| 词条 | Internal thoracic artery | ||
| 释义 |
| Name = Internal thoracic artery | Latin = Arteria thoracica interna, arteria mammaria interna | Image2 = Gray522.png | Caption2 = Right internal thoracic artery and its branches (labeled under its old name the Internal mammary artery, at upper right.) | BranchFrom = Subclavian artery | BranchTo = Pericardiocophrenic Anterior intercostal branches Musculophrenic Superior epigastric Perforating branches | Vein = Internal thoracic vein | Supplies = }} In human anatomy, the internal thoracic artery (ITA), previously known as the internal mammary artery (a name still common among surgeons{{citation needed|date=November 2013}}), is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurcation as the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries. StructureThe internal thoracic artery arises from the subclavian artery near its origin. It travels downward on the inside of the ribcage, approximately a centimeter from the sides of the sternum, and thus medial to the nipple. It is accompanied by the internal thoracic vein. It runs deep to the external oblique, but superficial to the vagus nerve Branches
After passing the sixth intercostal space, the internal thoracic artery splits into the following two terminal branches:
Clinical significanceUse in bypass graftsThe internal thoracic artery is the cardiac surgeon's blood vessel of choice for coronary artery bypass grafting. The left ITA has a superior long-term patency to saphenous vein grafts[1][2] and other arterial grafts[3] (e.g. radial artery, gastroepiploic artery) when grafted to the left anterior descending coronary artery, generally the most important vessel, clinically, to revascularize. Plastic surgeons may use either the left or right internal thoracic arteries for autologous free flap reconstruction of the breast after mastectomy. Usually, a microvascular anastomosis is performed at the second intercostal space to the artery on which the free flap is based. Additional imagesReferences1. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Kitamura | first1 = S | last2 = Kawachi | first2 = K | last3 = Kawata | first3 = T | last4 = Kobayashi | first4 = S | last5 = Mizuguchi | first5 = K | last6 = Kameda | first6 = Y | last7 = Nishioka | first7 = H | last8 = Hamada | first8 = Y | last9 = Yoshida | first9 = Y | title = Ten-year survival and cardiac event-free rates in Japanese patients with the left anterior descending artery revascularized with internal thoracic artery or saphenous vein graft: a comparative study | journal = Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi | volume = 97 | issue = 3 | pages = 202–9 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8649330 }} 2. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Arima | first1 = M | last2 = Kanoh | first2 = T | last3 = Suzuki | first3 = T | last4 = Kuremoto | first4 = K | last5 = Tanimoto | first5 = K | last6 = Oigawa | first6 = T | last7 = Matsuda | first7 = S | title = Serial angiographic follow-up beyond 10 years after coronary artery bypass grafting | url = http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/circj/69/8/896/_pdf | journal = Circulation Journal | volume = 69 | issue = 8 | pages = 896–902 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16041156 | doi=10.1253/circj.69.896}} 3. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Cohen | first1 = G | last2 = Tamariz | first2 = MG | last3 = Sever | first3 = JY | last4 = Liaghati | first4 = N | last5 = Guru | first5 = V | last6 = Christakis | first6 = GT | last7 = Bhatnagar | first7 = G | last8 = Cutrara | first8 = C | last9 = Abouzahr | first9 = L | last10 = Goldman | first10 = Bernard S | last11 = Fremes | first11 = Stephen E | title = The radial artery versus the saphenous vein graft in contemporary CABG: a case-matched study | journal = The Annals of Thoracic Surgery | volume = 71 | issue = 1 | pages = 180–5; discussion 185–6 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11216742 | doi = 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)02285-2 | display-authors = 8 }} External links{{Commons}}Figures of ITA grafts
1 : Arteries of the thorax |
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