“Enoch Seminar”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Enoch Seminar is an academic group of international specialists in Second Temple Judaism and the origins of Christianity who share information about their work in the field and biennially meet to discuss topics of common interest.^[1] Supported by the Department of Near Eastern Studies of the University of Michigan^[2] and the Michigan Center for Early Christian Studies,^[3] the group gathers about 200 university professors from more than fifteen countries.

The Enoch Seminar focuses on the period of Jewish history, culture and literature from the Babylonian Exile (6th century BC) to the Bar-Kochba revolt (2nd century AD) —the period in which both Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism have their roots. It is a neutral forum where scholars who are specialized in different sub-fields (OT Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha, Dead Sea Scrolls, Josephus, Philo, New Testament) and are committed to different methodologies, have the opportunity to meet, talk and listen to one another without being bound to adhere to any sort of preliminary agreement or reach any sort of preordained consensus.

The Enoch Seminar was founded in 2000 by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan), who has chaired it ever since. Boccaccini is professor of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins at the University of Michigan (USA) and was Editor-in-Chief of the Journal Henoch from 2005 to 2012. Vice-Directors from 2000 to 2011 were the late Hanan Eshel (Bar-Ilan University, Israel) and Loren Stuckenbruck (University of Durham, UK).

The current Board of Directors of the Enoch Seminar includes: Gabriele Boccaccini (chair), Kelley Coblentz Bautch (St. Edwards University, USA), Esther Eshel (Bar-Ilan University, Israel), Matthias Henze (Rice University, USA), Pierluigi Piovanelli (University of Ottawa, Canada), Carlos A. Segovia (Camilo José Cela University, Spain), and Loren T. Stuckenbruck (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany).

Participation at the meetings of the Enoch Seminar is by invitation only and is restricted to University professors and specialists in Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins who have completed their PhD. Papers circulate in advance among the participants and the entire time at the meetings is devoted to discussion in plenary sessions or small groups. Since 2006, to graduate students, PhD candidates and post-doctorate fellows, the Enoch Seminar has offered a separate biennial conference (the Enoch Graduate Seminar).

Veterans and leaders of the Enoch Seminar are Daniel Assefa (Ethiopia), Albert Baumgarten (Israel), Kelley Coblentz Bautch (USA), Andreas Bedenbender (Germany), Gabriele Boccaccini (USA), Daniel Boyarin (USA), James H. Charlesworth (USA), Sabino Chialà (Italy), John J. Collins (USA), Michael Daise (USA), Marcello Del Verme (Italy), Torleif Elgvin (Norway), Yaron Eliav (USA), Esther and Hanan Eshel (Israel), Florentino García Martínez (Belgium), Ida Fröhlich (Hungary), Claudio Gianotto (Italy), Charles A. Gieschen (USA), Lester L. Grabbe (England), Ithamar Gruenwald (Israel), Matthias Henze (USA), Martha Himmelfarb (USA), Michael Knibb (England), Klaus Koch (Germany), Robert A. Kraft (USA), Helge Kvanvig (Norway), Erik Larson (USA), Luca Mazzinghi (Italy), Hindy Najman (Canada), George W.E. Nickelsburg (USA), Andrei Orlov (USA), Pierluigi Piovanelli (Canada), Annette Yoshiko Reed (USA), Jacques van Ruiten (the Netherlands), Paolo Sacchi (Italy), Lawrence Schiffman (USA), Loren Stuckenbruck (Germany), Shemaryahu Talmon (Israel), Eibert Tigchelaar (USA), David Suter (USA), James Vanderkam (USA), Pieter Venter (South Africa), Ralph Williams (USA), Benjamin Wright (USA), and Adela Yarbro Collins (USA). Secretary of the group is J. Harold Ellens (USA).

The Enoch Seminar website, edited by Pierpaolo Bertalotto (PhD University of Bari, Italy), provides not only detailed information about the meetings of the Enoch Seminar (and of the Enoch Graduate Seminar) but also a general picture of the status of studies in Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins and of the history of research in the field.

Meetings

First Enoch Seminar (Florence 2001): “The Origins of Enochic Judaism”

The First Enoch Seminar was held in Florence, Italy (19–23 June 2001) at the Villa Corsi-Salviati of the University of Michigan at Sesto Fiorentino.^[4]

The conference was organized by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan, USA) in consultation with the other founding members of the Enoch Seminar. It explored the role of the early Enoch literature in the time prior to the Maccabean revolt and probed the hypothesis of the existence of “Enochic Judaism” as a distinctive form of Judaism in the early Second Temple period.^[5]

J. Harold Ellens, James Waddell, and Adam Chalom of the University of Michigan served as secretaries of the conference.

Second Enoch Seminar (Venice 2003): “Enoch and Qumran Origins”

The second Enoch Seminar was held in Venice, Italy (1–4 July 2003) at Palazzo Sullam.^[7]

The conference was organized by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan, USA), in consultation with the other senior members of the Enoch Seminar. It focused on the role played by the Enoch literature in shaping the ideology and the practice of the Essene movement and the Qumran community.^[8]

J. Harold Ellens, James Waddell, Ronald Ruark, Jason von Ehrenkrook, and Aaron Brunell of the University of Michigan served as secretaries of the Conference.

The Proceeding were published in 2005 by Eerdmans.^[9] An additional volume on the early Enoch literature was planned and published in 2007 by Brill Publishers.^[10]

Third Enoch Seminar (Camaldoli 2005): “Enoch and the Messiah Son of Man: Revisiting the Book of Parables”

The Third Enoch Seminar was held at Camaldoli, Italy (6–10 June 2005) at the Foresteria of the Camaldoli Monastery.^[13]

The conference was organized by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan, USA) in consultation with the other senior members of the Enoch Seminar. It focused on the ideology and date of the Parables of Enoch as a Second Jewish document and on its message about the coming of the heavenly messiah "Son of Man."^[14]

J. Harold Ellens, James Waddell, Ronald Ruark, Jason von Ehrenkrook, Aaron Brunell, and Justin Winger of the University of Michigan served as secretaries of the Conference.

Fourth Enoch Seminar (Camaldoli-Ravenna 2007): “Enoch and the Mosaic Torah: The Evidence of Jubilees”

The Fourth Enoch Seminar was held at Camaldoli, Italy (8–12 July 2007) at the Foresteria of the Camaldoli Monastery, with a final meeting in Ravenna hosted by the University of Bologna (Ravenna Campus).

The Conference was organized by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan, USA) in consultation with the other senior members of the Enoch Seminar. It focused on the interaction between Mosaic and Enochic traditions in Second Temple Judaism and on the synthesis between them in the Book of Jubilees.

J. Harold Ellens, Todd Hanneken (University of Notre Dame), and Isaac Oliver (University of Michigan) served as secretaries of the Conference.

The Proceedings were published in 2009 by Eerdmans^[16] and by the Journal Henoch.^[17]

Fifth Enoch Seminar (Naples 2009): “Enoch, Adam, Melchisedek: Mediatorial Figures in 2 Enoch and Second Temple Judaism”

The Fifth Enoch Seminar was held in Naples, Italy (14–18 June 2009) at the Istituto Cangiani.

The meeting was organized by Andrei A. Orlov (University of Marquette, USA), in consultation with the Chair of the Enoch Seminar, Gabriele Boccaccini, and the other senior members of the group. It focused on the relationship between the characters of Enoch, Adam, and Melchisedek as mediatorial figures in Second Temple Judaism, with special emphasis on the Second Book of Enoch.

Anne Kreps, Isaac Oliver, James Waddell, and Jason Zurawski (University of Michigan) served as secretaries of the Conference.

Sixth Enoch Seminar in memory of Hanan Eshel (Milan 2011): “2 Baruch, 4 Ezra: Late First-Century Apocalypticism”

The Sixth Enoch Seminar was held in Gazzada, near Milan, Italy (26 June - 1 July 2011) at Villa Cagnola.

The meeting was organized by Matthias Henze (Rice University, Houston, TX, USA), in consultation with the Chair of the Enoch Seminar, Gabriele Boccaccini, and the other senior members of the group. It focused on 1st-century Jewish Apocalypticism, with particular reference to 2 Baruch and 4 Ezra. A session was held at the Ambrosiana Library where the only extant manuscript of 2 Baruch is preserved.

Jason Zurawski, Isaac Oliver, Deborah Forger, and Rodney Caruthers (University of Michigan) served as secretaries of the Conference.

The Proceedings of the Conference was published in 2014 by Brill. An additional volume containing the short papers presented at the conference was published by T&T Clark.

Seventh Enoch Seminar (Camaldoli 2013): “Enochic Influences on the Synoptic Gospels”

The Seventh Enoch Seminar was held at Camaldoli, Italy (21-26 July 2013) at the Foresteria of the Monastery of Camaldoli.

The meeting was organized by Loren Stuckenbruck (University of Munich, Germany), in consultation with the Chair of the Enoch Seminar, Gabriele Boccaccini, and the other senior members of the group. It focused on the influences of Enochic literature and traditions on the Synoptic Gospels, including and beyond the issue of the Son of Man.

Eighth Enoch Seminar (Milan 2015): “Apocalypticism and Mysticism”

The Eighth Enoch Seminar was held at Gazzada, near Milan, Italy (21-26 July 2015) at Villa Cagnola.

The meeting was organized by Daniel Boyarin (University of California Berkeley) and Lorenzo DiTommaso (Concordia University Montreal), in consultation with the Chair of the Enoch Seminar, Gabriele Boccaccini, and the other senior members of the group. It focused on the relationship between Second Temple apocalypticism and early Jewish and Christian mysticism.

Ninth Enoch Seminar (Camaldoli 2017): “From tôrāh to Torah: Variegated Notions of Torah from the First Temple Period to Late Antiquity”

The Ninth Enoch Seminar was held at Camaldoli, Italy (18–23 June 2017) at the Foresteria of the Camaldoli Monastery.

The meeting was organized by William M. Schniedewind (University of California at Los Angeles) and Jason M. Zurawski (University of Groningen), in collaboration with the Director of the Enoch Seminar, Gabriele Boccaccini. It focused on the diverse understandings of tôrāh, beginning with the Jewish Bible and up through the Second Temple period and into Late Antiquity.

The Enoch Graduate Seminar

In 2006 a series of biennial seminars specifically designated for international PhD candidates in the field of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins was launched by the Enoch Seminar. The Institutions that hosted the event include:

The Nangeroni Meetings

In 2012 the Enoch Seminar launched a new series of small-size international seminars, in collaboration with the Alessandro Nangeroni International Endowment and the Michigan Center for Early Christian Studies.

References

1. ^See G. Boccaccini, "The Contemporary Renaissance of Enoch Studies, and the Enoch Seminar," in [https://www.amazon.com/dp/9004161546 The Early Enoch Literature, ed. G. Boccaccini and J.J. Collins (Leiden: Brill, 2007)], pp. vii-x. {{ISBN|90-04-16154-6}}
2. ^The Enoch Seminar is part of the activities of the "Judaism and Christianity in the Greco-Roman World (JCGRW)]" Program of the Department of Near Eastern Studies of the University of Michigan; see the JCGRW website.
3. ^The Michigan Center for Early Christian Studies (MCECS) is a registered non-profit corporation of the State of Michigan, which promotes the advancement and diffusion of knowledge in the academic field of Early Christian Studies at the University of Michigan and throughout the state and specifically lists among its goals, "to support the international activities of the Enoch Seminar..., which brings scholars from around the world to discuss topics relative to Early Christianity;" see MCECS website.
4. ^See G. Boccaccini, "The Rediscovery of Enochic Judaism and the Enoch Seminar," in The Origins of Enochic Judaism, ed. G. Boccaccini (Turin: Zamorani, 2002), pp. 9-13. {{ISBN|88-7158-107-5}}
5. ^See J.J. Collins, "How Distinctive Was Enochic Judaism?," in Meghillot: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls V-VI. A Festschrift for Devorah Dimant, ed. M. Bar Asher and E. Tov. (Haifa/Jerusalem: University of Haifa/Bialik Institute, 2007), pp. 17-34; G. Macaskill, "Priestly Purity, Mosaic Torah and the Emergence of Enochic Judaism," Henoch 29.1 (2007), pp. 67-89; and J.H. Charlesworth, "A Rare Consensus Among Enoch Specialists: The Date of the Earliest Enoch Book," in The Origins of Enochic Judaism, ed. G. Boccaccini (Turin: Zamorani, 2002), pp. 225-234 {{ISBN|88-7158-107-5}}.
6. ^G. Boccaccini (ed.), The Origins of Enochic Judaism (Turin: Zamorani, 2002 = Henoch 24.1-2, 2002), with articles by Randal A. Argall, Andreas Bedenbender, Gabriele Boccaccini, James H. Charlesworth, John J. Collins, J. Harold Ellens, Mark Elliott, Esther Eshel, Hanan Eshel, Florentino García Martínez, Ithamar Gruenwald, Martha Himmelfarb, Michael A. Knibb, Helge S. Kvanvig, Luca Mazzinghi, Pierluigi Piovanelli, Paolo Sacchi, Brian Schmidt, Loren T, Stuckenbruck, David W. Suter, Eibert J.C. Tigchelaar, Benjamin G. Wright, and Adela Yarbro Collins. {{ISBN|88-7158-107-5}}
7. ^G. Boccaccini, "From the Enoch Literature to Enochic Judaism," in [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0802828787 Enoch and Qumran Origins, ed. G. Boccaccini (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005)], pp. 1-14. {{ISBN|0-8028-2878-7}}
8. ^See J.H. Charlesworth, "The Books of Enoch or 1 Enoch Matters: New Paradigms for Understanding Pre-Seventy Judaism," in [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0802828787 Enoch and Qumran Origins, ed. G. Boccaccini (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005)], pp. 436-454; J.J. Collins, "Enochic Judaism and the Sect of the Dead Sea Scrolls," in [https://www.amazon.com/dp/9004161546 The Early Enoch Literature, ed. G. Boccaccini and J.J. Collins (Leiden: Brill, 2007)], pp. 283-299; G. Boccaccini, "Enochians, Urban Essenes, Qumranites: Tree Social Groups, One Intellectual Movement," [https://www.amazon.com/dp/9004161546 ibidem], pp. 301-327; [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0826470890 D.R. Jackson, Enochic Judaism: Three Defining Paradigm Exemplars (London: T&T Clark International, 2004)]; P. Sacchi, Regola della Comunità (Brescia: Paideia, 2006); and [https://www.amazon.com/dp/3110193329 E. Regev, Sectarianism in Qumran: A Cross-Cultural Perspective (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2007)]
9. ^[https://www.amazon.com/dp/0802828787 G. Boccaccini (ed.), Enoch and Qumran Origins: New Light on a Forgotten Connection (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005)], with articles by William Adler, Matthias Albani, Jeff S. Anderson, Andreas Bedenbender, Stefan Beyerle, Gabriele Boccaccini, James H. Charlesworth, John J. Collins, Michael A. Daise, James R. Davila, Torleif Elgvin, Mark A. Elliott, Hanan Eshel, Peter W. Flint, Ida Fröhlich, Florentino García Martínez, Claudio Gianotto, Lester L. Grabbe, Ithamar Gruenwald, Charlotte Hempel, Matthias Henze, Martha Himmelfarb, Michael A. Knibb, Klaus Koch, Helge S. Kvanvig, Armin Lange, Erik W. Larson, Timothy H. Lim, Corrado Martone, George W.E. Nickelsburg, Pierluigi Piovanelli, Emile Puech, Annette Yoshiko Reed, John C. Reeves, Henry W. Morisada Rietz, Paolo Sacchi, Lawrence H. Schiffman, Loren T., Stuckenbruck, David W. Suter, Shemaryahu Talmon, Eibert J.C. Tigchelaar, Patrick Tiller, Liliana Rosso Ubigli, James C. VanderKam, Jacques van Ruiten, and Benjamin G. Wright. {{ISBN|0-8028-2878-7}}
10. ^[https://www.amazon.com/dp/9004161546 G. Boccaccini and J.J. Collins (eds.), The Early Enoch Literature (Leiden: Brill 2007)], with articles by Andreas Bedenbender, Gabriele Boccaccini, John J.Collins, Florentino García Martínez, Martha Himmelfarb, Michael A. Knibb, Klaus Koch, Helge S. Kvanvig, George W.E. Nickelsburg, Pierluigi Piovanelli, Paolo Sacchi, Loren T. Stuckenbruck, David W. Suter, Eibert Tigchelaar, Patrick Tiller, James Waddell, and Benjamin G. Wright. {{ISBN|978-90-04-16154-2}}
11. ^See G. Boccaccini, "Biblia e l'Enoch Seminar a Venezia: un felice connubio," in Il Messia tra memoria e attesa, ed. G. Boccaccini (Brescia: Morcelliana, 2005), pp. 7-11.
12. ^See G. Boccaccini (ed.), Il messia tra memoria e attesa (Brescia: Morcelliana, 2005), with articles by Gabriele Boccaccini, Sergio Caruso, John J. Collins, James H. Charlesworth, Paolo De Benedetti, Rinaldo Fabris, Florentino Garcia Martinez, Ithamas Gruenwald, Amos Luzzatto, Bruno Maggioni, Corrado Martone, Paolo Sacchi, Lawrence Schiffman, and James VanderKam.
13. ^G. Boccaccini, "The Enoch Seminar at Camaldoli: Re-Entering the Parables of Enoch in the Study of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins," in [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0802803776 Enoch and the Messiah Son of Man: Rivisiting the Parables of Enoch, ed. G. Boccaccini (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2007)], pp. 3-16.
14. ^P. Sacchi, "The 2005 Camaldoli Seminar on the Parables of Enoch: Summary and Prospect for Furutre Research," in [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0802803776 Enoch and the Messiah Son of Man: Revisiting the Parables of Enoch, ed. G. Boccaccini (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2007)], pp. 499-512.
15. ^[https://www.amazon.com/dp/0802803776 G. Boccaccini (ed.), Enoch and the Messiah Son of Man: Revisiting the Book of Parables (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2007)], with articles by William Adler, Luca Arcari, Kelley Coblentz Bautch, Jonathan Ben-Dov, Gabriele Boccaccini, Daniel Boyarin, James H. Charlesworth, Sabino Chialà, John J. Collins, Jason von Ehrenkrook, Hanan Eshel, Ida Fröhlich, Charles A. Gieschen, Lester L. Grabbe, Darrell D. Hannah, Matthias Henze, Michael A. Knibb, Klaus Koch, Helge S. Kvanvig, George W.E. Nickelsburg, Gerbern Oegema, Daniel C. Olson, Andrei A. Orlov, Pierluigi Piovanelli, Paolo Sacchi, Loren T, Stuckenbruck, David W. Suter, Michael E. Stone, Eibert J.C. Tigchelaar, James C. VanderKam, Pieter M. Venter, Leslie W. Walck, Benjamin G. Wright, and Adela Yarbro Collins. {{ISBN|978-0-8028-0377-1}}
16. ^G. Boccaccini and G. Ibba (eds.), Enoch and the Mosaic Torah: The Evidence of Jubilees (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2009), with articles by Betsy Halpern Amaru, Kelley Coblentz Bautch, Jonathan Ben-Dov, John Bergsma, Lutz Doering, John Endres, Esther Eshel, William Gilders, Lester L. Grabbe, Matthias Henze, Martha Himmelfarb, David Jackson, Helge Kvanvig, Erik Larson, Hindy Najman, Andrei A. Orlov, Annette Yoshiko Reed, Eyal Regev, Jacques van Ruiten, Lawrence H. Schiffman, James Scott, Michael Segal, Aharon Shemesh, Loren T. Stuckenbruck, David Suter, James C. VanderKam, and Benjamin Wright.
17. ^See P. Bertalotto and T. Hanneken (eds.), "Short Papers on Enoch and Jubilees presented at the Fourth Enoch Seminar," Henoch 31.1 (2009), with articles by Christoph Berner, Siam Bhayro, Gianantonio Borgonvo, Daniel K. Falk, William Loader, Bilhah Nitzan, Stephane Saulnier, Daniel Thomas, and Cristiana Tretti, Andreas Bedenbender, Calum Carmichael, Karoly Dobos, Henryk Drwanel, Maxine Grossman, Jamal Hopkins, Giovanni Ibba, Dorothy Peteres, and Stephen Pfann
18. ^Andrei A. Orlov, G. Boccaccini and J. Zurawski (eds.), New Perspectives on 2 Enoch: No Longer Slavonic Only (Leiden: Brill, 2012)