| 词条 | Euphorbia canariensis |
| 释义 |
|image = Euphorbia canariensis Tenerife 2012.jpg |image_caption = Canary Island spurge close to the Mirador de Archipenque at Los Gigantes |status = LC |status_system = IUCN3.1 |status_ref = [1] |genus = Euphorbia |species = canariensis |authority = L.[2] |synonyms = Euphorbia canariensis Forssk. Euphorbia canariensis Thunb. Euphorbia canariensis Tremaut[3] Tithymalus quadrangularis Kigg[4][5] }}Euphorbia canariensis, commonly known as the Canary Island spurge, Hercules club[6] or in Spanish cardón,[7]{{rp|206}} is a succulent member of the genus Euphorbia and family Euphorbiaceae[2] endemic to the Canary Islands.[8] It is the plant symbol of the island of Gran Canaria.[9] DescriptionThe Canary Island spurge is a succulent shrub, growing to between {{convert|3|and|4|m|ft|0}} high. It is made up of fleshy quadrangular or pentagonal trunks that look like cacti. It has no leaves, instead bearing spines {{convert|5|to|14|mm|in}} long. It produces reddish-green flowers.[8] It is hardy to {{convert|-2|°C|°F|sigfig=2|lk=on}}.[10] The latex, which contains diterpenes[11] is poisonous.[12] DistributionThe species is found on the narrow coastal belt, from sea level to {{convert|1100|m|ft}} in the Canary Islands.[12] See also
References1. ^Beech, E. (2017). Euphorbia canariensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T79727248A79727254. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T79727248A79727254.en. Downloaded on 10 October 2018. 2. ^1 {{GRIN | accessdate = 2008-03-22 }} 3. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Euphorbia+canariensis&output_format=normal | title = whole name = Euphorbia canariensis | accessdate = 2008-03-22 | author = International Plant Names Index | authorlink = International Plant Names Index }} 4. ^{{cite book | last = Wijnands | first = D. O. | title = The Botany of the Commelins: A Taxonomical, Nomenclatural, and Historical | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eb_dEGP56-QC | accessdate = 2008-03-22 | year = 1983 | publisher = CRC Press | isbn = 978-90-6191-262-0 | chapter = Euphorbiaceae | chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=eb_dEGP56-QC&pg=PT110&lpg=PT110&source=web&ots=Ivi7E5xWYf&sig=x-oy4gl6MdQUb_04iF_zSmxCglI&hl=en#PPT111,M1}} 5. ^ {{cite book | last = Decandolle | first = A.P. | authorlink = A. P. de Candolle | title = Plantarum historia succulentarum = Histoire des plantes grasses | chapter-url = http://www.illustratedgarden.org/mobot/rarebooks/page.asp?relation=SB438C361799V3&identifier=0197 | year = 1837 | accessdate = 2008-03-22 | chapter = Euphorbia canariensis}} 6. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.callutheran.edu/gf/plants/category/gar-4744.htm | title = Photographs of succulents Euphorbia canariensis 4744 | accessdate = 2008-03-23 | author = Barbara J. Collins, Ph.D. | authorlink = California Lutheran University | date = 2007-08-09 | work = Photographs of succulents | publisher = California Lutheran University}} 7. ^{{Cite book |last=Bramwell |first=David |last2=Bramwell |first2=Zoë |year=2001 |title=Wild Flowers of the Canary Islands |edition=2nd |location=Madrid |publisher=Rueda |isbn=978-84-7207-129-2 |lastauthoramp=yes |page=206}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |url = http://www.canaryislandflora.com/arid.htm |title = Canary Islands Flora - Arid Habitat |accessdate = 2008-03-02 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080306042504/http://www.canaryislandflora.com/arid.htm |archivedate = 2008-03-06 |df = }} 9. ^Ley 7/1991, de 30 de abril, de símbolos de la naturaleza para las Islas Canarias 10. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.tuin-thijs.com/euphorbia-engels.htm | title = Euphorbia | accessdate = 2008-03-23 | author = Thijs de Graaf | work = euphorbia engels}} 11. ^{{cite journal | author =Marco, J.A. | author2 =Sanz Cervera, J.F. | author3 =Yuste, A. | title = Ingenane and lathyrane diterpenes from the latex of Euphorbia canariensis. | journal = Phytochemistry-Oxford | volume =45 | issue =3 | pages =563–570 | url = http://grande.nal.usda.gov/ibids/index.php?mode2=detail&origin=ibids_references&therow=428571 | accessdate = 2008-03-23 | date = June 1997 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00018-6 | first1 =J}} 12. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/199200318.html | title = Euphorbia canariensis L. | accessdate = 2008-03-23 | author = University of Connecticut | date = 18 March 2008 | work = EEB Greenhouse Accession Data | publisher = Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses}} External links
| last = Decandolle | first = A.P. | authorlink = A. P. de Candolle | title = Plantarum historia succulentarum = Histoire des plantes grasses | chapter-url = http://www.illustratedgarden.org/mobot/rarebooks/page.asp?relation=SB438C361799V3&identifier=0201 | year = 1837 | accessdate = 2008-03-22 | chapter = Illustration of Euphorbia canariensis }}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1568081}} 4 : Euphorbia|Endemic flora of the Canary Islands|Succulent euphorbias|Plants described in 1753 |
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