| 词条 | Ellobiidae |
| 释义 |
| image = Kuriirokomimi0903-1.jpg | image_caption = A live but retracted individual of Laemodonta siamensis on a human hand. A partially torn epiphragm of dried mucus is visible in the aperture of the shell | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Mollusca | classis = Gastropoda | unranked_superfamilia = clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Panpulmonata clade Eupulmonata | superfamilia = Ellobioidea | superfamilia_authority = Pfeiffer, 1854 | familia = Ellobiidae | familia_authority = Pfeiffer, 1854 | synonyms_ref= [1] | synonyms = Melampidae Stimpson, 1851 | diversity_ref = [2] | diversity_link = Diversity of gastropods | diversity = about 250 valid specific names }}Ellobiidae, common name the hollow-shelled snails, is a family of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Eupulmonata.[1] Ellobiidae is the only family in the superfamily Ellobioidea, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).[2] AnatomyIn this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 16 and 20 (according to the values in this table).[3] They have a distinctive mode of locomotion arising due to a split sole. The front part of the sole adheres to the substrate and then the rear part of the sole is drawn up to the front part.[4] TaxonomySpecies are traditionally classified into five taxonomic groups, the Pythiidae, the Laemodontidae, the Melampodidae, the Ellobiidae and the Carychiidae.[2] These taxa have been recognized either as families within Ellobioidea or as sub-families within the family Ellobiidae.[2] The family Ellobiidae consists of the following subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):[2]
The high degree of homoplasy in morphological characters and frequent low variability has led to the description of approximately 800 species names available in the literature, of which 250 are likely to be valid.[2] A molecular study by Dayrat at al. (2011)[5] for the Ellobioidea suggests a monophyletic origin of the entire group.[2] GeneraGenera within the family Ellobiidae include: subfamily Ellobiinae
subfamily Carychiinae
subfamily Melampinae
subfamily Pedipedinae
subfamily Pythiinae
† subfamily Zaptychiinae
subfamily ?
Genus Sarnia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 (temporary name, Sarnia [H. & A. Adams, 1855 (September), The Genera of Recent Mollusca, 2: 239] is an incorrect subsequent spelling of Siona H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 which is a junior homonym of Siona Duponchel, 1829 [Lepidoptera].) EcologyThe taxon Ellobioidea comprises a group of morphologically and ecologically highly diverse snails, known to have successfully invaded the marine, brackish water and terrestrial habitats.[2] These are mostly snails that live in salt marshes and similar maritime habitats, and thus have a tolerance for saline conditions. ReferencesThis article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from the reference[6] 1. ^1 Bouchet, P. (2012). Ellobiidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=198 on 2012-08-19 2. ^1 {{Bouchet 2005}} 3. ^Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): [https://books.google.com/books?id=WlvX-9Wt0toC&hl The biology of terrestrial molluscs]. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, {{ISBN|0-85199-318-4}}. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142. 4. ^{{cite book|last=Herbert,dai and|first=Kilburn, Dick|title=Field Guide to the Land Snails and Slugs of Eastern South Africa|year=2004|publisher=Natal Museum|location=Scottsville, South Africa|isbn=0-620-32415-5|page=98}} 5. ^Dayrat B., Conrad M., Balayan S., White T. R., Albrecht C., Golding R., Gomes S., Harasewych M. G., de Frias Martins A. M. (2011). "Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of pulmonate gastropods (Mollusca): new insights from increased taxon sampling". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59: 425-437. {{doi|10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.014}}. 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Weigand A. M., Jochum A., Slapnik R., Schnitzler J., Zarza E. & Klussmann-Kolb A. (2013). "Evolution of microgastropods (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae): integrating taxonomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary hypotheses". BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 18. {{doi|10.1186/1471-2148-13-18}}. External links{{Commons category|Ellobiidae}}{{Wikispecies|Ellobiidae}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q129785}} 1 : Ellobiidae |
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