| 词条 | Enforcer (ship design) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Enforcer is a ship design jointly developed by the Royal Netherlands Navy and the Spanish Navy.[1][2] Development began in the 1980s, when the Royal Netherlands Navy began investigating ways to provide an amphibious transport capability.[3] In 1994, preliminary design work began.[3] The Spanish government proposed in 1990 to collaborate on the design.[3] A Memorandum of Understanding was signed in June 1992.[3] Development of the base design occurred during 1993, after which the navies turned local companies for further design work and construction: Royal Schelde in the Netherlands, and Bazán (which became Navantia in 2005) in Spain.[3] Royal Schelde completed one ship to the Rotterdam class, with {{HNLMS|Rotterdam|L800|6}} constructed between 1995 and 1998.[3] A second ship, {{HNLMS|Johan de Witt|L801|6}}, was laid down in 2003 and commissioned in 2007.[4] Bazan/Navantia completed two ships to the Galicia-class design. The Enforcer design also served as the basis of the British Bay-class landing ships.[5] Four vessels were built for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary by two shipyards between 2002 and 2007, with one sold in 2011 to the Royal Australian Navy.[5] After building Rotterdam, Royal Schelde developed the "Enforcer Family": four variants of the Enforcer design intended for export sale.[3] Increased modularity, less powerful propulsion systems, and increased use of commercial construction standards allowed the company to offer the export variants at lower prices.[3] The Enforcer design was considered a contender for the Indian Navy Multi-Role Support Vessel programme.[6] Ships based on Enforcer designHere is a list of ships that are based on the Enforcer design.
References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.sfu.ca/casr/mp-sealift-rotterdam.htm |title=Sealift: Rotterdam/Galicia (Enforcer) Class LPD |publisher=Canadian American Strategic Review |accessdate=5 August 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226135956/http://www.sfu.ca/casr/mp-sealift-rotterdam.htm |archivedate=26 December 2007}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.sfu.ca/casr/bg-sealift-rotterdam.htm |title=Sealifter Comparisons — Rotterdam Class LPD |publisher=Canadian American Strategic Review |accessdate=5 August 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125175613/http://www.sfu.ca/casr/bg-sealift-rotterdam.htm |archivedate=25 January 2008}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news|url=http://www.amiinter.com/samples/netherlands/NL3301.html |title=Netherlands - Rotterdam Class Landing Platform, Dock (LPD) |publisher=AMI International |author= |date=October 2001 |accessdate=5 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729083944/http://www.amiinter.com/samples/netherlands/NL3301.html |archivedate=29 July 2012 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite book |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems |editor=Wertheim, Eric |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, MD |date=2007 |edition=15th |isbn=9781591149552 |oclc=140283156 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TJunjRvplU4C |page=495}} 5. ^1 {{cite book |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009 |last=Saunders |first=Stephen (ed.) |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Surrey |year=2008 |edition=111th |series=Jane's Fighting Ships |isbn=978-0-7106-2845-9 |oclc=225431774 |page=876}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=Multi-Role Support Ship (MRSS) |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/l-mrss.htm |accessdate=12 September 2015 |work=Global Security}} 1 : Amphibious warfare vessels |
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