so desire", although they were not required and cardboard counters were given as an alternative.[6] The "Monsters & Treasure" booklet contains some of the first depictions of the game's most iconic monsters, many of which were adapted from mythology and various literary works. The set initially referred to some of the creatures in the game as "hobbits" and "ents" after J. R. R. Tolkien-universe creatures, although after legal hassles they were changed to "halflings" and "treants", respectively.[1] Publication historyThe original Dungeons & Dragons set was written by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson, and was published by TSR in 1974 as a digest-sized boxed set in a brown wood-grain box.[2] The set included three digest-sized books: the 36-page "Volume 1: Men & Magic", the 40-page "Volume 2: Monsters & Treasure", and the 36-page "Volume 3: The Underworld & Wilderness Adventures".[3] The set also included six reference sheets of tables and charts.[2] Illustrations were provided by Arneson himself, as well as by Keenan Powell, Greg Bell, C. Corey, T. Keogh, and David C. Sutherland III.[4] This first set went through many printings[5] and was supplemented with several official additions, including Greyhawk and Blackmoor in 1975, and Eldritch Wizardry, Gods, Demi-Gods & Heroes, and Swords & Spells in 1976. Later printings, beginning in 1976, came in an all-white box,[2] and added the label "Original Collector's Edition".[6] The initial printing of the "Men & Magic" booklet had a drawing of a mounted warrior on the cover, while the 1976 printing featured a fighter with a sword.[2] The original Dungeons & Dragons was re-released in 2013, as part of a deluxe, premium collectors set which includes reprints of the original boxed set booklets and the four supplement booklets in a wooden box. Each booklet features new cover art but is otherwise a faithful reproduction of the original, including original interior art.[7] ReceptionTim Waddell reviewed the original Dungeons & Dragons in The Space Gamer No. 2.[8] Waddell commented that "The most stimulating part of the game is the fact that anything can happen. Nothing is impossible."[8] Andy Pudewa also reviewed the original Dungeons & Dragons in The Space Gamer No. 2.[9] Pudewa said that "As a game, D&D is a fantastical outlet for the imagination. It has the quality of being infinitely flexible, and with it comes the reality of impossibility. [...] There are drawbacks to the game however; as there are in any game. D&D cannot even begin to get interesting in less than 20 hours playing time. Hundreds of hours of work must be done ahead of time by the referee, and it takes a fairly long time to prepare on the part of the players."[9] Gary Gygax won the Strategists Club's "Outstanding Designer & Writer" for the creation of Dungeons & Dragons.[10] The set is also an H.G. Wells award-winner.[2] Awards
References1. ^{{cite journal| last = Bambra| first = Jim| authorlink = Jim Bambra| title = Role-playing Reviews| journal = Dragon| issue = #148| pages = 63–65| publisher = TSR| location = Lake Geneva, Wisconsin|date=August 1989}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|last=Schick |first=Lawrence|authorlink=Lawrence Schick|title=Heroic Worlds: A History and Guide to Role-Playing Games|publisher=Prometheus Books |year=1991|isbn=0-87975-653-5 |page=130}} 3. ^1 {{citation | first1=Michael J. | last1=Tresca | title=The Evolution of Fantasy Role-Playing Games | publisher=McFarland | year=2010 | isbn=078645895X | page=62 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8H8bzqj6S4sC&pg=PA62 }} 4. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.pen-paper.net/rpgdb.php?op=showbook&bookid=2469| title = Dungeons & Dragons (1974)| accessdate = January 17, 2009| publisher = Pen & Paper RPG Database| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080509131107/http://www.pen-paper.net/rpgdb.php?op=showbook&bookid=2469| archivedate = May 9, 2008| df = }} 5. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.acaeum.com/ddindexes/setpages/original.html| title = Original D&D Set | accessdate = January 17, 2009| publisher = The Acaeum}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://rdushay.home.mindspring.com/Museum/Fantasy/DDrevw.html |title=D&D White Box Review |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website=The Museum of Role Playing Games |publisher= |accessdate=February 2, 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://dnd.wizards.com/products/tabletop-games/rpg-products/original-dungeons-dragons-rpg | title=Original Dungeons & Dragons RPG | publisher=Wizards of the Coast | accessdate=March 30, 2015}} 8. ^1 {{cite journal|last=Waddell|first=Tim |date=1975 |title=Reviews of Dungeons & Dragons|journal=The Space Gamer|publisher=Metagaming|issue=2|pages=9}} 9. ^1 {{cite journal|last=Pudewa|first=Andy |date=1975 |title=Reviews of Dungeons & Dragons|journal=The Space Gamer|publisher=Metagaming|issue=2|pages=9}} 10. ^{{cite web| url = http://index.rpg.net/display-entry.phtml?mainid=3000| title = Dungeons & Dragons 3-volume set | accessdate = October 20, 2008| publisher = RPGnet}} External links
2 : 1974 books|Dungeons & Dragons sourcebooks |
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