| 词条 | Eschiva of Ibelin, Lady of Beirut |
| 释义 |
Eschive d'Ibelin (1253–1312) was sovereign Lady of Beirut in 1282-1312. She was the daughter of Jean d'Ibelin (died 1264), lord of Beirut, and of Alice de la Roche sur l'Ognon, and a member of the influential Ibelin family. LifeShe first married, in 1274, Humphrey de Montfort, lord of Tyre (died 1284). Lady of BeirutShe became lady of Beirut on the death of her sister Isabelle d'Ibelin in 1282.[1] After Humphrey's death, she remarried in 1291 Guy of Lusignan, constable of Cyprus (died 1302). In 1291, Emir al-Shuja'i, a Muslim general under Al-Ashraf Khalil, marched on Beirut, which had only a small garrison. Eschive thought she was secure because she had signed a truce with Qalawun, father of Khalil. Al-Shuja'i summoned the commanders of the garrison and arrested them. Seeing the commanders arrested, the population fled by sea. Beirut was taken by the Muslims on July 31. Al-Shuja'i ordered the razing of its walls and castles and turned its cathedral into a mosque. Claimant to the Duchy of AthensIn 1308, Eschive's cousin Guy II de la Roche, Duke of Athens, died without issue, leaving a succession crisis in the duchy. Eschive travelled to Morea in the same year to claim her rights to the duchy of Athens.[2] She was one of the two claimants, as the daughter of Guy's aunt Alice; her rival, Walter V of Brienne, was the son of Guy's aunt Isabella, a younger sister of Alice. Upon her return journey from Morea, Eschive was shipwrecked.[3] Since Athens was a fief of the Principality of Achaea, the decision was in the hands of Philip I of Taranto, Prince of Achaea, and his suzerain and elder brother Robert of Naples. The two referred the question to the High Court of Achaea in 1309, which met at Glarentza and declared Walter the heir on the pragmatic grounds that he was male and an active soldier, better suited to defend the Duchy. The disappointed Eschive thereupon appealed to the Virgin Mary before the altar of St Francis at Glarentza, asking that Walter and the judges die without heirs of the body if they had wrongly judged against her.[4] Eschive in fact outlived Walter, who was killed at the Battle of Halmyros in 1311, but died the following year in Nicosia and was buried there.[1] IssueWith Humphrey de Montfort, lord of Tyre (died 1284), she six children:[1]
With Guy of Lusignan, constable of Cyprus (died 1302), she had two children:[1]
Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; | 1= Eschive d'Ibelin | 2= John II d'Ibelin, lord of Beirut | 3= Alice de la Roche of Athens | 4= Balian d'Ibelin, lord of Beirut | 5= Eschiva de Montfaucon | 6= Guy I de la Roche, duke of Athens | 7= ... de Bruyeres | 8= John I d'Ibelin, lord of Beirut | 9= Melisende, lady of Arsuf |10= Walter of Montbéliard |11= Burgundia de Lusignan of Cyprus |12= Othon de la Roche, duke of Athens |13= Isabel (Elisabeth) |14= |15= |16= Balian d'Ibelin |17= Maria Komnene |18= Guy of Arsuf |19= |20= Amadeus II, count of Montfaucon |21= Beatrice Grandson-Joinville |22= Aimery de Lusignan, king of Cyprus |23= Eschive d'Ibelin |24= Pons de La Roche |25= |26= |27= |28= |29= |30= |31= }} References1. ^1 2 3 {{MLCC|warning=1 |url=http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/JERUSALEM%20NOBILITY.htm#EchiveIbelinBeirutM1HonroyMonfortM2 title-date= |title=JERUSALEM NOBILITY: Echive Ibelin Beiru |date=July 2008}} {{s-start}}{{s-reg|}}{{s-bef|before=Isabella of Ibelin}}{{s-ttl|title=Lady of Beirut|years=1282–12912. ^Amadi, p. 294, and Chronique de l'Ile de Chypre par Florio Bustron, Mélanges Historiques (Paris, 1886), Tome V, ("Florio Bustron"), p. 173, cited in Rüdt-Collenberg (1979), p. 137. 3. ^Rüdt-Collenberg (1979), p. 138. 4. ^{{cite book | last=Miller | first=William | title=The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish Greece (1204–1566) | pages=220–221 | location=London | year=1908 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5UztIt_jIoUC | accessdate=2008-07-18}} |regent1=Humphrey of Montfort|years1=1282–1284 |regent2=Guy of Cyprus|years2=1291}}{{s-vac|reason=Conquest by Al-Ashraf Khalil|next=Rupen de Montfort|as=claimant}}{{end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Eschive D'ibelin (1253-1312)}} 9 : 1253 births|1312 deaths|People of the Kingdom of Cyprus|Women of the Crusader states|House of Ibelin|History of Beirut|Women of the Duchy of Athens|13th-century women rulers|14th-century women rulers |
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