| 词条 | Egba Alake | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Egba Alake |image_skyline = |imagesize = |settlement_type = Traditional state |image_caption = |pushpin_map = Nigeria |pushpin_label_position = bottom |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Nigeria |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Nigeria}} |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Ogun State |unit_pref = |population_as_of = |population_total = |coordinates = {{coord|7|9|39|N|3|20|54|E|region:NG|display=inline}} }} Egba Alake is one of the five sections of Egbaland, the others being Oke-Ona, Gbagura, the Owu and Ibara (historically, Ibara is part of Yewa, not Egba, although it is located in the present day Abeokuta geographically). It is a traditional state which joins with its bordering sections to form something of a high kingship. The Alake of Abeokuta, or Alake of Egbaland, is the traditional ruler of the Egba clan of Yoruba in the city of Abeokuta in southwestern Nigeria.[1] The Egba Alake section is seen by traditionalists as Abeokuta's aristocracy due to the fact that its principal noblemen, the Omo-Iya-Marun, serve as the kingmakers of the Alake, who must himself also come from this section. HistoryAbeokuta was founded around 1830 by Egba people after the collapse of the Oyo Empire and the Yoruba people's subsequent descent into internecine warfare. The city was founded because of its strong defensive physical position by refugees trying to protect themselves against slave raiders from Dahomey, who were trying to benefit from the war. In 1832, Abeokuta was involved in war with the people of Ijebu Remo, and in 1834 with the Ibadan people. Sporadic fighting continued with the people of Ota (1842), Ado (1844), Ibarapa (1849), Dahomey (1851), Ijebu-Ere (1851), Ijaye (1860–1862) and the Makun War of 1862–1864.[2] On 18 January 1893, a treaty was signed with the governor and commander-in-chief of the British Lagos Colony for the purpose of trade; the British recognized Egbaland as an independent state. In 1898, the Egba United Government was formed. In 1904, an agreement was made where the British assumed jurisdiction in certain legal cases, and in the same year, the Alake Gbadebo paid a state visit to England. Over the following years, the British steadily assumed more responsibility for administration while continuing to formally recognize the Egba state.[3] In 1914, the kingdom was incorporated into the newly amalgamated British Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria.[4] In 1949, as a result of agitation by the women's rights leader Chief Funmilayo Ransome Kuti, the Alake Ladapo Ademola was forced to abdicate. He later returned to the throne.[5] RulersRulers of the Egba in Abeokuta, who took the title "Alake" in 1854, were:[6]
References1. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.punchng.com/Articl.aspx?theartic=Art20071105133893 |title = Alake, others fault Owu’s claim on Abeokuta |author = Niyi Odebode |date = 5 Nov 2007 |work = The Punch |accessdate = 2010-09-07 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071105150807/http://www.punchng.com/Articl.aspx?theartic=Art20071105133893 |archivedate = 5 November 2007 |df = dmy}} {{Nigerian traditional states}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.egbaunitedsociety.com/history-of-Abeokut2.doc |title=History of Abeokuta |work=Egba United Society |accessdate=2010-09-07 }}{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.egbayewa.org/Egba%20Historical%20Facts.pdf |title=Egba: Some Historical Facts |work=Egba-Yewa Descendants Association Washington, DC. |accessdate=2010-09-07}} 4. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.egbayewa.org/kingdoms.htm |title = Egba Historical Facts |work = Egba-Yewa Descendants Association Washington, DC. |accessdate = 2010-09-07 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20101128115354/http://www.egbayewa.org/kingdoms.htm |archivedate = 28 November 2010 |df = dmy}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/pdfs/glendora%20review/vol2no2/graa002002007.pdf |title=Monuments and metamorphosis |accessdate=2010-09-07 |last=Adeniyi |first=Dapo |work=African Quarterly on the Arts Vol.2 No.2}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_native.html |title=Traditional States of Nigeria |work=WorldStatesmen.org |accessdate=2010-09-07}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=4288&z=12 |title=Gbadebo emerges new Alake – • We’re yet to confirm any candidate – Ogun govt |date=4 August 2005 |work=Online Nigeria Daily News |author=Niyi Odebode and Olaolu Oladipo}} 3 : Nigerian traditional states|Abeokuta|History of Abeokuta |
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