“Inductionism”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Inductionism

释义

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Inductionism is the scientific philosophy where laws are "induced" from sets of data. As an example, one might measure the strength of electrical forces at varying distances from charges and induce the inverse square law of electrostatics. This concept is considered one of the two pillars of the old view of the philosophy of science, together with verifiability.^[1] An application of inductionism can show how experimental evidence can confirm or inductively justify the belief in generalization and the laws of nature.^[2]

The early form of inductionism is associated with the philosophies of thinkers such as Francis Bacon.^[3] It is also said to be based on Newtonian physics.^[1] This is evident in Isaac Newton's Rule of Reasoning in Philosophy, which articulated his belief that it is imperative to cover the unobservably small features of the world through a methodology that has a strong empirical base.^[4] Here, the speculative hypothesis was replaced by induction from premises obtained through observation and experiment.^[4]

References

1. ^¹{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=wcwYDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT169&dq=%22inductionism%22+scientific+philosophy&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjfxYyYks7fAhULAogKHQrGDQsQ6AEINzAC#v=onepage&q=%22inductionism%22%20scientific%20philosophy&f=false|title=Economics, Philosophy and Physics|last=Hsieh|first=Ching-Yao|last2=Ye|first2=Meng-Hua|date=2016-09-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781315489230|language=en}}
2. ^{{Cite book|title=Philosophy, Science, Education and Culture|last=Nola|first=Robert|last2=Irzik|first2=Gurol|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=2005|isbn=1402037694|location=Dordrecht|pages=215}}
3. ^{{Cite book|title=Advancing Family Theories|last=White|first=James|publisher=SAGE Publications|year=2005|isbn=0761929053|location=Thousand Oaks, CA|pages=21}}
4. ^¹{{Cite book|title=Kant’s Philosophy of Physical Science|last=Butts|first=Robert|publisher=D. Reidel Publishing Company|year=1986|isbn=9027723095|location=Dodrecht|pages=273}}

2 : Metatheory of science|Inductive reasoning

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