1. History
    Investment 

2. Participants
    Technology companies  Educational institutions  Financial and professional services providers  Community organisations  Public sector organisations 

3. Housing

4. Responses

5. Transport

6. See also

7. References

8. Further reading

9. External links

A cluster of web businesses initially developed around the Old Street Roundabout in 2008. The area had historically been relatively run down compared to the City. The 2008–09 recession further suppressed rents through the closure of numerous firms, making it affordable to technology start-ups, while redundancies from financial services companies, such as investment banks, released a pool of experienced talent interested in entrepreneurship.^[4]

From 2010, as the cluster developed, both local and national government supported its growth, with the goal of creating a cluster comparable to Silicon Valley in the United States.^[1][5] Cisco, Facebook, Google, Intel, McKinsey & Company and Microsoft are among the companies that have invested in the area.^[6] City, University of London, London Metropolitan University, Imperial College London, Queen Mary University of London and University College London are all academic partners in projects based in the cluster.^[7][8]

History

Technology companies located in the area in 2008 included Dopplr, Last.fm, Consolidated Independent, Trampoline Systems, AMEE, Skimbit (now Skimlinks), Songkick, Poke London, Kizoom, Redmonk, MOO, LShift, Ket Lai, Solstice and Schulze & Webb.^[4] Other early companies to locate there were Tinker.it, flubit, TweetDeck, Berg, Fotango, weartical.com, Rummble, Squiz, Techlightenment, BrightLemon, Believe.in, Livemusic and WAYN.

Plans to help accelerate the growth of the cluster were announced by Prime Minister David Cameron in a speech given in east London on 4 November 2010.^[6] A year later, Cameron announced that he was appointing entrepreneur Eric van der Kleij to lead the initiative.^[9] In 2010 there were 85 startup companies in the area.^[10] By 2011, approximately 200 firms were occupying the area, signifying a rapid increase in interest.^[11] Wired magazine updated this figure in 2012 and suggested some 5,000 tech companies were located in the wider area centred on the Old Street roundabout.^[12] Wired maintains a topic on the area.^[13]

On 28 September 2011 it was announced that Google had acquired a seven-storey building near Old Street roundabout. Google said that the building, in Bonhill Street, would host "a range of activities, such as speaker series, hackathons, training workshops and product demonstrations" in addition to providing workspace for new companies.^[14] The building, known as Campus London, opened in March 2012.

In 2013 the Nominet Trust selected "5 startups making positive social change" which are based in the cluster: Streetbank, Give What You’re Good At, Videre Est Credere, Buddy App and PaveGen.^[15]

A report by EY published in 2016 highlighted the importance of London to the UK's FinTech industry in terms of availability of expertise and demand for services.^[16]

Investment

Investment in London's technology sector was $2.28 billion in 2015, 69 per cent higher than the $1.3 billion raised in 2014. Since 2010, London-based technology companies have collectively raised $5.2 billion of venture capital funding.^[17]

Participants

Technology companies

Notable technology companies active in the cluster include:

• 7digital
• Amazon – has opened its Digital Media Development Centre in the area^[18][19]
• Aurora Fashions ^[20] – the company behind Coast, Oasis and Warehouse occupies one of the largest buildings around the Old Street roundabout (Exchange House) and with mobile sites and apps
• Avoiding Mass Extinctions Engine (AMEE)
• BT – has agreed to accelerate the roll-out of superfast broadband in the area^[7]
• Cisco – has agreed to establish an Innovation Centre in the Olympic Park^[7]
• DueDil
• EE^[21] – has introduced 300Mbit/s 4G in the Tech City area
• Flubit
• Facebook – has agreed to create a base for their Developer Garage programme in the hub^[7]
• Google – has created an Innovation Hub in the area to develop next-generation applications and services (whilst retaining its UK headquarters also in central London)^[7] Google also hosts its Campus London Residency Programme in the area. The 2018 cohort hosted start-ups focussing on tech for good.^[22]
• Gojimo – the UK's leading revision app provider
• Growth Intelligence
• Import.io
• Inmarsat
• Intel – has established a new research lab in the area focused on performance computing and new energy efficiency technologies
• [https://www.labstep.com/ Labstep]
• Last.fm
• Livemusic
• Lost My Name
• Memrise
• Microsoft - has created a developer community hub called the Microsoft Reactor in the area.
• Mixcloud
• PaveGen
• Qualcomm – has agreed to provide intellectual property advice to start-up companies based in the area^[7]
• R/GA – is specialised in Digital Transformation with a ventures arm and start-up accelerator
• Seedcamp
• Simply Business
• Songkick
• Sports Interactive
• Squiz
• Stack Exchange
• Startup Weekend
• Streetbank
• Stripe
• TransferWise
• Tweet Deck
• Ve Interactive – an e-commerce solutions provider based in Clerkenwell
• Workshare

• Seedrs

• Lendinvest

Educational institutions

Educational institutions active in the cluster include:

• Imperial Innovations (the technology-transfer company of Imperial College London) – has agreed to advise on the creation of an accelerator space for spinout companies at the Olympic Park^[7]
• Loughborough University and University College London – have agreed to work with the Olympic Legacy Company to establish a bridge between academia and enterprise in the Olympic Park^[7]
• London Metropolitan University – has their own student accelerator and business incubator "Accelerator London" in 35 Kingsland Road

Financial and professional services providers

Financial and professional services providers active in the cluster include:

• Barclays – has agreed to create a new facility to provide specialist banking services to technology companies based in the area^[7]
• KPMG – opened a dedicated office in January 2013 providing accounting and tax advice to early-stage technology companies^[23]
• McKinsey & Company – has agreed to provide advice on the creation of the hub and help to new companies starting out in the area^[7]
• Silicon Valley Bank – has agreed to establish a UK-based bank to provide financing for technology and life science companies based in the area^[7]
• Capco – relocated their UK headquarters to Great Eastern Street in 2014 (along with BOLD ROCKET), and is currently providing office space for small FinTech startups^[7]
• Taylor Wessing – opened the cluster's first dedicated law firm office in October 2011^[24]

Community organisations

A number of not-for-profit organisations have created a sense of community in the area including Independent Shoreditch,^[25] a business alliance, and Digital Shoreditch, which organises monthly meet-ups plus an annual festival of the same name.

East London Radio launched in 2013 as an on-line talk community radio station run entirely by volunteers, with studios in several East London boroughs.

Public sector organisations

Public sector organisations active in the cluster include:

• City of London Corporation – assisted in the creation of the Innovation Warehouse
• Tech City Investment Organisation (TCIO) – a quango founded by the UK Government department UK Trade & Investment to encourage the growth and development of the Tech City cluster.^[26][27]

Housing

As the cluster expands, a number of developments have been/or are due to be built, such as by ASAP Member Cuckooz, who launched its latest design-led apartments in 2018, targeted towards the tech companies and offer apartments in a renovated art deco style cinema dating back to 1870, and features a new arthouse cinema on the ground floor.^[28] While, the Atlas Building on Old Street has full planning permission and is substantially already pre-sold on the market.^[29] and The Maker, which is situated on Nile Street close to City Road on the very edge of Tech City and designed by Avanti Architects, which is underdevelopment and will provide 175 contemporary, apartments within an elegant 28-storey tower and connected low-rise building.^[30]

Responses

The rapid growth of the cluster has met with some criticism. Think tank 'Centre for London' said the development had little focus and could be counter-productive. The think tank also raised concerns over a skills shortage, connectivity, lack of mentoring and rising costs.^[31] Tech City has been called a "marketing gimmick" on the wrong side of London (away from Heathrow Airport) which is still over 30% more expensive than any city outside London.^{[32] [33]}James Dyson criticised the government for spending money on the scheme to attract international companies who drive up rents instead of helping start-up and hardware companies who he argues have greater potential than software and internet companies.^[34]

Transport

See also

• Financial technology
• Silicon Fen
• Silicon Glen
• MediaCityUK
• The Sharp Project

References

Further reading

• {{cite news|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2013/04/features/londons-moment?page=1|title=London's moment: the tech cluster in the east of Britain's capital is on a roll|accessdate=8 April 2013|publisher=Wired|date=5 April 2013}}
• {{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/17581635|title=Silicon Roundabout|accessdate=8 April 2013|publisher=The Economist|date=25 November 2010}}
• {{cite news | first = Rory | last = Cellan-Jones | authorlink = Rory Cellan-Jones | title = Start-up Britain – Cambridge v Tech City | date = 9 May 2012 | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-17998596 | work = BBC News | accessdate = 9 May 2012}}

External links

• Tech City Investment Organisation
• {{Twitter}}
• Department for Business, Innovation & Skills

• Take out
• Take-out
• Take-out food
• Takeover
• Takeover bid
• Takeovers
• Takeover (song)
• Takeo Yoshikawa
• Take Penacilin Now
• 'Taker
• Taker
• Takera Kobayashi
• Takeru
• Takeru Kobayashi
• Takeru "T.K." Takaishi
• Takeru "Tsunami" Kobayashi
• Takeru Tsunami Kobayashi
• Takes a Little Time (Amy Grant song)
• Takes A Little Time (maxi single)
• Takeshi Aono
• Takeshi Araki
• Takeshi Asami
• Takeshi Challenge
• Takeshi Kaga
• Takeshi Kaiko