| 词条 | Indapamide |
| 释义 |
| Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 458622562 | IUPAC_name = 4-chloro-N-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)-3-sulfamoyl-benzamide | image = Indapamide.svg | width = 192 | tradename = | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|indapamide}} | MedlinePlus = a684062 | pregnancy_AU = C | pregnancy_US = B | pregnancy_category = | legal_UK = POM | routes_of_administration = Oral tablet | bioavailability = | protein_bound = 71–79% | metabolism = Hepatic | elimination_half-life = 14–18 hours | IUPHAR_ligand = 7203 | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = 26807-65-8 | ATC_prefix = C03 | ATC_suffix = BA11 | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = 3702 | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00808 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 3574 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = F089I0511L | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = D00345 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 406 | C=16 | H=16 | Cl=1 | N=3 | O=3 | S=1 | molecular_weight = 365.835 g/mol | smiles = O=S(=O)(N)c1c(Cl)ccc(c1)C(=O)NN3c2ccccc2CC3C | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C16H16ClN3O3S/c1-10-8-11-4-2-3-5-14(11)20(10)19-16(21)12-6-7-13(17)15(9-12)24(18,22)23/h2-7,9-10H,8H2,1H3,(H,19,21)(H2,18,22,23) | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = NDDAHWYSQHTHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N }}Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic[1] drug generally used in the treatment of hypertension, as well as decompensated heart failure. Combination preparations with perindopril (an ACE inhibitor antihypertensive) are also available. The thiazide-like diuretics (indapamide and chlortalidone) are more effective than the thiazide-type diuretics (including hydrochlorothiazide) for reducing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and heart failure in persons with high blood pressure and the thiazide-like and thiazide-type diuretics have similar rates of adverse effects.[2] It was patented in 1968 and approved for medical use in 1977.[3] Medical usesHypertension and edema due to congestive heart failure. Indapamide has been proven in the HYVET trial to reduce stroke and all-cause mortality when given with or without perindopril to people over the age of 80 for the treatment of hypertension.[4]{{primary inline|date=February 2018}} ContraindicationsIndapamide is contraindicated in known hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, severe kidney failure, hepatic encephalopathy or severe liver failure, and a low blood potassium level. There is insufficient safety data to recommend indapamide use in pregnancy or breastfeeding. Adverse effectsCommonly reported adverse events are low potassium levels, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension (blood pressure decrease on standing up), and allergic manifestations. Monitoring the serum levels of potassium and uric acid is recommended, especially in subjects with a predisposition or a sensitivity to low levels of potassium in the blood and in patients with gout. InteractionsCaution is advised in the combination of indapamide with lithium and nonantiarrhythmic drugs causing wave-burst arrhythmia (astemizole, bepridil, IV erythromycin, halofantrine, pentamidine, sultopride, terfenadine, and vincamine). OverdoseSymptoms of overdosage would be those associated with a diuretic effect, i.e. electrolyte disturbances, low blood pressure, and muscular weakness. Treatment should be symptomatic, directed at correcting electrolyte abnormalities. Dosage and administrationThe adult dosage is 1.25 to 5 mg, orally and once daily, usually in the morning. Indapamide is available generically as 1.25 mg and 2.5 mg non-scored tablets.[5] It is also available in SR (sustained release) form. See also
References1. ^{{MeshName|Indapamide}} {{Diuretics}}2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Olde Engberink RH, Frenkel WJ, van den Bogaard B, Brewster LM, Vogt L, van den Born BJ |title=Effects of thiazide-type and thiazide-like diuretics on cardiovascular events and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Hypertension |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=1033–40 |date=May 2015 |pmid=25733241 |doi=10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.05122 |url=}} 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Jnos |last2=Ganellin |first2=C. Robin |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=457 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA457 |language=en}} 4. ^{{cite journal|title=HYVET Trial| pmid=18378519 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0801369 | volume=358| date=May 2008| journal=N. Engl. J. Med.| pages=1887–98 | last1 = Beckett | first1 = NS | last2 = Peters | first2 = R | last3 = Fletcher | first3 = AE |display-authors=etal}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://online.lexi.com/crlsql/servlet/crlonline|title=Lexicomp Online Login|work=lexi.com}} 8 : Thiazides|Diuretics|Benzamides|Indoles|Chloroarenes|Laboratoires Servier|Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors|World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances |
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