| 词条 | Erythronium tuolumnense |
| 释义 |
| name = Tuolumne fawn lily | image = Erythronium pagoda.jpg | image_caption = 'Pagoda', Jardin des Plantes, Paris | status = G2 | status_system = TNC | status_ref = [1] | genus = Erythronium | species = tuolumnense | authority = Applegate }}Erythronium tuolumnense is a species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae, known by the common name Tuolumne fawn lily or Tuolumne dog's tooth violet. However, it is neither a true lily nor a violet. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada of Tuolumne County, California; from {{convert|600|m|0|abbr=on}} along Italian Bar Road up to {{convert|1000|m|0|abbr=on}} altitude at the headwaters of Deer Creek.[2] This hardy perennial wildflower grows from a bulb {{convert|5|-|10|cm|0|abbr=on}} wide, sometimes with associated bulblets. The bulb resembles a dog's tooth in shape and colour, hence the name "dog's tooth" (which also applies to other erythronium species such as E. dens-canis). It produces two small leaves and a reddish stalk up to {{convert|35|cm|0|abbr=on}} tall bearing one to five flowers. The flower has bright yellow recurved tepals, a white style and white stamens tipped with large yellow anthers.[2][3][4] This rare plant is threatened by human activity such as logging in its small native range. Inhabiting moist, light deciduous woodland, this plant is also found in cultivation. The species[5] and the hybrid cultivar 'Pagoda'[6] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. ConservationKnown from only a small number of populations, the largest of which have over ten thousand individuals. Erythronium tuolumnense is listed as imperiled by NaturServe. It has a small historic range, and human activity, especially recreational off-road vehicle use threatens the largest population. Other threats include mining, garbage dumping, camping, logging and fire suppression. [7] References1. ^{{Cite web | publisher =NatureServe | title = Erythronium Tuolumnense | work = NatureServe Explorer | url = http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=erythronium+tuolumnense+ | accessdate = 2018-04-13}} 2. ^1 Flora of North America v 26 p 159 3. ^Applegate, Elmer Ivan.. 1930. Contributions from the Dudley Herbarium 1(4): 153–154. 4. ^Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley. 5. ^{{cite web|title=Erythronium tuolumnense|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=747|publisher=Royal Horticultural Society|accessdate=26 July 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Erythronium 'Pagoda'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=745|publisher=Royal Horticultural Society|accessdate=26 July 2013}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?sourceTemplate=tabular_report.wmt&loadTemplate=species_RptComprehensive.wmt&selectedReport=RptComprehensive.wmt&summaryView=tabular_report.wmt&elKey=160447&paging=home&save=true&startIndex=21&nextStartIndex=1&reset=false&offPageSelectedElKey=154772&offPageSelectedElType=species&offPageYesNo=true&post_processes=&radiobutton=radiobutton&selectedIndexes=129316&selectedIndexes=130535&selectedIndexes=156030&selectedIndexes=128967&selectedIndexes=637297&selectedIndexes=154347&selectedIndexes=145575&selectedIndexes=952546&selectedIndexes=145433&selectedIndexes=160447&selectedIndexes=130424&selectedIndexes=143594&selectedIndexes=132698|title=Comprehensive Report Species -|website=explorer.natureserve.org|language=en|access-date=2018-04-14}} External links
4 : Erythronium|Endemic flora of California|Flora of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Natural history of Tuolumne County, California |
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