词条 | Ingemar Stenmark | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
|name = Ingemar Stenmark |image = Ingemar Stenmark, June 2014-P6170012-1.jpg |image_size = 220 |caption = Stenmark in 2014 |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|3|18|df=y}} |birth_place = Joesjö, Storuman, Lapland, Sweden |death_date = |death_place = |height = {{height|m=1.81}} |club = Fjällvinden Tärnaby |olympicteams = |olympicmedals = 3 |olympicgolds = 2 |worldsteams = |worldsmedals = 4 |worldsgolds = 3 |wcseasons = 16 (1974–89) |wcwins = 86 (46 GS, 40 SL) |wcpodiums = 155 |wcoveralls = 3 |wctitles = 16 |show-medals = yes |medals ={{Medal|Competition|International alpine ski competitions}}{{MedalCount | total = yes |Olympic Games|2|0|1 |World Championships|3|1|0 }}{{Medal|Competition|World Cup standings podiums}}{{MedalCount | total = yes | Overall | 3 |6 |0 | Slalom | 8 | 4 | 1 | Giant | 8 | 3 | 0 }}{{Medal|Competition|World Cup race podiums}}{{MedalCount | total = yes | Slalom | 40 | 29 | 12 | Giant | 46 | 13 | 13 | Parallel | 0 | 1 | 0 | Combined |0 | 0 | 1 }}{{Medal|Competition|Olympic Games}}{{Medal|Gold|1980 Lake Placid|Giant slalom}}{{Medal|Gold|1980 Lake Placid|Slalom}}{{Medal|Bronze|1976 Innsbruck|Giant slalom}}{{Medal|Competition|World Championships}}{{Medal|Gold|1978 Garmisch|Giant slalom}}{{Medal|Gold|1978 Garmisch|Slalom}}{{Medal|Gold|1982 Schladming|Slalom}}{{Medal|Silver|1982 Schladming|Giant slalom}} }} Jan Ingemar Stenmark ({{IPA-sv|ˈɪŋː(ɛ)mar ²steːnmark}}; born 18 March 1956 in Joesjö, Sweden) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from Sweden. He is regarded as one of the most prominent Swedish athletes ever,[1] and as the greatest slalom and giant slalom specialist of all time. He competed for Fjällvinden Tärnaby. BiographyBorn in Joesjö, Storuman Municipality, Lapland, Stenmark's family moved to Tärnaby near Norway when he was four years old. He became a childhood neighbor of Stig Strand (also born 1956), who tied Stenmark for the World Cup slalom title in 1983. Stenmark began skiing at the age of five and won his first national competition at age eight. Competitive recordStenmark made his World Cup debut in December 1973 at age 17. He won more international races than any other alpine skier in history: he took 86 wins (46 giant slaloms and 40 slaloms). His closest male competitor is Marcel Hirscher, with 67 (up to January 2019) victories to his name. Stenmark won only in the two technical disciplines: slalom and giant slalom (the other events are downhill, super-G, first run in December 1982, and combined). He rarely competed in the other disciplines, as he was not comfortable with speeds in excess of {{convert|120|km/h|0|abbr=on}}. Stenmark still has the record for the biggest win-margin in a World Cup alpine race: 4,06 seconds ahead of 2nd placed Bojan Križaj in Jasna, 4 February 1979. Stenmark was known as a quiet champion, with short, but polite, responses to media questions.[1][2][3] For his three straight World Cup titles (1976–78), Stenmark earned the Holmenkollen medal in 1979 (shared with Erik Håker and Raisa Smetanina). Stenmark also earned the Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal twice (1975, 1978). His 1978 medal was shared with tennis player Björn Borg, making them the only two men to ever win the honor twice (female alpine skier Anja Pärson received the medal in 2006 and 2007). At the World Championships in 1978 in Garmisch West Germany, Stenmark won the slalom by two-thirds of a second and the giant slalom by over two seconds,[2] and successfully defended both world titles at the Winter Olympics in 1980 at Lake Placid, which were also world championships. At the next worlds in 1982 in Austria, he had a sub-standard first run in the giant slalom and was upset by American Steve Mahre and settled for silver.[4][5][6] Stenmark rebounded in the slalom and became the first to win the same title in three consecutive world championships.[7] At age 25, it was his final medal in a major competition. Stenmark was not allowed to participate in the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo by the International Ski Federation (FIS) for accepting promotional payments directly, rather than through the national ski federation.[8] Hanni Wenzel of Liechtenstein was also banned; both were double gold medalists in 1980.[9][10] Marc Girardelli, who was the best slalom racer during the 1983-84 season, wasn't allowed to participate either. In his case it was because he didn't have citizenship in Luxembourg, the country for which he competed.[11] Stenmark was allowed back into the Olympic competition in 1988,[3][12] but was past his prime and did not medal (however, he had the fastest second run of the slalom competition). He retired from World Cup competition at the end of the 1989 season in March, days before his 33rd birthday.[13] OtherDuring the years from 1976 to 1978 Stenmark, along with tennis player Björn Borg, became a national icon in Sweden.[1] This was not changed by the fact that he moved to Monaco in 1980 for tax reasons.[3][8] At age 40, he won the Swedish Superstars championship in 1996.[14] On 26 December 2004, Stenmark survived the Indian Ocean earthquake while on vacation in Thailand. In 2015, he was a celebrity dancer on the Let's Dance 2015, where he teamed up with professional dancer Cecilia Ehrling.[15] PersonalStenmark was married to Ann Uvhagen, a Lufthansa airline hostess, 1984–1987,.[3][16] They have a daughter, born 1984.[17] In 2016 he married his girlfriend of some ten years, Tarja Olli from Jakobstad, Finland, with whom he has another daughter, born 2008. World Cup resultsSeason titles
Season standings
Race victories86 wins - (46 GS, 40 SL), 155 podiums
Podiums
World championship results
At the World Championships from 1954 through 1980, the combined was a "paper race" using the results of the three events (DH, GS, SL). Olympic results
References1. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=tlsxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=laQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5886%2C3298443 |newspaper=Montreal Gazette |last=Farber |first=Michael |title=Ingemar Stenmark seeks fast way down - and out |date=18 February 1980 |page=18}} 2. ^1 {{cite magazine|magazine=Sports Illustrated|last=Johnson|first=William Oscar|title=Whipping the cream of the crop|date=13 February 1978|page=22}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/10/sports/olympic-profile-ingemar-stenmark-stenmark-31-proving-he-still-can-tackle-slalom.html|newspaper=The New York Times|last=Montgomery |first=Paul L. |title=Stenmark, at 31, is proving he can still tack slalom|date=10 January 1988|accessdate=2 April 2014}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=X5BTAAAAIBAJ&sjid=t4YDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3234%2C6444011|newspaper=Bend (OR) Bulletin|agency=UPI|title=Steve Mahre takes giant slalom gold at World Alpine Ski Championship|date=3 February 1982|page=D3}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ovlLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0e4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=3832%2C1174938|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|agency=Associated Press|last=Dobbin|first=Winsor|title=Steve Mahre steps from shadow|date=4 February 1982|page=27}} 6. ^{{cite magazine|magazine=Sports Illustrated|last=Johnson|first=William Oscar|title=One Mahre time for America|date=13 February 1982|page=22}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pvlLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0e4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=3641%2C2914983 |newspaper=Spokesman-Review|title=Stenmark takes gold|agency=Associated Press|date=8 February 1982 |page=17}} 8. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0jtWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=OOkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2690%2C7668012|newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard|title=Stenmark ruled ineligible to ski in Winter Olympics|date=29 October 1983|page=3C}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=RaQyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=P-8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2860%2C3088475|newspaper=Ottawa Citizen|agency=Reuters|title=Ski stars banned from Olympics|date=26 November 1983|page=71}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IZZTAAAAIBAJ&sjid=M4cDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5732%2C3230141 |newspaper=Bend (OR) Bulletin|agency=UPI|title=Ruling slaps Stenmark|date=7 November 1983|page=D-4}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xQEtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ns4FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2946%2C3648076|newspaper=Palm Beach Post|title=Winter Olympics will take place without three alpine skiers |agency=wire services|date=25 January 1984|page=D4}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=E0YjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=APADAAAAIBAJ&pg=4897%2C8536105|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|agency=Associated Press|title=Stenmark, Girardelli cleared to compete|date=11 December 1987|page=39}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4AcgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=FWUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2855%2C1937630|newspaper=Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun|title=Skiing: Stenmark retires|agency=Associated Press|date=11 March 1989|page=22}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thesuperstars.org/comp/swe.html|publisher=The Superstars|title=Swedish Superstars|accessdate=2 April 2014}} 15. ^{{cite web|last1=Engman|first1=Pascal|title=Ingemar Stenmarks tuffa start i Let's dance|trans-title=Ingemar Stenmark's tough start in Let's dance|url=http://www.expressen.se/noje/ingemar-stenmarks-tuffa-start-i-lets-dance/|date=4 February 2015|website=www.expressen.se|publisher=Expressen|accessdate=17 April 2015}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=UV9GAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yjENAAAAIBAJ&pg=3906%2C1061027 |newspaper=Evening News|location=Newburgh-Beacon, NY|agency=Associated Press|title=Stenmark marries airline hostess |date=10 September 1984|page=4B}} 17. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PQlWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KOEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5904%2C5581702|newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard|agency=Associated Press|title=Stenmark finds skiing fun again|date=22 November 1986|page=9C}} 18. ^In 1977 ex-aqueo with the Swiss Heini Hemmi and in 1984 with the other Swiss Pirmin Zurbriggen. External links{{Commons category-inline|Ingemar Stenmark}}
17 : 1956 births|Swedish male alpine skiers|Alpine skiers at the 1976 Winter Olympics|Alpine skiers at the 1980 Winter Olympics|Alpine skiers at the 1988 Winter Olympics|Olympic alpine skiers of Sweden|Medalists at the 1976 Winter Olympics|Medalists at the 1980 Winter Olympics|Olympic medalists in alpine skiing|Olympic gold medalists for Sweden|Olympic bronze medalists for Sweden|FIS Alpine Ski World Cup champions|Holmenkollen medalists|Swedish expatriates in Monaco|People from Storuman Municipality|Living people|Tärna IK Fjällvinden skiers |
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