| 词条 | Ether Monument |
| 释义 |
The Ether Monument, also known as The Good Samaritan, is a statue and fountain near the northwest corner of Boston's Public Garden, near the intersection of Arlington Street and Marlborough Street. It commemorates the use of ether in anesthesia. Its design has been attributed to the Boston architect William Robert Ware[1] and to the sculptor John Quincy Adams Ward.[2] It is {{convert|40|ft}} tall and is the oldest monument in the public garden.[3] DescriptionThe statue depicts a medical doctor in medieval Moorish-Spanish robe and turban—representing a Good Samaritan[4]—who holds the drooping body of an almost naked man on his left knee. The doctor holds in his left hand a cloth, suggesting the use of ether that would be developed in centuries to come.[4] The anachronistic use of a Moorish doctor was probably intentional and served to avoid choosing sides in a debate that was raging at the time over who should receive credit for the first use of ether as an anesthetic.[3] A handful of individuals had claimed credit for the discovery of anesthesia, most notably William T. G. Morton and Charles Thomas Jackson.[5] InscriptionsAt the base of the statue are inscriptions explaining the significance of the discovery of the use of ether as an anesthetic. There are four inscriptions, which include biblical quotations from Isaiah 28:29 and Revelation 21:4:[2] {{cquote|
}}{{clear left}} History{{expand section|date=October 2011}}Massachusetts General Hospital, where this procedure took place, is located about a 15-minute walk from the site of the monument. The operating theater at MGH where the experiment took place was renamed the Ether Dome. It is now a National Historic Landmark.[6] Several books have been written about this specific event.[5]The monument was restored and rededicated in 2006.[7][6] UpkeepAs an outdoor monument in an area with a harsh climate, the structure has needed regular upkeep and repair. One source of revenue for upkeep of the monument has been income from R. A. Ortega's Written in Granite: An Illustrated History of the Ether Monument,[8] which is available only by making a donation of at least $100 through the Friends of the Public Garden[9] which goes to a fund devoted to preserving the monument for the future.[10] References1. ^{{cite web| url = http://web.mit.edu/museum/ware/ware_bio.html| publisher = MIT Museum| title = William Robert Ware| accessdate = 2009-03-30}} 2. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://dcmemorials.com/index_indiv0008105.htm| title = Ether Monument (The Good Samaritan) in the Boston Public Gardens in Massachusetts| publisher = dcMemorials| accessdate = 2010-03-01}} 3. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/15438| publisher = Roadside America| title = Ether Monument| accessdate = 2009-03-30}} 4. ^About.com, "Boston Public Garden Photo Gallery" 5. ^1 {{cite book| title= Ether Day: The Strange Tale of America's Greatest Medical Discovery and the Haunted Men Who Made It| last = Fenster | first = Julie M.| publisher = Harper Collins| year = 2001| id = {{ISBN|978-0-06-019523-6}} (hardcover), {{ISBN|978-0-060-93317-3}} (paperback)}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web| url = http://www.massmoments.com/moment.cfm?mid=299| publisher = Mass Moments| title = Boston Dentist Demonstrates Ether: October 16, 1846| accessdate = 2009-03-30}} 7. ^1 {{cite web| url= https://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=6253735 | title= Revisiting a Boston Monument to Ether | work= Day to Day | date= October 12, 2006 |first= Alan| last= Coukell | publisher= National Public Radio | accessdate=2011-10-05}} 8. ^{{cite book| editor-last = Ortega | editor-first = Rafael A.| title = Written in Granite: An Illustrated History of the Ether Monument| publisher = Plexus Management| location = Boston, MA, USA| isbn = 978-0-87270-142-7}} 9. ^{{cite web| url = https://friendsofthepublicgarden.org/donate/ether-monument/| title = The Ether Monument: Preserving the Heritage of Anesthesiology| accessdate = 2019-02-20}} 10. ^{{cite journal| title = Review: Written in Granite: An Illustrated History of the Ether Monument. R. A. Ortega (editor).| url = http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/98/1/155| doi = 10.1093/bja/ael325| publisher = The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia| work = British Journal of Anaesthesia| volume = 98| number = 1| pages = 155–156| last = Wildsmith | first = J. A. W.| accessdate = 2010-03-01}} 8 : 1860s establishments in Massachusetts|1867 establishments in Massachusetts|1867 sculptures|Fountains in Massachusetts|Landmarks in Back Bay, Boston|Monuments and memorials in Massachusetts|Outdoor sculptures in Massachusetts|Stone sculptures in Massachusetts |
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