释义 |
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{{use mdy dates|date=December 2014}}{{PoeTopics}}The works of American author Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) include many poems, short stories, and one novel. His fiction spans multiple genres, including horror fiction, adventure, science fiction, and detective fiction, a genre he is credited with inventing.[1] These works are generally considered part of the Dark romanticism movement, a literary reaction to Transcendentalism.[2] Poe's writing reflects his literary theories: he disagreed with didacticism[3] and allegory.[4] Meaning in literature, he said in his criticism, should be an undercurrent just beneath the surface; works whose meanings are too obvious cease to be art.[5] Poe pursued originality in his works, and disliked proverbs.[6] He often included elements of popular pseudosciences such as phrenology[7] and physiognomy.[8] His most recurring themes deal with questions of death, including its physical signs, the effects of decomposition, concerns of premature burial, the reanimation of the dead, and mourning.[9] Though known as a masterly practitioner of Gothic fiction, Poe did not invent the genre; he was following a long-standing popular tradition.[10] Poe's literary career began in 1827 with the release of 50 copies of Tamerlane and Other Poems credited only to "a Bostonian", a collection of early poems that received virtually no attention.[11] In December 1829, Poe released Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems in Baltimore[12] before delving into short stories for the first time with "Metzengerstein" in 1832.[13] His most successful and most widely read prose during his lifetime was "The Gold-Bug",[14] which earned him a $100 prize, the most money he received for a single work.[15] One of his most important works, "The Murders in the Rue Morgue", was published in 1841 and is today considered the first modern detective story.[16] Poe called it a "tale of ratiocination".[1] Poe became a household name with the publication of "The Raven" in 1845,[17] though it was not a financial success.[18] The publishing industry at the time was a difficult career choice and much of Poe's work was written using themes specifically catered for mass market tastes.[19] Poetry{{main|Poems by Edgar Allan Poe}}Title | Date | First published in | Notes |
---|
"Poetry" | 1824 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [20] | "O, Tempora! O, Mores!" | 1825 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | Not authenticated,[21] attribution to Poe is likely incorrect[22] | "Tamerlane" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [23] | "Song" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [24] | "Imitation" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [24] | "A Dream" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [24] | "The Lake" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [23] | "Spirits of the Dead" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [23] | "Evening Star" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [23] | "Dreams" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [25] | "Stanzas" | July 1827 | Tamerlane and Other Poems | [26] | "The Happiest Day" | September 15, 1827 | The North American | [24] | "To Margaret" | circa 1827 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [27] | "Alone" | 1829 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [28] | "To Isaac Lea" | circa 1829 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [29] | "To The River ——" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | [30] | "To ——" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | Begins "The bowers whereat, in dreams..."[31] | "To ——" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | Begins "Should my early life seem..."[31] | "Romance" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | [24] | "Fairy-Land" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | [24] | "To Science" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | [32] | "Al Aaraaf" | 1829 | Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems | [24] | "An Acrostic" | 1829 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [24] | "Elizabeth" | 1829 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [33] | "To Helen" | 1831 | Poems by Edgar A. Poe | [33] | "A Paean" | 1831 | Poems by Edgar A. Poe | [34] | "The Sleeper" | 1831 | Poems by Edgar A. Poe | [34] | "The City in the Sea" | 1831 | Poems by Edgar A. Poe | [34] | "The Valley of Unrest" | 1831 | Poems by Edgar A. Poe | [34] | "Israfel" | 1831 | Poems by Edgar A. Poe | [34] | "Enigma" | February 2, 1833 | Baltimore Saturday Visiter | [35] | "Fanny" | May 18, 1833 | Baltimore Saturday Visiter | [36] | "The Coliseum" | October 26, 1833 | Baltimore Saturday Visiter | [37] | "Serenade" | April 20, 1833 | Baltimore Saturday Visiter | [38] | "To One in Paradise" | January 1834 | Godey's Lady's Book | [30] | "Hymn" | April 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | [39] | "To Elizabeth" | September 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Republished as "To F——s S. O——d" in 1845[33] | "May Queen Ode" | circa 1836 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [40] | "Spiritual Song" | 1836 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [41] | "Latin Hymn" | March 1836 | Southern Literary Messenger | [42] | "Bridal Ballad" | January 1837 | Southern Literary Messenger | Originally published as "Ballad"[43] | "To Zante" | January 1837 | Southern Literary Messenger | [32] | "The Haunted Palace" | April 1839 | American Museum | [44] | "Silence–A Sonnet" | January 4, 1840 | Saturday Courier | [45] | "Lines on Joe Locke" | February 28, 1843 | Saturday Museum | [46] | "The Conqueror Worm" | January 1843 | Graham's Magazine | [47] | "Lenore" | February 1843 | The Pioneer | [48] | "A Campaign Song" | 1844 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [49] | "Dream-Land" | June 1844 | Graham's Magazine | [47] | "Impromptu. To Kate Carol" | April 26, 1845 | Broadway Journal | [50] | "To F——" | April 1845 | Broadway Journal | Republished as "To Frances" in the September 6, 1845, issue of the Broadway Journal[33] | "Eulalie" | July 1845 | A Whig Journal | [51] | "Epigram for Wall Street" | January 23, 1845 | Evening Mirror | [52] | "The Raven" | February 1845 | American Review: A Whig Journal | [53] | "The Divine Right of Kings" | October 1845 | Graham's Magazine | [54] | "A Valentine" | February 21, 1846 | Evening Mirror | Originally published as "To Her Whose Name Is Written Below"[55] | "Beloved Physician" | 1847 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | Incomplete[56] | "Deep in Earth" | 1847 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | Incomplete[57] | "To M. L. S—— (1847)" | March 13, 1847 | The Home Journal | [33] | "Ulalume" | December 1847 | American Whig Review | [58] | "Lines on Ale" | 1848 | Never published in Poe's lifetime | [59] | "To Marie Louise" | March 1848 | Columbian Magazine | [60] | "An Enigma" | March 1848 | Union Magazine of Literature and Art | [58] | "To Helen" | November 1848 | Sartain's Union Magazine | [33] | "A Dream Within A Dream" | March 31, 1849 | The Flag of Our Union | [58] | "Eldorado" | April 21, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | [61] | "For Annie" | April 28, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | [58] | "To My Mother" | July 7, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | [30] | "Annabel Lee" | October 9, 1849 | New York Daily Tribune | Sold before Poe's death but published posthumously[62] | "The Bells" | November 1849 | Sartain's Union Magazine | Sold before Poe's death but published posthumously[58] |
TalesTitle | Publication date | First published in | Genre | Notes |
---|
"Metzengerstein" | January 14, 1832 | Philadelphia Saturday Courier | Horror / Satire | First published anonymously with the subtitle "A Tale in Imitation of the German"[13] | "The Duc de L'Omelette" | March 3, 1832 | Philadelphia Saturday Courier | Humor | Originally "The Duke of l'Omelette"[63] | "A Tale of Jerusalem" | June 9, 1832 | Philadelphia Saturday Courier | Humor | [64] | "Loss of Breath" | November 10, 1832 | Philadelphia Saturday Courier | Humor | Originally "A Decided Loss"[64] | "Bon-Bon" | December 1, 1832 | Philadelphia Saturday Courier | Humor | Originally "The Bargain Lost"[64] | "MS. Found in a Bottle" | October 19, 1833 | Baltimore Saturday Visiter | Adventure | [65] | "The Assignation" | January 1834 | Godey's Lady's Book | Horror | Originally "The Visionary", published anonymously[66] | "Berenice" | March 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Horror | [39] | "Morella" | April 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Horror | [39] | "Lionizing" | May 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Satire | Subtitle: "A Tale"[39] | "The Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans Pfaall" | June 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Adventure | [39] | "King Pest" | September 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Horror / Humor | Originally "King Pest the First", published anonymously[67] | "Shadow—A Parable" | September 1835 | Southern Literary Messenger | Horror | Published anonymously[67] | "Four Beasts in One—The Homo-Cameleopard" | March 1836 | Southern Literary Messenger | Humor | Originally "Epimanes"[68] | "Mystification" | June 1837 | American Monthly Magazine | Humor | Originally "Von Jung, the Mystific"[69] | "Silence—A Fable" | 1838 | Baltimore Book | Horror / Fantasy | Originally "Siope—A Fable"[60] | "Ligeia" | September 1838 | Baltimore American Museum | Horror | Republished in the February 15, 1845, issue of the New York World, included the poem "The Conqueror Worm" as words written by Ligeia on her death-bed[70] | "How to Write a Blackwood Article" | November 1838 | Baltimore American Museum | Parody | An introduction to "A Predicament"[71] | "A Predicament" | November 1838 | Baltimore American Museum | Parody | Companion to "How to Write a Blackwood Article," originally "The Scythe of Time"[71] | "The Devil in the Belfry" | May 18, 1839 | Saturday Chronicle and Mirror of the Times | Humor / Satire | [72] | "The Man That Was Used Up" | August 1839 | Burton's Gentleman's Magazine | Satire | [73] | "The Fall of the House of Usher" | September 1839 | Burton's Gentleman's Magazine | Horror | [74] | "William Wilson" | October 1839 | The Gift: A Christmas and New Year's Present for 1840 | Horror | [75] | "The Conversation of Eiros and Charmion" | December 1839 | Burton's Gentleman's Magazine | Science fiction | [75] | "Why the Little Frenchman Wears His Hand in a Sling" | 1840 | Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque | Humor | [76] | "The Business Man" | February 1840 | Burton's Gentleman's Magazine | Humor | Originally "Peter Pendulum"[75] | "The Man of the Crowd" | December 1840 | Graham's Magazine | Horror | [77] | "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" | April 1841 | Graham's Magazine | Detective fiction | [16] | "A Descent into the Maelström" | April 1841 | Graham's Magazine | Adventure | [76] | "The Island of the Fay" | June 1841 | Graham's Magazine | Fantasy | [76] | "The Colloquy of Monos and Una" | August 1841 | Graham's Magazine | Science fiction | [78] | "Never Bet the Devil Your Head" | September 1841 | Graham's Magazine | Satire | Subtitled "A Tale with a Moral"[79] | "Eleonora" | Fall 1841 | The Gift for 1842 | Romance | [80] | "Three Sundays in a Week" | November 27, 1841 | Saturday Evening Post | Humor | Originally "A Succession of Sundays"[81] | "The Oval Portrait" | April 1842 | Graham's Magazine | Horror | Originally "Life in Death"[82] | "The Masque of the Red Death" | May 1842 | Graham's Magazine | Horror | Originally "The Mask of the Red Death"[83] | "The Landscape Garden" | October 1842 | Snowden's Ladies' Companion | Sketch | Later incorporated into "The Domain of Arnheim"[84] | "The Mystery of Marie Rogêt" | November 1842, December 1842, February 1843 (serialized)[69] | Snowden's Ladies' Companion | Detective fiction | Originally subtitled "A Sequel to 'The Murders in the Rue Morgue'"[85] | "The Pit and the Pendulum" | 1842–1843 | The Gift: A Christmas and New Year's Present | Horror | [86] | "The Tell-Tale Heart" | January 1843 | The Pioneer | Horror | [87] | "The Gold-Bug" | June 1843 | Dollar Newspaper | Adventure | [88] | "The Black Cat" | August 19, 1843 | United States Saturday Post | Horror | [89] | "Diddling" | October 14, 1843 | Philadelphia Saturday Courier | Parody | Originally "Raising the Wind; or, Diddling Considered as One of the Exact Sciences"[90] | "The Spectacles" | March 27, 1844 | Dollar Newspaper | Humor | [91] | "A Tale of the Ragged Mountains" | April 1844 | Godey's Lady's Book | Science fiction, Adventure | [91] | "The Premature Burial" | July 31, 1844 | Dollar Newspaper | Horror | [92] | "Mesmeric Revelation" | August 1844 | Columbian Magazine | Science fiction | [93] | "The Oblong Box" | September 1844 | Godey's Lady's Book | Horror / Ratiocination | [94] | "The Angel of the Odd" | October 1844 | Columbian Magazine | Humor | Subtitled "An Extravaganza"[95] | "Thou Art the Man" | November 1844 | Godey's Lady's Book | Detective fiction / Satire | [94] | "The Literary Life of Thingum Bob, Esq." | December 1844 | Southern Literary Messenger | Humor | [94] | "The Purloined Letter" | 1844–1845 | The Gift: A Christmas and New Year's Present | Detective fiction | [96] | "The Thousand-and-Second Tale of Scheherazade" | February 1845 | Godey's Lady's Book | Humor | Meant as a sequel to One Thousand and One Nights[97] | "Some Words with a Mummy" | April 1845 | American Review: A Whig Journal | Satire | [98] | "The Power of Words" | June 1845 | Democratic Review | Science fiction | [99] | "The Imp of the Perverse" | July 1845 | Graham's Magazine | Horror | [100] | "The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether" | November 1845 | Graham's Magazine | Humor | [101] | "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" | December 1845 | The American Review | Horror / Science fiction / Hoax | Originally "The Facts of M. Valdemar's Case"[102] | "The Sphinx" | January 1846 | Arthur's Ladies Magazine | Satire | [103] | "The Cask of Amontillado" | November 1846 | Godey's Lady's Book | Horror | [104] | "The Domain of Arnheim" | March 1847 | Columbian Lady's and Gentleman's Magazine | Sketch | Expansion of previous story "The Landscape Garden"[105] | "Mellonta Tauta" | February 1849 | Godey's Lady's Book | Science fiction / Hoax | [106] | "Hop-Frog" | March 17, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | Horror | Subtitled "Or, The Eight Chained Ourang-Outangs"[58] | "Von Kempelen and His Discovery" | April 14, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | Hoax / Satire | [58] | "X-ing a Paragrab" | May 12, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | Humor | [107] | "Landor's Cottage" | June 9, 1849 | Flag of Our Union | Sketch | Originally "Landor's Cottage: A Pendant to 'The Domain of Arnheim'"[108] |
Other worksEssays- "Maelzel's Chess Player" (April 1836 – Southern Literary Messenger)[109]
- "The Philosophy of Furniture" (May 1840 – Burton's Gentleman's Magazine)[110]
- "A Few Words on Secret Writing" (July 1841 – Graham's Magazine)[111]
- "Morning on the Wissahiccon" (1844 – The Opal)[90]
- "The Balloon-Hoax" (April 13, 1844) — A newspaper article that was actually a journalistic hoax[112]
- "The Philosophy of Composition" (April 1846 – Graham's Magazine)[58]
- "A Prose Poem" (March 1848 – Wiley & Putnam)[113]
- "The Rationale of Verse" (October 1848 – Southern Literary Messenger)[114]
- "The Poetic Principle" (December 1848 – Southern Literary Messenger)[58]
Novels- The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket (First two installments, January/February 1837 – Southern Literary Messenger, issued as complete novel in July 1838)[115]
- The Journal of Julius Rodman (First six installments, January–June 1840 – Burton's Gentleman's Magazine) — Incomplete[116]
Plays- Politian (Two installments, December 1835–January 1836 – Southern Literary Messenger) — Incomplete
Other- Tales of the Folio Club — A projected collection of Poe's tales on "dunderism" which was never completed in his lifetime
- The Philosophy of Animal Magnetism — A pamphlet on Mesmerism credited to a "Gentleman of Philadelphia" (1837), attributed to Poe using stylometry [117]
- The Conchologist's First Book (1839) — A textbook on sea shells produced by Poe as a condensed version of a textbook by Thomas Wyatt[71]
- The Light-House (1849, never published in Poe's lifetime) — An incomplete work that may have been intended to be a short story or a novel[118]
CollectionsThis list of collections refers only to those printed during Poe's lifetime with his permission. Modern anthologies are not included. - Tamerlane and Other Poems (credited by "a Bostonian") (1827)[24]
- Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems (1829)[24]
- Poems (1831, printed as "second edition")[119]
- Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque (December 1839)[120]
- The Prose Romances of Edgar A. Poe (1843)[121]
- Tales (1845, Wiley & Putnam)[122]
- The Raven and Other Poems (1845, Wiley & Putnam)[123]
See alsoAmerican journals that Edgar Allan Poe was involved with include: - A Whig Journal
- Broadway Journal
- Burton's Gentleman's Magazine
- Godey's Lady's Book
- Graham's Magazine
- Southern Literary Messenger
- The Stylus
References{{clear}}Notes1. ^1 {{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=171}} 2. ^{{harvnb|Koster|2002|p=336}} 3. ^{{harvnb|Kagle|1990|p=104}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Poe|1847|p=}} 5. ^{{harvnb|Wilbur|1967|p=99}} 6. ^{{harvnb|Hayes|2002|pp=445–465}} 7. ^{{harvnb|Hungerford|1930|pp=209–231}} 8. ^{{harvnb|Grayson|2005|pp=56–77}} 9. ^{{harvnb|Kennedy|1987|p=3}} 10. ^{{harvnb|Fisher|2002|p=72}} 11. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|pp=33–34}} 12. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=5}} 13. ^1 {{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=88}} 14. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=97}} 15. ^{{harvnb|Hoffman|1998|p=189}} 16. ^1 {{harvnb|Meyers|1992|p=123}} 17. ^{{harvnb|Hoffman|1998|p=80}} 18. ^{{harvnb|Krutch|1926|p=155}} 19. ^{{harvnb|Whalen|2001|p=67}} 20. ^Edgar Allan Poe — 'Poetry'" at Edgar Allan Poe Society online 21. ^{{harvnb|Hubbell|1945|pp=314–321}} 22. ^{{harvnb|Schöberlein|2017|pp=650-653}} 23. ^1 2 3 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=233}} 24. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=271}} 25. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp014.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Dreams' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 26. ^{{harvnb|Foye|1980|pp=22–23}} 27. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp010.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'To Margaret' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 28. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=8}} 29. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp025.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'To Isaac Lea' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 30. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=240}} 31. ^1 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=238}} 32. ^1 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=225}} 33. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=239}} 34. ^1 2 3 4 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=194}} 35. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp044.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Enigma' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 36. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp047.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Fanny' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 37. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp042.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'The Coliseum' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 38. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp045.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Serenade' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 39. ^1 2 3 4 {{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=208}} 40. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp059.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'May Queen Ode' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 41. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp054.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Spiritual Song' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 42. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp048.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Spiritual Song' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 43. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=34}} 44. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=138}} 45. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=220}} 46. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp033.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Lines on Joe Locke' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 47. ^1 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=282}} 48. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=201}} 49. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp071.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'A Campaign Song' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 50. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp076.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Impromptu – To Kate Carol' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 51. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=480}} 52. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp075.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'Epigram for Wall Street' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 53. ^ 54. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp079.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'The Divine Right of Kings' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 55. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=249}} 56. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|p=207}} 57. ^{{harvnb|Foye|1980|p=29}} 58. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=285}} 59. ^{{harvnb|Foye|1980|p=30}} 60. ^1 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=219}} 61. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=605}} 62. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|p=244}} 63. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=73}} 64. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=192}} 65. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=162}} 66. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=93}} 67. ^1 {{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=230}} 68. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=90}} 69. ^1 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=165}} 70. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=134}} 71. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=200}} 72. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=68}} 73. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=283}} 74. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=284}} 75. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=279}} 76. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=280}} 77. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=309}} 78. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=54}} 79. ^Quin, 325 80. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|pp=328–329}} 81. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=330}} 82. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|pp=330–331}} 83. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=331}} 84. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=129}} 85. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|p=134}} 86. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=188}} 87. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|p=137}} 88. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|pp=135–136}} 89. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=28}} 90. ^1 {{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=79}} 91. ^1 {{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=400}} 92. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=418}} 93. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=154}} 94. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=422}} 95. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=11}} 96. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=204}} 97. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=237}} 98. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=294}} 99. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=199}} 100. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=263}} 101. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=469}} 102. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=470}} 103. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=499}} 104. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|p=201}} 105. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=71}} 106. ^{{harvnb|Tschachler|2013|p=186}} 107. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=261}} 108. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=128}} 109. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=276}} 110. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=186}} 111. ^{{harvnb|Rosenheim|1997|p=19}} 112. ^{{harvnb|Quinn|1998|p=410}} 113. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=82}} 114. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=395}} 115. ^{{harvnb|Meyers|1992|pp=95–96}} 116. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=119}} 117. ^{{harvnb|Schöberlein|2017|pp=650-653}} 118. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp069.htm |author = Edgar Allan Poe |title= 'The Light-House' |accessdate=2008-03-29| publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society online}} 119. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=68}} 120. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=153}} 121. ^{{harvnb|Ostram|1987|p=40}} 122. ^{{harvnb|Sova|2001|p=232}} 123. ^{{harvnb|Silverman|1991|p=299}}
Sources- {{cite book |last=Fisher |first=Benjamin Franklin IV |year=2002 |authorlink= |chapter=Poe and the Gothic Tradition |pages=71–91 |title=The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe |editor-last=Hayes |editor-first=Keven J. |editor-link= |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-79727-6 |doi=10.1017/CCOL0521793262.006 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Foye |first=Raymond (editor) |year=1980 |authorlink= |title=The Unknown Poe: An Anthology of Fugitive Writings by Edgar Allan Poe |location=San Francisco |publisher=City Lights Books |isbn=978-0-87286-110-7 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite journal |last=Grayson |first=Eric |year=2005 |authorlink= |pages=56–77 |title=Weird Science, Weirder Unity: Phrenology and Physiognomy in Edgar Allan Poe |journal=Mode 1 |url=http://www.arts.cornell.edu/english/publications/mode/documents/grayson.html |accessdate=2011-12-28 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite journal |last=Hayes |first=Kevin J. |year=2002 |authorlink= |title=Visual Culture and the Word in Edgar Allan Poe's 'The Man of the Crowd' |journal=Nineteenth-Century Literature |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=445–465 |ref=harv |doi=10.1525/ncl.2002.56.4.445}}
- {{cite book |last=Hoffman |first=Daniel |year=1998 |origyear=1972 |authorlink=Daniel Hoffman |title=Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe |location=Baton Rouge |publisher=Louisiana State University Press |isbn=978-0-8071-2321-8 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite journal |last=Hubbell |first=Jay B. |year=1945 |authorlink= |title='O, Tempora! O, Mores!' A Juvenile Poem by Edgar Allan Poe |pages=314–321 |publisher=University of Colorado Studies |journal=Studies in the Humanities, Series B |volume=2 |issue=4 |url=http://www.eapoe.org/works/info/pp007.htm |accessdate=2011-12-28 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite journal |last=Hungerford |first=Edward |year=1930 |authorlink= |pages=209–231 |title=Poe and Phrenology |journal=American Literature |volume=1 |ref=harv |doi=10.2307/2920231}}
- {{cite book |last=Kagle |first=Steven E. |year=1990 |authorlink= |chapter=The Corpse Within Us |title=Poe and His Times: The Artist and His Milieu |editor-last=Fisher |editor-first=Benjamin Franklin IV |location=Baltimore |publisher=The Edgar Allan Poe Society |isbn=978-0-9616449-2-5 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Kennedy |first=J. Gerald |year=1987 |authorlink= |title=Poe, Death, and the Life of Writing |location=New Haven |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-03773-9 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Koster |first=Donald N. |year=2002 |authorlink= |chapter=Influences of Transcendentalism on American Life and Literature |title=Literary Movements for Students Vol. 1. |editor-last=Galens |editor-first=David |location=Detroit |publisher=Thompson Gale |isbn= |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Krutch |first=Joseph Wood |year=1926 |authorlink= |title=Edgar Allan Poe: A Study in Genius |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |location=New York |ref=harv }} (1992 reprint: {{ISBN|978-0-7812-6835-6}})
- {{cite book |last=Meyers |first=Jeffrey |year=1992 |authorlink= |title=Edgar Allan Poe: His Life and Legacy |publisher=Cooper Square Press |location=New York |edition=Paperback |pages= |isbn=978-0-8154-1038-6 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Ostram |first=John Ward |year=1987 |chapter=Poe's Literary Labors and Rewards |pages=37–47 |title=Myths and Reality: The Mysterious Mr. Poe |editor-last=Fisher |editor-first=Benjamin Franklin IV |location=Baltimore |publisher=The Edgar Allan Poe Society |isbn= |ref=harv }}
- {{cite journal |last=Poe |first=Edgar Allan |date=November 1847 |title=Tale-Writing—Nathaniel Hawthorne |pages=252–256 |journal=Godey's Ladies Book |url=http://www.eapoe.org/works/CRITICSM/GLB47HN1.HTM |accessdate=2011-12-28 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Quinn |first=Arthur Hobson |year=1998 |authorlink= |title=Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography |location=Baltimore |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-0-8018-5730-0 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Rosenheim |first=Shawn James |authorlink= |title=The Cryptographic Imagination: Secret Writing from Edgar Poe to the Internet |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-8018-5332-6 |ref=harv }}
- Sherer, Daniel. “Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Philosophy of Furniture (1840),”PIN-UP Magazine 15 (Nov. 2013), 166-72.
- {{cite journal |last=Schöberlein |first=Stefan |year=2017 |authorlink= |pages=650–653 |title=Poe or not Poe? A stylometric analysis of Edgar Allan Poe's disputed writings |journal=Digital Scholarship in the Humanities |volume=32 |issue=4 |ref=harv |doi=10.1093/llc/fqw019}}
- {{cite book |last=Silverman |first=Kenneth |year=1991 |authorlink=Kenneth Silverman |title=Edgar A. Poe: Mournful and Never-Ending Remembrance |publisher=Harper Perennial |location=New York |edition=Paperback |isbn=978-0-06-092331-0 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Sova |first=Dawn B. |year=2001 |authorlink= |title=Edgar Allan Poe A to Z: The Essential Reference to His Life and Work |publisher=Checkmark Books |location=New York |edition=Paperback |isbn=978-0-8160-4161-9 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Whalen |first=Terance |year=2001 |authorlink= |chapter=Poe and the American Publishing Industry |title=A Historical Guide to Edgar Allan Poe |editor-last=Kennedy |editor-first=J. Gerald |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-512150-6 |ref=harv }}
- {{cite book |last=Wilbur |first=Richard |year=1967 |authorlink= |chapter=The House of Poe |pages=99 |title=Poe: A Collection of Critical Essays |editor-last=Regan |editor-first=Robert |location=Englewood Cliffs, NJ |publisher=Prentice-Hall |isbn=978-0-13-684963-6 |ref=harv }}
External links{{wikisource-author|Edgar Allan Poe}}- The Works of Edgar Allan Poe at the Edgar Allan Poe Society online — includes multiple versions of fiction, essays, criticisms
- Complete list of Poe's contributions to various journals and magazines at bartleby.com
- {{Internet Archive author |sname=Edgar Allan Poe |dname=Edgar Allan Poe}}
- {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n79-29745 |name=Edgar Allan Poe}}
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