| 释义 |
- Chemistry
- Mathematics
- Physics
- Technology
- Zoology
- Awards
- Births
- Deaths
- References
{{Year nav topic5|1797|science}}The year 1797 in science and technology involved some significant events. Chemistry- Smithson Tennant demonstrates that diamond is a pure form of carbon.[1]
- Louis Nicolas Vauquelin discovers chromium.
- Joseph Proust proposes the law of definite proportions, which states that elements always combine in small, whole number ratios to form compounds.[2]
Mathematics- Lagrange publishes his Théorie des fonctions analytiques.
Physics- Giovanni Battista Venturi describes the Venturi effect.[3][4]
Technology- October 22 – André-Jacques Garnerin carries out the first descent using a frameless parachute, a {{nobr|980 m}} (3,200 feet) drop from a balloon in Paris.
Zoology- Thomas Bewick publishes the first volume, Land Birds, of his History of British Birds.
Awards- Copley Medal: Not awarded
Births- January 3 – Frederick William Hope, British zoologist (died 1862)
- January 4 – Wilhelm Beer, Prussian astronomer (died 1850)
- February – Joseph-Alphonse Adhémar, French mathematician (died 1862)
- February 5 – Jean-Marie Duhamel, French mathematician and physicist (died 1872)
- March 10 – George Poulett Scrope, British geologist and economist (died 1876)
- March 21 – Johann Andreas Wagner, German paleontologist, zoologist and archeologist (died 1861)
- April 29 – George Don, Scottish botanist (died 1856)
- May 2 – Abraham Gesner, Canadian inventor of kerosene (died 1864)
- May 30 – Karl Friedrich Naumann, German geologist and mineralogist (died 1873)
- July 14 – James Scott Bowerbank, British naturalist, geologist and paleontologist (died 1877)
- July 26 – William Hutton, British geologist and paleontologist (died 1860)
- August 23 – Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant, French mechanician and mathematician (died 1886)
- August 31 – James Ferguson, Scottish-born American astronomer (died 1867)
- September 1 – Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut, French chemist (died 1881)
- September 10 – Carl Gustaf Mosander, Swedish chemist (died 1858)
- September 17 – Heinrich Kuhl, German zoologist (died 1821)
- October 4 – Félix Savary, French astronomer (died 1841)
- October 5 – John Gardner Wilkinson, British egyptologist (died 1875)
- November 14 – Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist (died 1875)
- November 20 - Mary Buckland, British paleontologist and marine biologist (died 1857)
- December 3 – Margaretta Morris, American entomologist (died 1867)
- December 17 – Joseph Henry, American scientist (died 1878)
- December 23 – Adrien de Jussieu, French botanist (died 1853)
Deaths- March 16 – Cristina Roccati, Italian scholar in physics (born 1732)
- March 26 – James Hutton, Scottish geologist (born 1726)
- June 13 – Samuel-Auguste Tissot, Swiss physician (born 1728)
- August 29 – Joseph Wright, English painter of scientific subjects (born 1734)
- date unknown – Wang Zhenyi, Chinese Qing dynasty female astronomer and poet (born 1768)
References1. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=fNJQok6N9_MC&pg=PA7|pages=7–10|title=The Diamond Makers|last=Hazen|first=R. M|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1999|isbn=0-521-65474-2}}
2. ^{{cite web |title=Proust, Joseph Louis (1754–1826) |work=100 Distinguished Chemists |publisher=European Association for Chemical and Molecular Science |year=2005 |url=http://www.euchems.org/Distinguished/19thCentury/proustlouis.asp |accessdate=2007-02-23 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515224050/http://www.euchems.org/Distinguished/19thCentury/proustlouis.asp| archivedate=2008-05-15}}
3. ^Recherches expérimentales sur le principe de la communication latérale du mouvement dans les fluides (Paris).
4. ^Kent, Walter G. (1912) [https://archive.org/stream/appreciationoftw00kentrich/appreciationoftw00kentrich_djvu.txt%201746,%20Clemens%20Herschel,%20Born%201842. "An Appreciation of Two Great Workers in Hydraulics, Giovanni Battista Venturi, Born 1746, Clemens Herschel, Born 1842".]
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