| 词条 | Eng Sérgio Motta Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Engineer Sérgio Motta (Porto Primavera) Dam | image = Port Primavera(Sergio) Dam 1987.jpg | image_caption = NASA image of dam before (1987) and after (2000) completion. | name_official = Sérgio Motta Hydroelectric Power Plant | dam_crosses = Paraná River | location = Rosana, São Paulo, Brazil | dam_type = Embankment, concrete portion | dam_length = {{Convert|11380|m|abbr=on}} | dam_height = {{Convert|22|m|abbr=on}} | dam_width_base = | dam_width_crest = | dam_volume = | spillway_type = Service, gate-controlled | spillway_capacity = | construction_began = 1980 | opening = 1999 | cost = $9 billion USD | owner = CESP | res_name = Sérgio Motta Reservoir | res_capacity_total = {{Convert|19.9|km3|acre.ft|abbr=on}}[1] | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{Convert|2250|km2|abbr=on}} | res_max_depth = | plant_operator = | plant_turbines = 14 x {{convert|110|MW|abbr=on}} Kaplan turbines | plant_capacity = {{convert|1540|MW|abbr=on}} | plant_annual_gen = {{convert|10.5|TWh|abbr=on}}[2] | plant_type = C | plant_commission = 1999–2003 | plant_decommission = | location_map = Brazil | location_map_caption = | location_map_size = | coordinates = {{coord|22|28|31|S|52|57|30|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | website = | extra = }} The Engineer Sérgio Motta Dam, formerly known as the Porto Primavera Dam, is an embankment dam on the Paraná River near Rosana in São Paulo, Brazil. It was constructed between 1980 and 1999 for hydroelectric power production, flood control and navigation. TechnicalThe dam is named for Sergio Roberto Vieira da Motta, a prominent industrial engineer in São Paulo. At {{Convert|11.38|km}} in length, it is the longest dam in Brazil.[3][4] The {{Convert|22|m}} tall dam creates a reservoir with a {{Convert|19.9|km3|acre.ft}} capacity and surface area of {{Convert|2250|km2}}. The dam supports hydroelectric power plant on its southern end with an installed capacity of {{convert|1540|MW}}. The power plant contains 14 x {{convert|110|MW}} Kaplan turbine generators. Although there are no plans to install them, the power plant has room to accommodate an additional four generators.[4] The dam also supports a {{Convert|210|m|adj=on}} long and {{Convert|17|m||adj=on}} wide navigation lock on its southern end with the ability to transport 27 million tons a year.[5] HistoryConstruction on the dam began in 1980 and the first filling of the reservoir to {{Convert|253|m}} above sea level was complete by 1998. It was inaugurated in 1999 with the first three generators commissioned in March. In 2000, five more generators came online and by 2001, a total of ten were in operation. The second filling to {{Convert|257|m}} above sea level was complete in March 2001 and by October 2003, all 14 generators were in operation.[6][7] The dam flooded {{convert|13,227|ha}} of the Lagoa São Paulo Reserve and {{convert|3,211|ha}} of the Great Pontal Reserve.{{sfn|PES do Rio do Peixe – ISA|loc=Historico Juridico}} In compensation, the Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP) created the {{convert|73,345|ha}} Rio Ivinhema State Park, the {{convert|7720|ha}} Rio do Peixe State Park, the {{convert|9043|ha}} Aguapeí State Park and the {{convert|6262|ha}} Cisalpina Private Natural Heritage Reserve.{{sfn|Unidades de Conservação – CSEP}} In 2005, an infestation of Hydrilla verticillata was discovered in the reservoir, the first time the invasive weed was discovered in Brazil. The dam has also had negative effects on downstream fish reproduction[8] and has a {{Convert|520|m|adj=on}} long fish ladder.[9] See also{{stack|{{Portal|Brazil|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^{{cite web|last=Pompêo|first=Marcelo|title=Major Brazilian Dams|url=http://www.ib.usp.br/limnologia/Represa/Maioresrepresas.htm|publisher=Ciudad Universitaria, São Paulo|accessdate=13 September 2010|year=2004}} 2. ^{{cite journal|publisher=CESP - Companhia Energética de São Paulo|title=RELATÓRIO ANUAL DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO - 2011 |journal=Energética de São Paulo, CNPJ 60.933.603/0001-78 - Companhia Aberta|url=http://empresaspublicas.imprensaoficial.com.br/balancos/cesp/cesp2012.pdf |language=Portuguese }} 3. ^{{cite web |title=CESP complete 1,000 days without accidents in Porto Primavera |url=http://www.acionista.com.br/home/cesp/050209_sem_acidentes.htm |publisher=CESP |accessdate=13 September 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821124034/http://www.acionista.com.br/home/cesp/050209_sem_acidentes.htm |archivedate=21 August 2010 |df= }} 4. ^1 {{cite web |title=Hydroelectric Plants in Brazil - São Paulo |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-brazil-sp.htm |publisher=IndustCards |accessdate=13 September 2010}} 5. ^{{cite web |title=Hydropower Completed |url=http://www.dee.feis.unesp.br/museu/cpenergia/paineis/Painel_4_hidroeletricas_construidas.pdf |publisher=SAO PAULO STATE UNIVERSITY |accessdate=13 September 2010}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Porto Primavera Hydroelectric Plant |url=http://www.cesp.com.br/portalCesp/portal.nsf/V03.02/Empresa_UsinaPorto|publisher=CESP |accessdate=13 September 2010}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=CESP - Pre Privatisation|url=http://www.cesp.com.br/portalCesp/portal.nsf/V03.02/Empresa_Historia?OpenDocument |publisher=CESP|accessdate=13 September 2010}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Porto Primavera Reservoir, Brazil|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=8696|publisher=NASA|accessdate=13 September 2010}} 9. ^{{cite web|last=Makrakis|first=Sérgio|title=Utilization of the fish ladder at the Engenheiro Sergio Motta Dam, Brazil, by long distance migrating potamodromous species|url=http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ni/v5n2/v05n2a14.pdf|publisher=Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia|accessdate=13 September 2010|year=2007}} Sources{{refbegin|}}
|last=|first=|title=PES do Rio do Peixe|publisher=ISA: Instituto Socioambiental |url=https://uc.socioambiental.org/uc/593465|volume=|pages=|accessdate=2016-11-12}}
|last=|first=|title=Unidades de Conservação|publisher=CESP: Companhia Energética de São Paulo |url=http://www.cesp.com.br/portalCesp/portal.nsf/V03.02/MeioAmbiente_Conservacao_Texto?OpenDocument|volume=|pages=|accessdate=2016-11-13}}{{refend}}{{Paraná River dams}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Eng Sergio Motta Dam}} 9 : Dams completed in 1999|Energy infrastructure completed in 1999|Energy infrastructure completed in 2000|Energy infrastructure completed in 2001|Dams in São Paulo (state)|Hydroelectric power stations in Brazil|Embankment dams|Dams on the Paraná River|Locks of Brazil |
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