| 词条 | Elbit Hermes 900 | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Elbit Systems Hermes 900 Kochav (Star)[3] is an Israeli medium-size, multi-payload, medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed for tactical missions. It is a sequel to the Hermes 450 series of drones, one of the most widely used military drones in the world. It has an endurance of over 30 hours and can fly at a maximum altitude of {{convert|30,000|ft|m}}, with a primary mission of reconnaissance, surveillance and communications relay. The Hermes 900 has a wingspan of {{convert|15|m|abbr=on}} and weighs {{convert|970|kg|abbr=on}}, with a payload capability of {{convert|300|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.[4] Payload options include electro-optical/infrared sensors, synthetic-aperture radar/ground-moving target indication, communications and electronic intelligence, electronic warfare, and hyperspectral sensors.[5] Operational historyThe Hermes 900 was first used by Israel during Operation Protective Edge in July 2014. It had been undergoing test flights and wasn't planned for operational deployment until late 2015, but it was introduced during the operation for unique missions that it could perform better than the Hermes 450. A few days after receiving orders to deploy the aircraft, one Kochav was readied for "temporary activity." The Hermes 900's first operational mission took place on July 15, 2014, which was a link in a chain of operations that eventually led to a fighter jet attack that destroyed terrorist infrastructure. Maintenance on the aircraft during the operation was done by Elbit personnel because IAF ground teams had not yet been qualified to perform maintenance on it, and mission stations had Elbit representatives that guided the operators during combat flights. Following the end of the operation, the Hermes 900 returned to integration and flight testing to pass milestones that still needed to be met.[6][7] The Hermes 900 was officially introduced into the IAF's operational lineup on 11 November 2015.[8] Operators
Azerbaijani media reported in August 2017 that Azerbaijan has procured as many as 15 Hermes 900. In May 2018, Azerbaijani president visited a military base to inspect military equipment, released photos from the visit included one Hermes 900.[9]
Elbit Systems has been awarded a contract to supply a Hermes 900 unmanned air system to the Brazilian air force.[10]
In July 2011, Elbit reported the first export sale of its Hermes 900 UAV to the Chilean Air Force. The Chilean choice followed evaluation of two classes of UAVs. At the high end were the Elbit Hermes 900 and IAI Heron. At the lower (tactical) level were Elbit Hermes 450, and Aerostar from Aeronautics Defense Systems.[11] Three Hermes 900 UAVs are operated by the Chilean Air Force. In October 2013, the Chilean Navy began evaluating the Hermes 900 for procurement for maritime patrol tasks.[12]
In August 2012, Elbit won a multi-million-dollar contract to supply a mixed fleet of Hermes 900 and Hermes 450 unmanned air systems to Colombia.[13] In July 2013, the Colombian Air Force confirmed they have one Hermes 900 on order, to be accepted in the coming months.[14]
In September 2018, the Portuguese company Centro de Engenharia e Desenvolvimento was contracted to the European Maritime Safety Agency to provide long-range, long-endurance maritime surveillance services using the Hermes 900.[15][16]
The Israeli air force has equipped its Elbit Systems Hermes 900 unmanned air vehicles with undisclosed specialist payloads, and formally named the type "Kochav" (Star).[17] The UAV made its first operational flight during "Protective Edge" operation in Gaza in July 2014.[18]
In January 2012, Elbit announced it has been awarded a $50 million contract to supply two Hermes 900 systems to an undisclosed customer "in the Americas",[19][20] later revealed to be the Mexican Federal Police.[21][22]
Maxdefense Philippines and Israel Defense reported that aside from the four Hermes 450 UAVs, the Philippine Air Force is also set to acquire three Hermes 900 UAVs, as well as ground control systems, support equipment, mission payload, and Integrated Logistics System (ILS) including training, technical support, and other requirements, as part of Horizon 2 of its modernization program, with delivery expected by 2020.[23][24][25]
In June 2014 Switzerland's procurement agency selected the Hermes 900 to meet the nation's requirement. The design had been in competition with IAI Heron to replace the RUAG Ranger UAV (ADS 95) currently in service with the Swiss Air Force. Six Hermes 900 (ADS 15) will replace the 15 Ruag Rangers by 2019.[26][27]. Specifications{{aircraft specs|ref=Defense Update[28] |prime units?=met |crew=2 on ground |capacity={{convert|350|kg|abbr=on}} payload |length m=8.3 |length ft= |length in= |span m=15 |span ft= |span in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m= |height ft= |height in= |wing area sqm= |wing area sqft= |empty weight kg= |empty weight lb= |gross weight kg=1100 |gross weight lb= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 name=Rotax 914, {{convert|86|kW|HP|abbr=on}} |eng1 type= |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp= |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |max speed kmh= 220 |max speed mph= |cruise speed kmh=112 |cruise speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance=36 hours |ceiling m= |ceiling ft=30000 |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |armament1= }} References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://defense-update.com/features/2009/december/hermes900_first_flight_091209.html|title=Hermes 900 First Flight|publisher=|access-date=2011-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906091557/http://defense-update.com/features/2009/december/hermes900_first_flight_091209.html|archive-date=2017-09-06|dead-url=yes|df=}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=1236|title=Elbit Hermes 900 (Kochav) Medium Altitude, Long Endurance (MALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) - Israel|publisher=}} 3. ^A Star Is Born: A Name Is Chosen For the "Hermes 900" UAV - IAF.org.il, 20 March 2014 4. ^{{cite news|first=Yosi |last=Nissan |coauthors= |script-title=he:חוזה לאלביט מערכות עם משרד הביטחון בהיקף 50 מיליון דולר |publisher=Globes |url=http://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?QUID=1056,U1272834508247&did=1000556518 |accessdate=2010-02-05 |date=2010-02-05 |language=Hebrew |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320005935/http://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?QUID=1056,U1272834508247&did=1000556518 |archivedate=2012-03-20 |df= }} 5. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/israel-hermes-900-training-nears-completion-416973/ Israel Hermes 900 training nears completion] - Flightglobal.com, 21 September 2015 6. ^Israeli Forces Praise Elbit UAVs in Gaza Op - Defensenews.com, 12 August 2014 7. ^The IAF's new UAV: The "Hermes 900" is operational once again - IAF.org.il, 10 November 2015 8. ^[https://www.algemeiner.com/2015/11/11/new-israel-air-force-drones-star-set-to-rise/# New Israel Air Force Drone’s Star Set to Rise] - Algemeiner.com, 11 November 2015 9. ^{{cite web|last1=Jennings|first1=Gareth|title=Azerbaijan shows Hermes 900|url=http://www.janes.com/article/79686/|website=IHS Jane's 360|accessdate=4 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503041153/http://www.janes.com/article/79686/azerbaijan-shows-hermes-900|archivedate=3 May 2018|location=London|date=30 April 2018|deadurl=no}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/brazil-to-boost-world-cup-security-with-unmanned-hermes-397427/|title=Brazil to boost World Cup security with unmanned Hermes 900|date=26 March 2014|publisher=}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/defense/index.jsp?plckController=Blog&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&plckPostId=Blog:27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post:690a1901-2fb1-479d-a71b-d422738cbd41|title=Ares|website=www.aviationweek.com}} 12. ^Chilean navy considers Hermes 900 deal - Flightglobal.com, 7 October 2013 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/elbit-systems-sells-hermes-uavs-to-colombia-375131/|title=Elbit Systems sells Hermes UAVs to Colombia|date=6 August 2012|publisher=}} 14. ^La Fuerza Aérea de Colombia confirma finalmente la recepción de los UAVs Hermes 900 y 450 de Elbit Systems - Infodefensa.com, 24 July 2013 15. ^{{cite magazine |last=Broadbent |first=Mark |title=Coastal UAV selections |magazine=Air International |date=January 2019 |volume=96 |issue=1 |page=32 |issn=0306-5634}} 16. ^{{cite press release |author= |title=EMSA contracts additional RPAS for maritime surveillance, emissions monitoring and pollution response |url=http://www.emsa.europa.eu/news-a-press-centre/press-releases/item/3413-pr-rpas-contracts.html |location= |publisher=European Maritime Safety Agency |agency= |date=29 November 2018 |access-date=2019-03-11}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/hermes-900-stars-for-israel-397382/|title=Hermes 900 stars for Israel|date=25 March 2014|publisher=}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iaf.org.il/4410-42217-en/IAF.aspx|title=The Israeli Air Force : A "Star" In the Sky|website=www.iaf.org.il}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/elbits-hermes-900-wins-new-export-deal-366448/|title=Elbit's Hermes 900 wins new export deal|date=3 January 2012|publisher=}} 20. ^http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=8733179&c=MID&s=TOP {{dead link|date=November 2018}} 21. ^{{cite news | first = Paul | last = McLeary | title = Elbit's Mystery Sale to Latin America | date = March 13, 2012 | url = http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/defense/index.jsp?plckController=Blog&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&plckPostId=Blog%3A27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post%3A4982f0e0-5d66-4eb6-97c1-5dbe7bd65c54 | work = Aviation Week | accessdate = 2012-03-21 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100321164415/http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/defense/index.jsp?plckController=Blog | archive-date = 2010-03-21 | dead-url = yes | df = }} 22. ^Secretaria de Hacienda y Credito Publico - Mexico. Clave de Cartera: 1136C000004; numero de solicitud: 33955; Nombre: "Adquisición de aviones no tripulados, segmento de tierra y cargas útiles adicionales para la Policía Federal." 23. ^http://maxdefense.blogspot.com/2017/08/philippine-air-force-to-procure-elbits.html 24. ^https://www.israeldefense.co.il/en/node/35400 25. ^https://maxdefense.blogspot.com/p/the-elbit-hermes-900.html 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/switzerland-selects-hermes-900-as-ranger-replacement-400129/|title=Switzerland selects Hermes 900 as Ranger replacement|date=5 June 2014|publisher=}} 27. ^ADS 15 - Aufklärungsdrohnensysteme 15 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191129/http://www.lw.admin.ch/internet/luftwaffe/de/home/dokumentation/assets/beschaffungen_vorhaben/ads15.html |date=2016-03-03 }} 28. ^{{cite web |title=First Flight of the Elbit Systems Hermes 900 UAV |url=https://defense-update.com/features/2009/december/hermes900_first_flight_091209.html |website=Defense Update |accessdate=23 November 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906091557/https://defense-update.com/features/2009/december/hermes900_first_flight_091209.html |archivedate=6 September 2017}} External links{{commons category|Elbit Hermes 900}}
3 : Elbit unmanned aerial vehicles|Israeli military reconnaissance aircraft 2010–2019|V-tail aircraft |
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