| 词条 | Edward Fitzgerald (bishop) |
| 释义 |
| type = Bishop | name = The Most Rev. Edward Mary Fitzgerald | title = Bishop of Little Rock | image = Bishop Edward Mary Fitzgerald.jpg | alt = | caption = | church = Roman Catholic Church | archdiocese = | diocese = | see = Little Rock | term = February 3, 1867—February 21, 1907 | predecessor = Andrew Byrne | successor = John Baptist Morris | ordination = August 22, 1857 | ordinated_by = | consecration = February 3, 1867 | consecrated_by = | rank = | birth_date = {{birth date|1833|10|28}} | birth_place = Limerick, County Limerick, Ireland | death_date = {{death date and age|1907|2|21|1833|10|28}} | death_place = Hot Springs, Arkansas, United States | previous_post = }} Edward Mary Fitzgerald (October 28, 1833—February 21, 1907) was an Irish-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Little Rock from 1867 until his death in 1907. BiographyEdward Fitzgerald was born in Limerick to James and Joanna (née Pratt) Fitzgerald. He was one of eight children one of whom, Joseph, also became a priest.[1] In 1849 he and his parents immigrated to the United States in the aftermath of the Irish potato famine.[2] He attended St. Mary's of the Barrens Seminary at Perryville, Missouri from 1850 to 1852, and then completed his theological studies at Mount St. Mary's Seminary of the West in Cincinnati, Ohio and at Mount St. Mary's College in Emmitsburg, Maryland.[3] Fitzgerald was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop John Baptist Purcell on August 22, 1857.[4] His first and only assignment was pastor of St. Patrick's Church in Columbus, Ohio, where he healed a divisive ethnic schism between the Irish and German immigrants.[2] He gained his American citizenship in 1859.[2] On April 24, 1866, Fitzgerald was appointed the second Bishop of Little Rock, Arkansas, by Pope Pius IX.[4] However, he initially refused the appointment but was commanded by the Holy See to accept in December.[5] He received his episcopal consecration on February 3, 1867 from Archbishop Purcell, with Bishops John Joseph Lynch, C.M., and Sylvester Horton Rosecrans serving as co-consecrators, at St. Patrick's Church.[4] At age 33, he was the youngest member of the American hierarchy.[5] Fitzgerald presided over a period of great growth in the Little Rock Diocese. Arriving in Arkansas by steamboat in March 1867,[5] he found four parishes, five priests, and 1,600 Catholics; by the time of his death in 1907, there were 41 churches with resident priests, 32 missions, 60 priests, and 20,000 Catholics.[3] He first rebuilt the churches and missions ravaged by the Civil War.[5] From 1869 to 1870, he attended the First Vatican Council. At the Council, Fitzgerald was one of the only two bishops (the other being Aloisio Riccio) to vote against papal infallibility.[6] While he believed in the theological grounds for infallibility, he feared that its dogmatic definition would hamper the conversion of non-Catholics in Arkansas.[5] However, he fully submitted to the Council's decision when the tally ended.[2] Fitzgerald encouraged Catholic immigration to Arkansas from Germany, Italy, and Poland; introduced the Benedictine Sisters and the Sisters of Charity; and established St. Benedict's Priory.[5] He laid the cornerstone of [https://web.archive.org/web/20090719103747/http://cathedralsaintandrew.org/ St. Andrew's Cathedral] in July 1878, and dedicated it in November 1881.[2] He delivered the opening sermon at the Third Plenary Council of Baltimore in 1884, and opened [https://www.stvincenthealth.com/ St. Vincent's Infirmary] (the first hospital in Arkansas) in 1888.[2] In 1894 he dedicated the first Catholic church in Arkansas for African Americans, at Pine Bluff.[3] Fitzgerald suffered a stroke in January 1900, and was subsequently paralyzed.[5] He received John Baptist Morris as his coadjutor bishop in June 1906.[7] He also suffered from depression, once writing, "I find in me a growing dislike in making exertions of any kind, a bad sign in me, no longer a young man...I am overwhelmed with despondency and gloom."[8] Fitzgerald later died at St. Joseph's Hospital in Hot Springs,[5] aged 73. He is buried in a crypt under St. Andrew's Cathedral.[2] References1. ^{{cite news|work=Old Limerick Journal Winter 1993|title=The Limerick Bishop who said No to Papal Infallibility|url=http://www.limerickcity.ie/media/limerick%20bishop%20who%20said%20no.pdf}} {{s-start}}{{s-rel|ca}}{{succession box |2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|work=Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture|title=Edward Mary Fitzgerald (1833–1907)|url=http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=1644#}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|work=Catholic Encyclopedia|title=Little Rock|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09295a.htm}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=Bishop Edward Fitzgerald|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bfite.html}}{{Self-published source|date=March 2015}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news|work=Roman Catholic Diocese of Little Rock|title=The Most Rev. Edward M. Fitzgerald|url=http://www.dolr.org/bishop/fitzgerald.php}} 6. ^Petersen, Svend. "The Little Rock against the Bog Rock", Arkansas Historical Quarterly 2 (June 1943} p. 164 7. ^{{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=Bishop John Baptist Morris|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bmorris.html}}{{Self-published source|date=March 2015}} 8. ^{{cite news|work=Roman Catholic Diocese of Little Rock|title=Bishop Edward Fitzgerald was a reluctant but ready servant|url=http://www.arkansascatholic.org/article.php?id=776|last=Luyet|first=Gregory T}} before=Andrew Byrne| title=Bishop of Little Rock | years=1867—1907 | after=John Baptist Morris }}{{s-end}}{{Roman Catholic Diocese of Little Rock}}{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Fitzgerald, Edward}} 12 : 1833 births|1907 deaths|People from Limerick (city)|Irish emigrants to the United States (before 1923)|The Athenaeum of Ohio alumni|Mount St. Mary's University alumni|Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati|American Roman Catholic bishops|Roman Catholic bishops of Little Rock|19th-century Roman Catholic bishops|20th-century Roman Catholic bishops|Participants in the First Vatican Council |
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