| 词条 | Emily Rayfield |
| 释义 |
| name = Emily Rayfield | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = Northallerton | death_date = | death_place = | residence = England {{flagicon|England}} | nationality = British {{flagicon|UK}} | field = Palaeontology | work_institution = University of Bristol | alma_mater = Cambridge University | doctoral_advisor = David B. Norman | doctoral_students = | known_for = | prizes = {{unbulleted list| | Hodson Fund of the Palaeontological Association | Lyell Fund of the Geological Society of London | President, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 2018-2020}} | footnotes = }}{{Unclear date|date=October 2008}}Emily Rayfield is a British palaeontologist, who is a Professor in Palaeobiology in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol.[1] Her research primarily focuses on the functional anatomy of extinct vertebrates, especially dinosaurs, using computational methods such as finite element analysis (FEA). In the landmark paper Rayfield et al. (2001),[2] the skull of the theropod dinosaur Allosaurus was analysed using FEA in order to quantitatively assess different feeding hypotheses. This paper was the first use of FEA on a three-dimensional structure in palaeontology (in collaboration with CT scanning), and spurred the current trend of CT-scanned skull FEA on feeding biomechanics in zoology and palaeontology.[3] In addition, she helped elucidate the cranial biomechanics of the noted carnivorous dinosaur Tyrannosaurus using two-dimensional FEA.[4] This study was expanded upon in a comparative finite element analysis of 2D theropod skulls (namely Allosaurus Coelophysis and Tyrannosaurus), in order to quantitately compare cranial biomechanics.[5] Prof. Rayfield is currently president of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology and was recently awarded the President's Medal from the Palaeontological Association. References1. ^Dr Emily Rayfield: Earth Sciences: University of Bristol {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rayfield, Emily}}{{UK-scientist-stub}}{{paleontologist-stub}}2. ^Rayfield, E. J., Norman, D. B., Horner, C. C., Horner, J. R., Smith, P. M., Thomason, J. J. and Upchurch, P. 2001. Cranial design and function in a large theropod dinosaur. Nature 409: 1033-1037. 3. ^Rayfield, E. J. 2007. Finite element analysis in vertebrate morphology. Annual Reviews in Earth and Planetary Sciences 35: 541–576. 4. ^Rayfield, E. J. 2004. Cranial mechanics and feeding in Tyrannosaurus rex. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 271: 1451-1459. 5. ^Rayfield, E. J. 2005. Aspects of comparative cranial mechanics in the theropod dinosaurs Coelophysis, Allosaurus and Tyrannosaurus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144 (3): 309–316. 5 : English palaeontologists|Academics of the University of Bristol|Living people|British palaeontologists|Year of birth missing (living people) |
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