“Ernst von Leyser”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Ernst von Leyser

释义

World War II
Trial and conviction
Awards
References
Sources

{{refimprove|date=March 2016}}{{Infobox military person
| name = Ernst von Leyser
| image = Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1984-019-33, Ernst v. Leyser.jpg
| image_size = 180px
| caption = Ernst von Leyser in 1941
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1889|11|18|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1962|9|23|1889|11|18|df=y}}
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial =
| birth_place = Steglitz, Brandenburg, Prussia
| death_place = Garstedt, Lower Saxony
| placeofburial_coordinates =
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flag|German Empire}} (to 1918)
{{flag|Weimar Republic}} (to 1933)
{{flag|Nazi Germany}}
|branch=Army (Wehrmacht)
| serviceyears = 1909–45
| rank = General of the Infantry
| servicenumber =
| unit =
| commands = 269th Infantry Division
XXVI Army Corps
XV Mountain Army Corps
XXI Mountain Army Corps (Germany)
| battles = World War I
World War II

Battle of France
Operation Barbarossa
Battle of Leningrad
Raid on Drvar

| battles_label =
| awards = Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}

Ernst von Leyser ({{IPA-de|ˈeʁnst ˈuːlʁiːx ˈxans fon ˈlaɪsa}}) (18 November 1889 – 23 September 1962) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded several army corps.

After the war, in 1947, Leyser was tried for war crimes committed in the Balkans and sentenced to ten years of imprisonment during the Hostages Trial; his sentence was commuted to time served and he was released in 1951.

World War II

During the invasion of France, Leyser commanded a regiment. In April 1941 he appointed commander of the 269th Infantry Division. As part of the Army Group North, the division fought in northern Soviet Union after the launching of Operation Barbarossa. On 18 September 1941 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and command of the XXVI Army Corps during the siege of Leningrad.

On 1 December 1942 Leyser assumed command of the XXVI Army Corps. Almost a year later, he was assigned to lead the XV Mountain Army Corps, which was fighting against Yugoslav partisans in Croatia. On 20 July 1944 (coincidentally, the day of the failed assassination of Adolf Hitler) he switched command with General Gustav Fehn, commander of the XXI Mountain Army Corps (Germany) in the Balkans.

On 29 April 1945, he was relieved of command. Leyser was arrested by the United States forces on 8 May.

Trial and conviction

Leyser was tried, as subordinate to General Lothar Rendulic, along with 12 other high-ranking German officers in the Hostages Trial, from 13 May 1947 to 19 February 1948. He was found guilty on two charges of crimes against humanity and war crimes: murder and mistreatment of POWs and murder and mistreatment of civilians. Leyser was sentenced to 10 years of imprisonment in December 1947.^[1] On 31 January 1951, John J. McCloy, the US High Commissioner in Germany, revised his sentence to time served.^[2]

Leyser died in Garstedt on 23 September 1962, at the age of 73.

Awards

Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 18 September 1941 as Generalmajor and commander of the 269. Infanterie-Division^[4]

References

1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzYznOEiZmcC&pg=PA2000&dq=Ernst+von+Leyser&ei=Ckz1S8PaNZW-yQSCj52TCg&cd=4#v=onepage&q=Ernst%20von%20Leyser&f=false McDonald, Gabrielle Kirk: "Substantive and Procedural Aspects of International Criminal Law", p. 2000]
2. ^Kevin Jon Heller: [https://books.google.com/books?id=8ALHAwFfy44C&pg=PA432&dq=%22Ernst+von+Leyser%22+1951&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwih_5fVmc3SAhUIOiYKHXoJDEUQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&q=%22Ernst%20von%20Leyser%22%201951&f=false The Nuremberg Military Tribunals and the Origins of International Criminal Law]
3. ^Visible in the image
4. ^Fellgiebel 2000, p. 290.

Sources

{{Cite book

|last=Fellgiebel
|first=Walther-Peer
|authorlink=Walther-Peer Fellgiebel
|year=2000
|origyear=1986
|title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile
|trans-title=The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches
|language=German
|location=Friedberg, Germany
|publisher=Podzun-Pallas
|isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6
}}{{Refend}}{{S-start}}{{S-mil}}{{Succession box
|before=none
|after=Oberst Helge Auleb
|title= Commander of Infanterie-Regiment 77
|years=1 April 1936 – 14 July 1936
}}{{Succession box
|before=none
|after=none
|title=Commander of Infanterie-Regiment 169
|years=25 October 1939 – 31 March 1941
}}{{Succession box
|before=Generalleutnant Wolfgang
Edler Herr und Freiherr von Plotho
|after=Generalleutnant Curt Badinski
|title=Commander of 269. Infanterie-Division
|years=1 April 1941 – 31 August 1942
}}{{Succession box
|before=General der Artillerie Albert Wodrig
|after=General der Panzertruppe Gustav Fehn
|title=Commander of XXVI. Armeekorps
|years=1 October 1942 – 1 July 1943
}}{{Succession box
|before=General der Panzertruppe Gustav Fehn
|after=General der Infanterie Carl Hilpert
|title=Commander of XXVI. Armeekorps
|years=19 August 1943 – 31 October 1943
}}{{Succession box
|before=General der Infanterie Rudolf Lüters
|after=General der Panzertruppe Gustav Fehn
|title=Commander of XV. Gebirgs.-Armeekorps
|years=1 November 1943 – 31 July 1944
}}{{Succession box
|before=General der Panzertruppe Gustav Fehn
|after=Generalleutnant Albrecht Baier
|title=Commander of XXI. Gebirgs.-Armeekorps
|years=20 July 1944 – 11 October 1944
}}{{Succession box
|before=Generalleutnant Albrecht Baier
|after=Generalleutnant Hartwig von Ludwiger
|title=Commander of XXI. Gebirgs.-Armeekorps
|years=25 October 1944 – 29 April 1945
}}{{S-end}}{{Knight's Cross recipients of the 269th ID}}{{Hostages Trial defendants}}{{Subject bar
| portal1=Biography
| portal2=Military of Germany
| portal3=World War I
| portal4=World War II
| commons=y
}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Leyser, Ernst Von}}

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